Tornados, hurricanes and global weather
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This document discusses different scales of weather phenomena from microscale to global scale. It provides examples of microscale weather like tornadoes and thunderstorms and describes their characteristics. Larger scale phenomena like hurricanes are also described. The document explains how global circulation patterns involving wind currents like the jet stream and easterlies influence weather patterns and events across different scales.
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The document compares the Mercalli Intensity Scale and Richter Magnitude Scale. The Mercalli Scale describes earthquake intensity based on observed effects, ranging from I (detected only by instruments) to XII (total destruction). The Richter Scale uses seismograph measurements to describe an earthquake's magnitude on a logarithmic scale. Both scales were developed in the early 20th century - the Mercalli by Mercalli and the Richter by Charles Richter to study California quakes. While the Mercalli Scale relies on observations, the Richter Scale provides a more scientific measure of an earthquake's energy release.
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Earthquakes occur at plate boundaries and major fault lines due to the buildup and sudden release of pressure between tectonic plates that cannot move past each other easily. The most severe earthquakes generally happen at destructive and conservative plate margins. Earthquakes are measured using the Richter Scale, which is a logarithmic scale to indicate the magnitude or power of the earthquake. The largest recorded earthquake was in Chile at 8.9 on the Richter Scale.
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This document discusses earthquake intensity and magnitude. It defines an earthquake as the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquake intensity is a measure of the effects on the Earth's surface based on the Mercalli scale, while magnitude measures the energy released using seismograph recordings. The document provides details on what causes earthquakes, the relationship between intensity and magnitude, and examples of intensity scales like the Modified Mercalli scale. Tables show the correlation between typical intensities and magnitudes.
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Celebrate Earth Day with Your Library - Possible Slides
Celebrate Earth Day with Your Library - Possible Slides
Weather2020 Long Range Forecasting Weather School Chapters 1 & 2
Weather2020 Long Range Forecasting Weather School Chapters 1 & 2
More from cbrannon
Dynamic earth ppt to go with notes
The theory of plate tectonics explains that Earth's outer layer is made up of plates that have moved throughout geological history. These plates float on top of the mantle and move at boundaries where they diverge, converge, or slide past one another. Convection currents in the upper mantle provide the driving force that causes plates to move over time.
Deadly Tsunamis
A tsunami is a giant wave caused by sudden movement under the ocean. Tsunamis travel very fast, like jet planes, so there is little time to escape when they hit shorelines. They can cause widespread death, homelessness, and economic problems. The most destructive tsunami was in 2004 in the Indian Ocean, where an earthquake in Indonesia generated waves that killed thousands across 11 countries. This document provides information about tsunamis, their effects, terminology, safety, detection methods, history in the US, and recent events.
Extreme Snow Avalanches
The document discusses extreme snow avalanches, including their causes, effects, and past events. It notes that the world's largest avalanche occurred at Mount St. Helens in Washington, and the most costly and deadly avalanches also took place in Washington and Pakistan, respectively. Avalanches are triggered by built-up stress in snow layers caused by vibration, weather changes, or accumulating water. They can kill people by trapping them under snow and damage terrain, infrastructure, and resorts.
Circulatory system
The circulatory system helps control blood flow throughout the body using the heart, veins and arteries. It works with the respiratory system to oxygenate blood in the lungs and remove carbon dioxide. Key components include the heart which pumps blood, the aorta which is the largest artery, veins which carry blood toward the heart, and arteries which carry blood away from the heart.
The Respiratory System
The document provides an overview of the respiratory system through definitions of key terms, facts about its functions, and diagrams. It explains that the respiratory system allows for breathing, talking, and removing mucus. Key parts include the nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. The main function is to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
Costa Rica 2009 Fall Meeting
Costa Rica is a small Central American country about the size of West Virginia, with San José as its capital city. The people are friendly and Spanish is the primary language, though many also speak English. Costa Rica has a tropical climate with two seasons and abundant wildlife. EF Tours will provide transportation and guides for the trip, which will involve typical Costa Rican foods, hotels with pools, and opportunities to experience the local culture and scenery. Travelers should prepare their paperwork, follow rules, and be flexible about travel details.
Cells, Cells, Cells 2008
Cells are the basic unit of living things. All living things are made of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function. Cells contain organelles that each have specific roles to help the cell function. Organelles include the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and more. Plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not have a cell wall and get energy from food rather than sunlight. The document provides an overview of cell structures and types as well as key terms related to cells.
More from cbrannon (8)
Tornados, hurricanes and global weather
- 1. Tornadoes, Hurricanes, and Global Weather Mr. Jason Simpson
- 2. What is SCALE? Measurement A Thing on a Fish An Action SCALE is related to the ____ of an object AND the ____ it is active or is occurring. TIME SIZE
- 3. METEOROLOGY: The study of the atmosphere and the weather that happens in it. Microscale There are FOUR scales of measurement in meteorology. They include a SPACE and a TIME. Mesoscale Synoptic Global
- 4. Comparing and Contrasting “Cyclones!” “ Cyclones” are areas of low pressure. Air pressure is a _____. Air is made up of tiny _________ that move up, down, and side-to-side in the atmosphere. Microscale Synoptic FORCE PARTICLES
- 5. Comparing and Contrasting “Cyclones!” Low Pressure (rising air) High Pressure (sinking air) The Wind! (horizontal) Cylones (lows) rotate counter-clockwise.
- 6. A tornado’s wind can range from 65 to over 250 miles per hour! The ________ ______ Scale rates a tornado’s strength based on the damage it does. ENHANCED FUJITA EF-0 (65-85 MPH) EF-1 (86-110 MPH) EF-2 (111-135 MPH) EF-3 (136-165 MPH) EF-4 (166-200 MPH) EF-5 (Over 200 MPH)
- 7. EF-1 Tornado Leighton, AL
- 9. FOUR (2 in 1974, 1 in 1977, 1 in 1998) How many EF-5 tornadoes has Alabama recorded? EF-5 Damage 1998 1977 LINK LINK April 8
- 10. Tornadoes form from individual _____________. THUNDERSTORMS Radar Image Cumulonimbus Cloud View underneath a cumulonimbus into a “wall cloud.” Do you see a tornado here? Tornadoes are ___________ events because they are small and do not last very long. MICROSCALE
- 11. Individual Thunderstorms and Tornadoes are tracked by a RADAR. How Radar Works O Doppler Radar detects precipitation, and it can determine if the rain, hail, or snow is moving TOWARD or AWAY FROM the radar site!
- 12. Hurricanes range from a few hundred to a few thousand miles wide! They are _______ scale events. SYNOPTIC USA TODAY Saffir-Simpson Scale Satellite Animation of Hurricane Katrina (2005) A hurricane’s wind ranges from 74 to over 200 miles per hour. The _____________ scale describes a hurricane’s strength by wind AND ____________. SAFFIR-SIMPSON STORM SURGE
- 13. Hurricanes are storm _______. SYSTEMS Radar Image Close-Up Satellite Loop of Hurricane Igor (2010) The center of a hurricane is called the ____. The weather is ____ in this area. EYE CALM
- 14. What’s the Difference? Tornado Hurricane - One Thunderstorm - Small Size - Short Life - Usually stronger on LAND - Strength is in the wind - System of thunderstorms - Large Size - Long Life - Strong over WATER - Strength is in the wind AND water (storm surge) - Tornadoes are a part of a storm, they do not CREATE storms. - Hurricanes are made of storms and can CREATE tornadoes!
- 15. What is This Thing? Waterspouts are tornadoes on water!
- 16. The GLOBAL Picture The ___ ______ is a global scale weather feature. It is a river of ___ that moves storm systems. JET STREAM AIR
- 17. The GLOBAL Picture WESTERLIES EASTERLIES Hurricanes form in the _____________. Alabama is often in this band of wind in the Summer and early Fall. Alabama is usually in the ____________. That is where most severe storms and tornadoes occur.
- 18. The GLOBAL Picture Global circulation begins with the ___! Uneven heat on Earth’s surface causes air to move. Moving air is called ______. SUN WIND
- 19. The GLOBAL Picture The westerlies bring a clash of air masses where _______ form. FRONTS An unstable, warm air mass, changing winds, and thunderstorms are where tornadoes usually come from.
- 20. The GLOBAL Picture Hurricanes form in the __________ (Trade Winds). EASTERLIES This band of wind moves north toward Alabama in Summer and early Fall.
- 21. The GLOBAL Picture The atmosphere’s mission is to bring _____________. EQUILIBRIUM This is why we have STORMS!
- 22. The GLOBAL Picture Hurricanes transport _____ air from the tropics toward the poles. WARM
- 23. The GLOBAL Picture Thunderstorms transport warm air near the surface high into the very cold atmosphere above. The surface is ________, and the air high above the surface is __________. COOLED WARMED
- 24. QUESTIONS?
Editor's Notes
- Ef-1 video from WHNT of Leighton Tornado hitting a parking lot
- EF-3 video from Youtube of an EF-3 tornado hitting an apartment complex in Montgomery
- EF-3 video from Youtube of an EF-3 tornado hitting an apartment complex in Montgomery