This document defines and explains different types of agriculture. It discusses terrace farming, which uses step-like benches to slow erosion and expand tillable land, and is used for rice in Southeast Asia. Extensive agriculture uses small inputs on low-productivity land, typically for grazing animals. Slash and burn agriculture causes deforestation in the tropics. The document also outlines steps in farming like soil preparation, sowing, fertilizing, irrigating, harvesting, and storing crops. New technologies like GPS and precise fertilizer application are increasing yields to feed a growing population.

1. Types of Agriculture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. TO DEFINE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF AGRICULTURE
2. TO EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT FACTORS AFFECTING
THESE TYPES OF AGRICULTURE
2.

2. Terrace Farming
• Terrace farming consists of building a series of step like benches. These
benches are supported by either sod or stone walls. Each level slows the
flow of water runoff, slowing the erosion process.
• They also bring into tillage areas that formerly could not be farmed.
• Much of the rice that comes from Vietnam, Thailand, and other
Southeast Asian countries is grown on terraces.

3. Extensive Agriculture
• It is an agricultural production system that uses small inputs of labour,
fertilizers, and capital, relative to the land area being farmed.
• It most commonly refers to sheep and cattle farming in areas with low
agricultural productivity

4. Slash and Burn Agriculture
• Conversion of forests for agricultural lands is the most important cause of
deforestation in the tropics.

5. Agriculture
• Agriculture includes both subsistence agriculture, which is producing enough
food to meet the needs of people.
• Better management of soil nutrients, and improved weed control have greatly
increased yields per acre.
• Use of mechanization has decreased labor requirements, releasing most of
the populace from intense agricultural labor.

6. Growing Population
• Food security
• “produce more food in the next 50 years than the last 10,000”
• 24,000 people die each day from hunger
• This is down 40% from 20 years ago

7. • Pinpoint fertilizer applications based on yields
• Improved seed technologies decrease need for
pesticides/
• GPS Systems
• Pinpoint fertilizer application based on
• Improved seed technologies decrease need for pesticides/ herbicides
• A combine with GPS system- Rs. 2,61,00,000 base price
Technologies in Modern Agriculture

8. Steps Of Farming
• Preparation of soil
• Sowing
• Adding Manure Or Fertilizers To Soil
• Irrigation
• Harvesting & Storing

9. • Preparation of soil is the first step before growing crop.
• One of the most important task in agriculture is to turn the soil and loosen it.
• This Allows the roots penetrate deep onto the soil.
• The loosened soil helps microbes like earthworm which helps in making soil
fertile.
Preparation of soil

10. Sowing of seeds
• Sowing is most important part of crop production.
• Before sowing, good quality seeds are selected.
• Good quality seeds are clean and healthy seeds of a good variety.
• Farmers prefer to use seeds which give a high yield.

11. Adding Manure Or Fertilizers To Soil
• The substance which is added to the soil in the form of nutrient for the healthy gro
• Soil supplies mineral and nutrients to the crop.
• These nutrients are important for the growth of the plant.

12. Irrigation
• The supply of the water to crops at the different intervals is called
irrigation.
• Wells, tube wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams and canals are some sources

13. intervals . When water is allowed to escape from the rotating
Irrigation
• Sprinkler system is more useful on the uneven land where sufficient water
is not available.
• The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on the top, are joined to
the main pipeline at regular intervals .
• When water is allowed to escape from the rotating nozzles. It gets sprinkled

14. Irrigation
• Drip Irrigation is the system in which the water falls drop by drop
just at the position of the roots.
• It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees.

16. ground. It usually takes 3 to 4 months for a cereal crop to mature.
Harvesting
• Harvesting of a crop is an important task.
• The cutting of crop after its mature is harvesting.
• In harvesting, crop are pulled or cut close to ground.

17. Storing
• Storage of an product is an important task. If the crop grains are
to be safe from moisture, insects, rats and microorganisms.
• The fresh crop has more moisture.
• If freshly harvested grains are stored without drying, they may get
spoilt by organisms loosing their germination capacity.

18. Thank You