This is computer network class
Select the statement that is correct. Demultiplexing is used to direct incoming packets to the
correct process. Since UDP is a "connectionless" protocol, it is possible for requests to go to the
wrong socket. If the network is having a lot of congestion, then the application can switch
between TCP and UDP dynamically to adjust for this. Demultiplexing is needed only when you
have multiple instances of the same application running on a host machine. Question 2 ( 2
points) Saved Why does DNS use UDP rather than TCP? Deverlopers assume that since the
application requests cannot run until DNS happens first, then it is okay to make it wait for the
services to provide for reliability. DNS requests are so frequent, and have to happen quickly, we
don't want to add extra time for the services provided by TCP. To ensure that we get the mapping
without any errors. DNS can tolerate some erros..
Reply needed 1TCPIP is a networking protocol suite that Micros.docxsodhi3
Reply needed 1
TCP/IP is a networking protocol suite that Microsoft Windows uses to communicate over the internet with other computers. It interacts with DNS and security tech such as IPsec to assist in the successful and secure transfer of IP packets between machines. TCP/IP is most commonly used to communicate over networks.
TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol, handles the sequencing and acknowledgment of packets sent, and the recovery of packets lost during transmission.
UDP, or User Datagram Protocol, provides a one-to-one or one-to-many, connectionless, unreliable communications server that is used when the amount of data to be transferred is small, such as data that fits into a single packet.
Both UDP and TCP use ports to identify communications for each TCP/IP program.
TCP
· Connection-oriented service; a session is established between hosts.
· TCP guarantees delivery through the use of acknowledgments and sequenced delivery of data.
· Programs that use TCP are provided assurance of reliable data transport.
· TCP is slower, has higher overhead requirements, and only supports point-to-point communication.
UDP
· Connectionless Service; no session is established between hosts.
· UDP does not guarantee or acknowledge delivery, or sequence data.
· Programs that use UDP are responsible for providing reliability needed to transport data.
· UDP is fast, has low overhead requirements, and can support point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communication.
References
Microsoft. (2005). User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Retrieved from https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc785220(v=ws.10).aspx
Microsoft. (2003). How TCP/IP Works. Retrieved from https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc786128(v=ws.10).aspx
Reply needed 2
TCP and UDP are both intent protocol that relay data from one computer to another through a network. The difference between the two is TCP is connection oriented which means it establishes connection between the devices before actual data is sent. This is done by a 3 way handshake, syn, syn-ack, and ack. Since TCP is connection oriented it is more reliable because packets are sure to arrive at the destination. Although TCP is a lot slower than UDP, it is used for instances that requires guaranteed data transmission such as and during virtual terminal connection (TELNET), FTP for transferring files, HTTP and HTTPs for world wide web connection.
UDP on the other hand is a “connection-less” protocol which means data is sent whether the receiving end get it or not. It is a lot faster than TCP but does not guarantee packets will arrive at the destination. UDP exist when speed is a factor, and is used during real-time data transmission such VOIP or skype, DNS, DHCP, or online gaming. (Rodriguez, 2014)
Reference:
Rodriguez, E. (2014). TCP vs. UDP. Retreived from: http://www.skullbox.net/tcpudp.php
Reply needed 3
TCP and UDP are both Layer 4 or Transport Layer protocols. That being said TCP and UDP are used as the transport pro ...
Communication over the kinds of Data-Links used for unmanned vehicles presents important challenges dues to the low bandwidth, intermittent, and lower reliability of these links. Classic network protocols such as TCP do not operate well in this environment forcing application developers to implement their own reliability and session management. This presentation describes he issues and alternatives.
Reply needed 1TCPIP is a networking protocol suite that Micros.docxsodhi3
Reply needed 1
TCP/IP is a networking protocol suite that Microsoft Windows uses to communicate over the internet with other computers. It interacts with DNS and security tech such as IPsec to assist in the successful and secure transfer of IP packets between machines. TCP/IP is most commonly used to communicate over networks.
TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol, handles the sequencing and acknowledgment of packets sent, and the recovery of packets lost during transmission.
UDP, or User Datagram Protocol, provides a one-to-one or one-to-many, connectionless, unreliable communications server that is used when the amount of data to be transferred is small, such as data that fits into a single packet.
Both UDP and TCP use ports to identify communications for each TCP/IP program.
TCP
· Connection-oriented service; a session is established between hosts.
· TCP guarantees delivery through the use of acknowledgments and sequenced delivery of data.
· Programs that use TCP are provided assurance of reliable data transport.
· TCP is slower, has higher overhead requirements, and only supports point-to-point communication.
UDP
· Connectionless Service; no session is established between hosts.
· UDP does not guarantee or acknowledge delivery, or sequence data.
· Programs that use UDP are responsible for providing reliability needed to transport data.
· UDP is fast, has low overhead requirements, and can support point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communication.
References
Microsoft. (2005). User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Retrieved from https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc785220(v=ws.10).aspx
Microsoft. (2003). How TCP/IP Works. Retrieved from https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc786128(v=ws.10).aspx
Reply needed 2
TCP and UDP are both intent protocol that relay data from one computer to another through a network. The difference between the two is TCP is connection oriented which means it establishes connection between the devices before actual data is sent. This is done by a 3 way handshake, syn, syn-ack, and ack. Since TCP is connection oriented it is more reliable because packets are sure to arrive at the destination. Although TCP is a lot slower than UDP, it is used for instances that requires guaranteed data transmission such as and during virtual terminal connection (TELNET), FTP for transferring files, HTTP and HTTPs for world wide web connection.
UDP on the other hand is a “connection-less” protocol which means data is sent whether the receiving end get it or not. It is a lot faster than TCP but does not guarantee packets will arrive at the destination. UDP exist when speed is a factor, and is used during real-time data transmission such VOIP or skype, DNS, DHCP, or online gaming. (Rodriguez, 2014)
Reference:
Rodriguez, E. (2014). TCP vs. UDP. Retreived from: http://www.skullbox.net/tcpudp.php
Reply needed 3
TCP and UDP are both Layer 4 or Transport Layer protocols. That being said TCP and UDP are used as the transport pro ...
Communication over the kinds of Data-Links used for unmanned vehicles presents important challenges dues to the low bandwidth, intermittent, and lower reliability of these links. Classic network protocols such as TCP do not operate well in this environment forcing application developers to implement their own reliability and session management. This presentation describes he issues and alternatives.
APNIC Chief Scientist Geoff Huston presented on Measuring ATR, which is a hybrid response to problems around the handling of large UDP packets and IP fragmentation at RIPE 76 in Marseille, France, from 14 to 18 May 2018.
Some of the newer CDN technologies can address the logic level in a number of innovative ways. First, they can more intelligently cache information close to end users with mobile devices, and use the location as a cache-key. So, for example, a weather site can, with this type of logic, cache appropriate detailed weather information for a user in the CDN based on their initial GPS contact point. This weather data can be later served to other users located a few blocks away, eliminating the need for additional round trips.
[White Paper] Innovations in Mobile Content Delivery: Avoiding the Great Mobi...Cotendo
Learn about the technology limitations killing the performance of mobile websites and mobile apps, plus how innovations in mobile content delivery networks (CDNs) can transform users’ experience of the mobile Web. Understand why Round Trip Time (RTT) is the biggest factor hindering mobile performance for end users, and learn why it’s essential to take a three-prong approach to improving mobile content delivery: accelerating content at the network, content and logic levels. This concise industry brief about the mobile cloud will get you up to speed on key factors and best practices in optimizing mobile performance.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Individual CommentsYour answers missed there below topics, sp.docxdirkrplav
Individual Comments:
Your answers missed there below topics, spend a little more time on the format of your answers
question 1 - backward compatibility?, scalability?
question 2 - success rate?, reliability?
question 3 - QoS?, Security?
question 4 - foreign agent?
1. Why did Ethernet become an acceptable LAN standard?
Be specific in your explanation.
Many factors funded to Ethernet by becoming a LAN standard, the first factor is that Ethernet is reliable by using CSMA/CD to sense before sending any data to the network to avoid crash, and in this case the crash detection method stop all transmission and assigns a random retransmission delay time to all nodes. The second factor is the management tools that are available to manage the Ethernet using SNMP from a central location. The third factor is Ethernet trouble shooting is easy by using easy ways for example the light indicator or a more sophisticated way like using a network analyzer. The fourth reason is that Ethernet has a low cost comparing it to other technologies that the user doesn't need to buy extra hardware and can connect it directly depending on his computer network. On the other hand, it doesn’t have a security issue such as wireless networks which has risk through the airwaves, but, users should have good security desktop application to prevent unapproved accesses.
2.From the users point of view how does one measure network performance?
The network performance is identified commonly in bites per seconds. It can be measured by multiple factors which are bandwidth, throughput, latency and error rate and from those factors the bandwidth is the maximum rate that data can be transferred with, Latency is the delay between the sending and receiving. Error rate is the percentage of corrupted data that is being sent. There are three main possible ways to measure: the first one is the total of bytes transferred (from server to the user and opposite) in one session which can be used to measure the overhead of protocol (bandwidth). Second ways, number of round trips in one operation (transaction). Third point, time taken to pull or push from network bandwidth and ping time. Moreover, the user could measure network performance in normal way by trying to copy a file over the network depending on the file transferring time; furthermore, he could gauge the speed by the time it takes for a file to copy from or to the network.
3.Why did IPv4 prevail for such a long time and why the change to IPv6?
Shifting for IPv4 to IPv6 requires a huge investment of human and capital resources. While, it doesn’t provide a clear picture of the short-term return which resulted the enterprises to frequently postpone this investment. However the time came to change from IPv4 to IPv6. IPv4 provide maximum of about 4 billion addresses whereas IPv6 has an unthinkable theoretical maximum: about 340 trillion, trillion, trillion addresses. Previously (with IPv4) home user got a single user, while the IPv4 pro.
Trade protectionism is a policy that protects domestic industries from.pdfEricvtJFraserr
Trade protectionism is a policy that protects domestic industries from unfair foreign
competition. The four primary tools used in trade protectionism are tariffs, subsidies,
quotas, and currency manipulation. Critically analyses the tariff, quota, subsidies, and
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trace a calciol molecule (inactive D) from the liver to the kidney- Th.pdfEricvtJFraserr
trace a calciol molecule (inactive D) from the liver to the kidney. Then trace the calcitriol
(active vitamin D) from the kidney to the small intestine. Remember, it goes to the small
intestine to help absorb calcium..
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APNIC Chief Scientist Geoff Huston presented on Measuring ATR, which is a hybrid response to problems around the handling of large UDP packets and IP fragmentation at RIPE 76 in Marseille, France, from 14 to 18 May 2018.
Some of the newer CDN technologies can address the logic level in a number of innovative ways. First, they can more intelligently cache information close to end users with mobile devices, and use the location as a cache-key. So, for example, a weather site can, with this type of logic, cache appropriate detailed weather information for a user in the CDN based on their initial GPS contact point. This weather data can be later served to other users located a few blocks away, eliminating the need for additional round trips.
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Learn about the technology limitations killing the performance of mobile websites and mobile apps, plus how innovations in mobile content delivery networks (CDNs) can transform users’ experience of the mobile Web. Understand why Round Trip Time (RTT) is the biggest factor hindering mobile performance for end users, and learn why it’s essential to take a three-prong approach to improving mobile content delivery: accelerating content at the network, content and logic levels. This concise industry brief about the mobile cloud will get you up to speed on key factors and best practices in optimizing mobile performance.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Individual CommentsYour answers missed there below topics, sp.docxdirkrplav
Individual Comments:
Your answers missed there below topics, spend a little more time on the format of your answers
question 1 - backward compatibility?, scalability?
question 2 - success rate?, reliability?
question 3 - QoS?, Security?
question 4 - foreign agent?
1. Why did Ethernet become an acceptable LAN standard?
Be specific in your explanation.
Many factors funded to Ethernet by becoming a LAN standard, the first factor is that Ethernet is reliable by using CSMA/CD to sense before sending any data to the network to avoid crash, and in this case the crash detection method stop all transmission and assigns a random retransmission delay time to all nodes. The second factor is the management tools that are available to manage the Ethernet using SNMP from a central location. The third factor is Ethernet trouble shooting is easy by using easy ways for example the light indicator or a more sophisticated way like using a network analyzer. The fourth reason is that Ethernet has a low cost comparing it to other technologies that the user doesn't need to buy extra hardware and can connect it directly depending on his computer network. On the other hand, it doesn’t have a security issue such as wireless networks which has risk through the airwaves, but, users should have good security desktop application to prevent unapproved accesses.
2.From the users point of view how does one measure network performance?
The network performance is identified commonly in bites per seconds. It can be measured by multiple factors which are bandwidth, throughput, latency and error rate and from those factors the bandwidth is the maximum rate that data can be transferred with, Latency is the delay between the sending and receiving. Error rate is the percentage of corrupted data that is being sent. There are three main possible ways to measure: the first one is the total of bytes transferred (from server to the user and opposite) in one session which can be used to measure the overhead of protocol (bandwidth). Second ways, number of round trips in one operation (transaction). Third point, time taken to pull or push from network bandwidth and ping time. Moreover, the user could measure network performance in normal way by trying to copy a file over the network depending on the file transferring time; furthermore, he could gauge the speed by the time it takes for a file to copy from or to the network.
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Shifting for IPv4 to IPv6 requires a huge investment of human and capital resources. While, it doesn’t provide a clear picture of the short-term return which resulted the enterprises to frequently postpone this investment. However the time came to change from IPv4 to IPv6. IPv4 provide maximum of about 4 billion addresses whereas IPv6 has an unthinkable theoretical maximum: about 340 trillion, trillion, trillion addresses. Previously (with IPv4) home user got a single user, while the IPv4 pro.
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});
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return;
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});
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let recordedNotes = [];
let recordingStartTime = null;
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recordedNotes = [];
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recordButton.disabled = true;
stopButton.disabled = false;
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// Define a function for sto.
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Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
This is computer network class Select the statement that is correct- D.pdf
1. This is computer network class
Select the statement that is correct. Demultiplexing is used to direct incoming packets to the
correct process. Since UDP is a "connectionless" protocol, it is possible for requests to go to the
wrong socket. If the network is having a lot of congestion, then the application can switch
between TCP and UDP dynamically to adjust for this. Demultiplexing is needed only when you
have multiple instances of the same application running on a host machine. Question 2 ( 2
points) Saved Why does DNS use UDP rather than TCP? Deverlopers assume that since the
application requests cannot run until DNS happens first, then it is okay to make it wait for the
services to provide for reliability. DNS requests are so frequent, and have to happen quickly, we
don't want to add extra time for the services provided by TCP. To ensure that we get the mapping
without any errors. DNS can tolerate some erros.
