Your heart is the only organ that never gets a rest. Its always beating to keep you alive. So, you should maybe do something for it, by providing it with what it needs to function optimally.
Few years ago my father, who was CVD patient, passed away due to heart attack. He was only 61. Same thing happened with my mom in law. She was just 57. Then recently some distant relatives were affected by CVD/CAD. Many people are aware of this disease but I feel that they just live with it. Some do take precautions to avoid but may be it is not enough. I decided to learn more about this and learn how one can take precautions. This is a vast subject hence the presentation I put together is just a beginning of scratching the surface. Lot of information is available on the right websites and books. I refer to one such book.
Your heart is an amazing living pump. Its only job is to move blood through your body. Blood is sent to the lungs to get oxygen and then throughout the body to deliver that oxygen to cells. There are also many nutrients in your blood from the things you eat, drink and breathe in that influence heart health.
Foods that make up a low cholesterol diet can help reduce high levels
Changing what foods you eat can lower your cholesterol and improve the armada of fats floating through your bloodstream. Adding foods that lower LDL, the harmful cholesterol-carrying particle that contributes to artery-clogging atherosclerosis, is the best way to achieve a low cholesterol diet.
Few years ago my father, who was CVD patient, passed away due to heart attack. He was only 61. Same thing happened with my mom in law. She was just 57. Then recently some distant relatives were affected by CVD/CAD. Many people are aware of this disease but I feel that they just live with it. Some do take precautions to avoid but may be it is not enough. I decided to learn more about this and learn how one can take precautions. This is a vast subject hence the presentation I put together is just a beginning of scratching the surface. Lot of information is available on the right websites and books. I refer to one such book.
Your heart is an amazing living pump. Its only job is to move blood through your body. Blood is sent to the lungs to get oxygen and then throughout the body to deliver that oxygen to cells. There are also many nutrients in your blood from the things you eat, drink and breathe in that influence heart health.
Foods that make up a low cholesterol diet can help reduce high levels
Changing what foods you eat can lower your cholesterol and improve the armada of fats floating through your bloodstream. Adding foods that lower LDL, the harmful cholesterol-carrying particle that contributes to artery-clogging atherosclerosis, is the best way to achieve a low cholesterol diet.
Discover the best nutrients for a healthy heart. Inside the articly, you will discover the topics about preventive steps to lower your risk of heart disease, role of nutrition in heart disease treatment, the natural remedy enhance heart health, vitamins for a healthy heart, nutritional supplements treating heart diseases, getting folic acid for heart disease and natural fat is good for heart.
The following are 20 ways to improve your heart health.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes each day, including strength training and aerobic exercise.
- Have a healthy diet, filled with plenty of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts and seeds.
- Reduce your salt intake by following the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
- Don't smoke or use other tobacco products.
- Lose weight if you are overweight or obese.
Cardiovascular disease is defined by the Heart and Stroke Foundation as “diseases and injuries of the cardiovascular system: the heart, the blood vessels of the heart and the system of blood vessels (veins and arteries) throughout the body and within the brain”. Recent statistics report that cardiovascular disease accounted for almost 30% of all deaths in Canada in 2008
Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, refers to diseases of the blood vessels and heart. It is number one cause of death in the world, and in 2020, 11% of all deaths were as a result of heart disease. Although there is not one single cause, an unhealthy diet can be one of the contributing risk factors for heart disease. Paying attention to what we eat and consuming a variety of healthy foods from the five food groups is one of the most important preventative measures we can take to make our heart healthy. The present article reviews the role of Omegaday Softgels: The superfood for healthy heart developed by R& D cell of Pugos Nutrition Research Centre, Hyderabad, as an important preventive measure to make our heart healthy.
Top 10 Benefits of Regular Physical ActivityWishing-UWell
In today's busy era, we often neglect the importance of physical activities. We forget how important engaging in sports, exercises, or any physical activities. So here's an infographic from Wishing U Well, which explains the benefits of having a regular physical activity.
A regular physical activity can promote longevity; it reduces the risk of developing diseases such as cancer, diabetes, stroke, and high blood pressure. Not only it reduces the risk of various illnesses, it is also proven to relieve stress, anxiety, and depression. Furthermore, it also improves cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, metabolism, brain function, a good night sleep, and overall quality of life.
Now, you know how important having a regular physical activity. Don't waste time. If you want to live a happier and longer life, engage in any physical activity. Start now.
Source: http://www.wishinguwell.com/blog/top-10-benefits-of-regular-physical-activity/
Fatty Liver Fix & Rapid Fat Loss FrameworkAjay Agnihotri
The Rapid Fat Loss Framework Forces Your Body To Lose Weight Without Hunger and Stress Imagine eating much less and feeling happy.You can experience both if you choose to try the Rapid Fat Loss Framework.
It might sound impossible, but we have developed a 10-day system that nourishes your body in a way that silences the hunger signals that force you to eat.You're encouraged to eat a lot on the Rapid Fat Loss Framework.
http://www.unileverhealth.co.za/products | Find out how to ensure optimal heart health with the help of this easy guide for lowering cholesterol and leading a healthier lifestyle.
Information and some ideas on how to lower your cholesterol when the doctor says to "eat healthy" what does that really mean?? Other tips and suggestions to help bridge the gap between becoming healthy and your doctors orders. Go back to your doctor next time with confidence!
Rhythm Of Wellness Empowering Hearts, Embracing Cholesterol Health — Aditi Ja...Aditi Jagtap Pune
Dr Ranjit Jagtap’s daughter, Aditi Jagtap has formed the organization with pure intention to serve the patients with utmost care and responsibility. Doctors suggest that a test can ease life for many. The Pune Foundation has served more than 10,000 happy patients leaving an immense impact on the healthcare sector.
After a long, stressful day, what’s more relaxing than having a cup of tea? Hot or cold, a cup of tea can help you fight stress and feel relaxed, while keeping your mind sharper.
Description: Discover the best nutrients for a healthy heart. Inside this eBook, you will discover the topics about preventive steps to lower your risk of heart disease, role of nutrition in heart disease treatment, the natural remedy enhance heart health, vitamins for a healthy heart, nutritional supplements treating heart diseases, getting folic acid for heart disease and natural fat is good for the heart.
The Logical & Scientific facts about Cholesterolfathi neana
We are in the era of Information, Real time communication and the evolution of evidence based science and medicine. It is the era of a great scientific revolution supported by evidences which is reflected upon the way of thinking leading to a lot of change in the old inherited concepts. Many people have been asking the Question: “How to reduce blood cholesterol naturally without using harmful drugs” ? But nobody ask the real question “Does high cholesterol really cause heart disease”? . The answer to this question may be surprising to many!
food for longevity and better quality of life.pdfPaulClaybrook
Unlocking the secrets of longevity through nutrition, this article delves into key aspects of dietary choices for a vibrant and extended healthspan.
Macronutrient Balance: Exploring the optimal mix of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats for sustained health and vitality.
Micronutrients and Antioxidants: Uncovering the role of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals in cellular defense against aging.
Plant-Based Diets: Highlighting the longevity benefits of a predominantly plant-powered plate and its anti-inflammatory properties.
Caloric Restriction: Investigating the metabolic advantages of consuming fewer calories while maintaining optimal nutrition.
Anti-inflammatory Foods: Decoding the role of omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, and other nutrients in quelling chronic inflammation.
Gut Microbiome: Exploring how dietary choices shape the gut microbiome, influencing overall health and longevity.
Through these insights, we uncover the multifaceted pathways by which food choices can promote longevity and enhance the quality of life.
the childhood obesity epidemic of great proportions.pdfPaulClaybrook
This work examines the childhood obesity epidemic, its foundations, and strategies for reducing its prevalence. There is currently a plethora of information, opinions and sometimes contradictory data surrounding the subject. Although overweight and obesity has existed presumably since the dawn of mankind, it has been relatively uncommon in most societies. Historically, only the wealthy have had the ability to overindulge.
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Similar to Things That Are Good For Your Heart.pdf
Discover the best nutrients for a healthy heart. Inside the articly, you will discover the topics about preventive steps to lower your risk of heart disease, role of nutrition in heart disease treatment, the natural remedy enhance heart health, vitamins for a healthy heart, nutritional supplements treating heart diseases, getting folic acid for heart disease and natural fat is good for heart.
The following are 20 ways to improve your heart health.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes each day, including strength training and aerobic exercise.
- Have a healthy diet, filled with plenty of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts and seeds.
- Reduce your salt intake by following the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
- Don't smoke or use other tobacco products.
- Lose weight if you are overweight or obese.
Cardiovascular disease is defined by the Heart and Stroke Foundation as “diseases and injuries of the cardiovascular system: the heart, the blood vessels of the heart and the system of blood vessels (veins and arteries) throughout the body and within the brain”. Recent statistics report that cardiovascular disease accounted for almost 30% of all deaths in Canada in 2008
Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, refers to diseases of the blood vessels and heart. It is number one cause of death in the world, and in 2020, 11% of all deaths were as a result of heart disease. Although there is not one single cause, an unhealthy diet can be one of the contributing risk factors for heart disease. Paying attention to what we eat and consuming a variety of healthy foods from the five food groups is one of the most important preventative measures we can take to make our heart healthy. The present article reviews the role of Omegaday Softgels: The superfood for healthy heart developed by R& D cell of Pugos Nutrition Research Centre, Hyderabad, as an important preventive measure to make our heart healthy.
Top 10 Benefits of Regular Physical ActivityWishing-UWell
In today's busy era, we often neglect the importance of physical activities. We forget how important engaging in sports, exercises, or any physical activities. So here's an infographic from Wishing U Well, which explains the benefits of having a regular physical activity.
A regular physical activity can promote longevity; it reduces the risk of developing diseases such as cancer, diabetes, stroke, and high blood pressure. Not only it reduces the risk of various illnesses, it is also proven to relieve stress, anxiety, and depression. Furthermore, it also improves cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, metabolism, brain function, a good night sleep, and overall quality of life.
Now, you know how important having a regular physical activity. Don't waste time. If you want to live a happier and longer life, engage in any physical activity. Start now.
Source: http://www.wishinguwell.com/blog/top-10-benefits-of-regular-physical-activity/
Fatty Liver Fix & Rapid Fat Loss FrameworkAjay Agnihotri
The Rapid Fat Loss Framework Forces Your Body To Lose Weight Without Hunger and Stress Imagine eating much less and feeling happy.You can experience both if you choose to try the Rapid Fat Loss Framework.
It might sound impossible, but we have developed a 10-day system that nourishes your body in a way that silences the hunger signals that force you to eat.You're encouraged to eat a lot on the Rapid Fat Loss Framework.
http://www.unileverhealth.co.za/products | Find out how to ensure optimal heart health with the help of this easy guide for lowering cholesterol and leading a healthier lifestyle.
Information and some ideas on how to lower your cholesterol when the doctor says to "eat healthy" what does that really mean?? Other tips and suggestions to help bridge the gap between becoming healthy and your doctors orders. Go back to your doctor next time with confidence!
Rhythm Of Wellness Empowering Hearts, Embracing Cholesterol Health — Aditi Ja...Aditi Jagtap Pune
Dr Ranjit Jagtap’s daughter, Aditi Jagtap has formed the organization with pure intention to serve the patients with utmost care and responsibility. Doctors suggest that a test can ease life for many. The Pune Foundation has served more than 10,000 happy patients leaving an immense impact on the healthcare sector.
After a long, stressful day, what’s more relaxing than having a cup of tea? Hot or cold, a cup of tea can help you fight stress and feel relaxed, while keeping your mind sharper.
Description: Discover the best nutrients for a healthy heart. Inside this eBook, you will discover the topics about preventive steps to lower your risk of heart disease, role of nutrition in heart disease treatment, the natural remedy enhance heart health, vitamins for a healthy heart, nutritional supplements treating heart diseases, getting folic acid for heart disease and natural fat is good for the heart.
The Logical & Scientific facts about Cholesterolfathi neana
We are in the era of Information, Real time communication and the evolution of evidence based science and medicine. It is the era of a great scientific revolution supported by evidences which is reflected upon the way of thinking leading to a lot of change in the old inherited concepts. Many people have been asking the Question: “How to reduce blood cholesterol naturally without using harmful drugs” ? But nobody ask the real question “Does high cholesterol really cause heart disease”? . The answer to this question may be surprising to many!
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food for longevity and better quality of life.pdfPaulClaybrook
Unlocking the secrets of longevity through nutrition, this article delves into key aspects of dietary choices for a vibrant and extended healthspan.
Macronutrient Balance: Exploring the optimal mix of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats for sustained health and vitality.
Micronutrients and Antioxidants: Uncovering the role of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals in cellular defense against aging.
Plant-Based Diets: Highlighting the longevity benefits of a predominantly plant-powered plate and its anti-inflammatory properties.
Caloric Restriction: Investigating the metabolic advantages of consuming fewer calories while maintaining optimal nutrition.
Anti-inflammatory Foods: Decoding the role of omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, and other nutrients in quelling chronic inflammation.
Gut Microbiome: Exploring how dietary choices shape the gut microbiome, influencing overall health and longevity.
Through these insights, we uncover the multifaceted pathways by which food choices can promote longevity and enhance the quality of life.
the childhood obesity epidemic of great proportions.pdfPaulClaybrook
This work examines the childhood obesity epidemic, its foundations, and strategies for reducing its prevalence. There is currently a plethora of information, opinions and sometimes contradictory data surrounding the subject. Although overweight and obesity has existed presumably since the dawn of mankind, it has been relatively uncommon in most societies. Historically, only the wealthy have had the ability to overindulge.
Benson’s Syndrome, also known as Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA), is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized by progressive and predominantly visual cognitive impairments. Initially described by Frank Benson in 1988, this syndrome presents with a constellation of symptoms. #alzheimers #alzheimersawareness #alzheimerssucks #superdupernutrition
https://superdupernutrition.com/index.php/2023/07/29/bensons-syndrome-a-closer-look-at-posterior-cortical-atrophy-pca/
A Closer Look at Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA).pdfPaulClaybrook
Benson's Syndrome, also known as Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA), is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized by progressive and predominantly visual cognitive impairments.
#alzheimers #dementia #endalzheimers
https://superdupernutrition.com/index.php/2023/07/29/bensons-syndrome-a-closer-look-at-posterior-cortical-atrophy-pca/.
In the pursuit of optimal health, individuals often encounter an array of intriguing and unconventional strategies. These so-called “weird health tips” encompass a variety of practices that have gained attention for their potential benefits. From ancient traditions to innovative approaches, these tips offer alternative perspectives on enhancing well-being. While some may raise eyebrows, numerous studies support their potential positive impact. Exploring these unconventional methods can provide valuable insights into improving health and wellness.
#healthtips #health #healthylifestyle
https://superdupernutrition.com/index.php/2023/05/23/weird-health-tips-top-10/
Sugar is a prevalent ingredient in the modern diet, with many people consuming far more than the recommended daily limit. The abundance of processed foods is one major reason for its prevalence in the modern diet. #CutTheSugar #SugarFreeLiving #SugarAwareness
https://superdupernutrition.com/index.php/2023/05/12/sugar-and-refined-sugar-in-the-modern-diet/
While some people may find it uncomfortable or embarrassing to discuss, it's essential to know what healthy poop looks like and monitor your poop for any signs of problems
strange berries to improve your health.pdfPaulClaybrook
There are many more types of berries out there than most people realize. For instance, marionberries are common in Oregon, dewberries in Texas and lingonberries in Scandinavia. All of these strange berries are excellent choices for your diet because they are rich in polyphenols. These are plant chemicals that are natural inflammation fighters. This is important as inflammation runs alongside just about every disease in the book.1 You might even find cancer relief as a result of berries.2 Here are a few strange berries to consider:
The Birth of the School Lunch Program.pdfPaulClaybrook
The Commodity Donation Program of 1936 marked the first time the government became significantly involved in school lunches. Because crop surpluses are harmful to respective commodity prices, the act attempted to eliminate them by allotting excesses, in the form of lunches, to underprivileged school children1. However, many school boards did not espouse the program. They were unwilling to invest in equipment and expansion for a program that was not certain to continue. Additionally, food donation from the government fluctuated with commodity surpluses2. So the 79th Congress considered a legislative proposal to make the Commodity Donation Program permanent. It was signed into law as the National School Lunch Bill1.
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When you don’t get enough sleep, you lose out. For example, focus, concentration, losing your temper are all tougher to manage. Furthermore, sleep deprivation makes you more irritated, anxious and cranky, which in turn makes it harder to get to sleep at night. It’s a vicious cycle that Neural Balance TM can break!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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Things That Are Good For Your Heart
Your heart is a unique organ, different than all the others because it never rests. It speeds up as you
increase activity and slows as you decrease activity. Plus, it pumps more than a gallon of blood per
minute, but never, ever stops as long as you live.1 If it does, you die. This is not meant to be a scare
tactic, but to remind you that taking care of your heart health is very important. This is especially true if
you already have a condition or had heart problems in the past. Consequently, what you put in your
body has a huge impact on how this amazing pump works for good or bad. Thus, the best heart health
supplements should be part of your daily intake.
Coenzyme Q-10 / Ubiquinol For Better Beats
In the first place, CoQ-10 is a nutrient that helps your cells convert food into energy. This is especially
important to the heart that is producing energy all the time.2 In fact, this is why it is one of the best
heart health supplements available. Consequently, it comes in two forms, ubiquinone, or CoQ-10 (the
inactive form) and ubiquinol that your cells can use immediately. Your heart, especially with age,
doesn’t always get enough to provide optimal health.3 As a matter of fact, it doesn’t just protect the
heart either, it protects all your cells from free radical damage as a powerful antioxidant.4
However, in a more ironic vein, statin drugs, which improve heart health by decreasing cholesterol,
actually depletes this vital nutrient (remember how it is essential in the production of energy in cells of
the heart?).5 So if you are taking one of these (Lipitor, Zocor, any of the “cors”), you should doubly
consider this supplement.
Fish Oil and Good Heart Health
It turns out that fish oil has about a zillion health benefits. And of course, some of those belong to your
heart, which is why it is one of the great heart health supplements. Subsequently, there are two
significant fats found in it, the short names for which are EPA and DHA. These both fit in the “good fats“
category unlike saturated or trans fat. In any case, fish oil reduces triglycerides, or fat in the blood,
improving artery health.6 It also reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension and prevents
some arrhythmias (unusual heart beat).
Despite the benefits, some folks worry about mercury and other toxins in fish products. While it is true
that fish can be contaminated, most are within “acceptable” levels and pills are distilled, a fancy way of
saying the toxins are removed.7 This is especially true of the products you will find here.8 Incidentally,
we will not recommend a product that is anything but top-notch.
Red Yeast Rice For Cholesterol Control and Heart Health
You have certainly heard of statin drugs like Lipitor and Zocor that lower cholesterol. In fact, you may
already be taking one, but it turns out that they lower levels of CoQ10. But didn’t we just say that CoQ-
10 is essential to the proper function of your heart?9 One of the common side effects of these drugs is
muscle pain. This is likely because the muscles (including the heart) can’t produce enough energy.
In fact, supplemental CoQ-10 reduces pain resulting from statins significantly.9 Red yeast rice is a statin
as well, and powerful in the realm of heart health supplements, but is all natural. It is even used as an
alternative to statin drugs for patients that cannot tolerate them due to their side effects, and there are
2. Sponsored by SuperDuperNutrition.com
many! As it turns out, it works great at helping your body manage cholesterol11 and thus greatly reduce
your chances of a heart attack.
References
1. Marieb E. Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology. 10th ed. Boston: Benjamin Cummings;
2012:368.
2. CoQ10: What are the Heart Health Benefits
3. Cleveland HeartLab, Inc. Cleveland HeartLab, Inc.
http://www.clevelandheartlab.com/blog/horizons-coq10-what-are-the-heart-health-benefits/.
Published 2018. Accessed July 22, 2018.
4. Ernster L, Forsmark-Andre P. Ubiquinol: an endogenous antioxidant in aerobic organisms. Clin
Investig. 1993;71(S8). doi:10.1007/bf00226842
5. Murphy M. Understanding and preventing mitochondrial oxidative damage. Biochem Soc Trans.
2016;44(5):1219-1226. doi:10.1042/bst20160108
6. Zlatohlavek L, Vrablik M, Grauova B, Motykova E, Ceska R. The effect of coenzyme Q10 in statin
myopathy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2012;33 Suppl 2:98-101.
7. Eslick G, Howe P, Smith C, Priest R, Bensoussan A. Benefits of fish oil supplementation in
hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2009;136(1):4-16.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.03.092
8. Sidhu K. Health benefits and potential risks related to consumption of fish or fish oil. Regulatory
Toxicology and Pharmacology. 2003;38(3):336-344. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.00
9. Vitamin World Reviews by ConsumerLab.com with Ratings from Quality Tests.
ConsumerLab.com. https://www.consumerlab.com/Search/Vitamin-World-Review. Published
2018. Accessed November 25, 2018.
10. Passi S, Stancato A, Aleo E, Dmitrieva A, Littarru G. Statins lower plasma and lymphocyte
ubiquinol/ubiquinone without affecting other antioxidants and PUFA. BioFactors. 2003;18(1-
4):113-124. doi:10.1002/biof.5520180213
11. Caso G, Kelly P, McNurlan M, Lawson W. Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Myopathic Symptoms in
Patients Treated With Statins. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(10):1409-1412.
doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.12.063
12. Becker D. Red Yeast Rice for Dyslipidemia in Statin-Intolerant Patients. Ann Intern Med.
2009;150(12):830. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-12-200906160-00006
13. HDL (Good), LDL (Bad) Cholesterol and Triglycerides. Heart.org.
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/HDLLDLTriglycerides/HDL-Good-LDL-
Bad-Cholesterol-and-Triglycerides_UCM_305561_Article.jsp#.W1tvtNJKi70. Published 2018.
Accessed July 27, 2018.