This chapter describes the experimental results of a power theft detection and monitoring system using an Arduino, GSM, and LCD. It discusses 4 cases: 1) No load or theft, 2) House load only, 3) House load with theft, and 4) Consumer control via SMS. The system detects theft based on current sensor readings and sends SMS alerts when theft occurs. It can also remotely turn power on/off or check meter status by SMS for consumer control and monitoring of energy usage.

1. CHAPTER NO.4
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
4.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The project model of power theft detection and meter monitoring by
using Arduino GSM system is shown in figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1; project model of power theft detection and monitoring System.

2. It consists of energy meter, dc current sensors, relay, battery, Arduino
microcontroller, GSM system, and a shield type LCD.
4.2 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Case No.1: No house load, no theft
In this case no house load is switched “ON” and no theft tampering before
energy meter as shown in figure 4.1.
Figure 4.2: Picture of the No house load, no theft
Figure 4.3: Picture of LCD
Energy meter

3. There is no load and no theft, therefore no power flow in circuit as shown in
above figure 4.3. In figure4.3, P1 indicates the power before energy meter (theft),
P2 here showing the house load, Un indicates the no number of units consumed
(KWh) and Rs is the cost of consumed power of house.
In above figure 4.3 P1, P2, Un and Rs all of indicates zeros values, it is because
no house load is switched “ON” and no theft occur yet, therefore all values are
indicating zeros values.
Case No.2: House load but no theft
In this case the house load connected only and no theft tampering occur
before the energy meter as shown in figure 4.4. This case is the normal condition
case in which only customer consumes power and no theft occur, therefore power
flow only customer house.
Figure 4.4: Picture of house load connected but no theft occur
Energy meter
House Load

4. Figure 4.5 showing the LCD output result, in this figure P1 indicating some load
that is house load it is because current sensors are connected in series though there
is no theft occur but current is flowing in customer house therefore P1 indicating
load, similarly P2 indicating house load, Un indicating the no. of units consumed
and Rs is cost of those units that are consumed due to customer load as shown in
figure 4.5.
Figure 4.5: Picture of output of LCD
Case No.3: House load connected and theft occur
In this case house load is connected and theft tampering occur, this is most
important case because in this case theft is occurring as shown in figure 4.6.
Figure 4.6: Picture of house load and theft occur
Energy meter
House loadTheft

5. Figure 4.7 showing LCD results in which P1 indicating large values that
means theft is occurring because under normal conditions it indicates only
house load, P2 indicating house load, Un indicating no. of units are consumed
and Rs is cost of those units.
Figure 4.7: Picture of LCD output
Now an SMS sent to control room as shown in figure 4.8.
Figure 4.8: Picture of theft SMS

6. When three SMS sent to the control room after then few seconds (8sec to 15sec),
The system automatically shut down and an SMS sent to control room as shown
in figure 4.9.
Figure 4.9: Picture of shut down and SMS sent
Case No.4: Consumer can switch “ON”, “OFF” and check Status
through SMS
In this case a customer can control its house load, which means a
consumer can switched “OFF” its house load through an SMS at anywhere
by simply sending “$OFF#” SMS to the energy meter GSM system as
shown in figure 4.10, after receiving that SMS, power flow will “CUT
OFF” from energy meter as shown in figure 4.11.

7. Figure 4.10: Picture of SMS sent to energy meter GSM system
Figure 4.11: Picture of power flow cut off
In this similar way a consumer can switched “ON” its house load through
an SMS at anywhere by simply sending “$ON#” SMS to the energy meter
GSM system as shown in figure 4.12, after receiving that SMS, power will
flow from energy meter as shown in figure 4.13.
Energy meter
House load

8. Figure 4.12: Picture of SMS sent to energy meter GSM system
Figure 4.13: Picture of power flow
A customer can check out its energy meter status by simply sending
“$STATUS#” SMS to the energy meter GSM system, then getting status
of the energy meter as shown in figure 4.14.
Energy meter
House load

9. Figure 4.14: Picture of status
4.3 Chapter Sammary:
This chapter has presents the experimental results of Power theft
detection, monitoring system, controlling home appliances and also the
current status and bill of the consumer.