Thermal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy in a substance that determines its temperature. Thermal energy is always transferred from warmer objects to cooler ones through conduction, convection, or radiation. Conduction involves the direct contact and vibration of particles between objects. Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of molecules within a substance from warmer to cooler areas, such as wind or boiling water. Radiation transfers heat through space in the form of electromagnetic waves like the sun's rays.

1. Thermal Energy Lesson 1 How is thermal energy transferred

2. Measure of kinetic energy of molecules Thermometer Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin TEMPERATURE

3. Total kinetic and potential energy in a substance. Thermal energy determines how warm a substance feels. Warm water has more thermal energy than cool water. Thermal Energy

4. Thermal energy always moves from warmer to cooler objects. Heat is the result of molecules vibrating quickly. Heat is moving energy. HEAT

5. The transfer of heat by direct contact between objects or particles. During conduction the particles in substances do not move, energy is passed as the particles vibrate and bump against one another. Conduction

6. Heat transferred through space as waves EXAMPLE: The sun’s rays causing a sunburn. Radiation

7. Heat transferred by the movement of molecules within a substance. Movement occurs from warmer areas to cooler areas. Convection

8. The movement of a substance that is caused by differences in temperature and density. EXAMPLES: wind boiling water NATURE WANTS EVERYTHING TO BALANCE ! ! Convection Current

9. Conductors are materials that transfer heat easily. Examples: metals like copper and gold Conductors

10. An insulator is a material that does not transfer heat easily. Examples: liquids and gases A jacket Insulators