Therapeutic communication is an interpersonal interaction between a nurse and client that focuses on understanding and addressing the client's needs. The goals are to establish a relationship, identify concerns, assess perceptions, facilitate expression of emotions, teach self-care skills, recognize needs, and guide the client towards a plan of action. Therapeutic communication uses both verbal and nonverbal elements, and techniques include active listening, making observations, exploring topics in depth, focusing on key points, and formulating plans with the client. Conditions like values, culture, age, and environment can all affect communication between individuals.
Therapeutic and non therapeuitc communication techniquesNursing Path
One of the most important skills of a nurse is developing the ability to establish a therapeutic relationship with clients. For interventions to be successful with clients in a psychiatric facility and in all nursing specialties it is crucial to build a therapeutic relationship.
Therapeutic and non therapeuitc communication techniquesNursing Path
One of the most important skills of a nurse is developing the ability to establish a therapeutic relationship with clients. For interventions to be successful with clients in a psychiatric facility and in all nursing specialties it is crucial to build a therapeutic relationship.
A health assessment is a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of a person and how those needs will be addressed by the healthcare system or skilled nursing facility. Health assessment is the evaluation of the health status by performing a physical exam after taking a health history.
Communication
A. Process of Communication
B. Methods of Communication
C. Influence of Communication
D. Communication with Health Care Team
E. Therapeutic vs. Non-therapeutic Communication
F. Nurse-Client Communication
A health assessment is a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of a person and how those needs will be addressed by the healthcare system or skilled nursing facility. Health assessment is the evaluation of the health status by performing a physical exam after taking a health history.
Communication
A. Process of Communication
B. Methods of Communication
C. Influence of Communication
D. Communication with Health Care Team
E. Therapeutic vs. Non-therapeutic Communication
F. Nurse-Client Communication
Therapeutic Communication In Nursing.pptxParul Prasher
Therapeutic And Non-Therapeutic communication in Nursing.Verbal communication consists of getting your message across using sounds, words, and languages, while nonverbal communication involves unsaid things like eye movement, body language, and tone.Verbal communication is the words and sounds that come out of our mouths when we're speaking, including tone of voice and things like sighs and groans. Nonverbal communication, on the other hand, is the signs and messages that we communicate using things like body language, gestures, and facial movements.
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION AND NURSE-PATIENT-RELATIONSHIP.pdfTejal Virola
Therapeutic communication is a technique used by healthcare professionals, particularly in the field of mental health and counseling, to establish a supportive and trusting relationship with clients or patients. Its primary goal is to promote healing, foster understanding, and facilitate positive changes in a person's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Effective therapeutic communication is essential for building rapport, encouraging self-expression, and facilitating the healing process.
A therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is a professional relationship established between a nurse and a patient with the aim of promoting the patient's well-being, health, and healing. This relationship is built on trust, respect, communication, empathy, and collaboration to meet the patient's healthcare needs effectively. It's a fundamental aspect of nursing practice, especially in providing holistic and patient-centered care.
this ppt contains therapeutic communication and therapeutic nurse patient relationships which is part of basic B.Sc. and M.Sc. nursing
It is an interpersonal interaction between the nurse and the patient during which the nurse focuses on the patient’s specific needs to promote an effective exchange of information.
Therapeutic communication and interpersonal relationship Neha Sharma
Therapeutic communication is defined as the face-to-face process of interaction that focuses on advancing the physical and emotional well-being of a patient. Nurses use therapeutic communication techniques to provide education and support to patients, while maintaining objectivity and professional distance.
Identify the distinction of DSM 5 vs ICD.
Explain the significant change in the fifth edition .
Discuss and differentiate the purposes of mental illness classification.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
2. WHAT IS THERAPEUTIC
COMMUNICATION?
Interpersonal interaction between the
nurse and client during which the nurse
focuses on the client’s specific needs to
promote an effective exchange of
information.
3. Therapeutic Communication
An interpersonal interaction
between the nurse and the client
during which the nurse focuses on
the client’s specific needs to
promote an effective exchange of
information.
Skilled use helps the nurse
understand and emphatize with the
client’s experience
4. Goals of Therapeutic
Communication
Establish a therapeutic nurse-client relationship.
Identify the most important client concern at
that moment (the client-centered goal).
Assess the client’s perception of the problem as
it unfolds. This includes detailed actions
(behaviors and messages) of the people
involved and the client’s thoughts and feelings
about the situation, others, and self.
5. Facilitate the client’s expression of
emotions.
Teach the client and family necessary
self-care skills.
Recognize the client’s needs.
Guide the client toward identifying a
plan of action to a satisfying and socially
acceptable situation.
6. Communication
is the process that people use to
exchange information.
Messages are simultaneously sent and
received on two levels:
1) verbally through the use of words and
2) nonverbally by behaviors that
accompany the words (Balzer Riley, 2000).
7. Verbal communication
consists of the words a person uses to
speak to one or more listeners.
1. Content - the literal words that a person
speaks.
2. Context is the environment in which
communication occurs and can include
the time and the physical, social,
emotional, and cultural environment
(Weaver, 1996).
8. Nonverbal communication
is the behavior that accompanies verbal
content such as body language, eye
contact, facial expression, tone of voice,
speed and hesitations in speech, grunts
and groans, and distance from the
listener.
Nonverbal communication can indicate
the speaker’s thoughts, feelings, needs,
and values that the speaker acts out
mostly unconsciously.
9. Congruent message
is when content and process agree.
For example, a client says, “I know I haven’t
been myself. I need help.” She has a sad
facial expression and a genuine and
sincere voice tone.
11. Therapeutic communication can help
nurses to accomplish many goals:
Establish a
therapeutic nurse–
client relationship
Identify
Assess
Facilitate
Teach
Recognize
Guide
12. Proxemics
is the study of distance zones between people
during communication.
four distance zones:
Intimate zone (0 to 18 inches between people):
parents with young children.
Personal zone (18 to 36 inches): family and
friends who are talking.
Social zone (4 to 12 feet): in social, work, and
business settings.
Public zone (12 to 25 feet): speaker and an
audience, small groups, and other informal
functions (Hall, 1963).
13. Touch
Functional-professional touch is used in
examinations or procedures.
Social-polite touch is used in greeting,
such as a handshake.
Friendship-warmth touch involves a hug in
greeting, an arm thrown around the
shoulder of a good friend, or the back
slapping some men use to greet friends
and relatives.
Love-intimacy touch involves tight hugs
and kisses between lovers or close
relatives.
Sexual-arousal touch is used by lovers.
14.
15. Active listening
means refraining from other internal
mental activities and concentrating
exclusively on what the client says.
20. THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION
TECHNIQUES
TCT Examples Rationale
Accepting—
indicating
reception
“Yes.”
“I follow what you
said.”
Nodding
An accepting response
indicates the nurse has
heard and followed the train
of thought. It does not
indicate agreement but is
nonjudgmental. Facial
expression, tone of voice, and
so forth also must convey
acceptance or the words will
lose their meaning.
21. Broad
openings—
allowing
the client to take
the
initiative in
introducing
the topic
“Is there
something you’d
like to talk
about?”
“Where would
you like to
begin?”
Broad openings make
explicit that the client has
the lead in the interaction.
For the client who is
hesitant about talking,
broad openings may
stimulate him or her to take
the initiative.
Consensual
validation—
searching for
mutual
understanding,
for accord
in the meaning
of the
words
“Tell me whether
my
understanding
of it agrees with
yours.”
“Are you using
this word to
convey that . . .
?”
For verbal communication
to be meaningful, it is
essential that the words
being used have the
same meaning for both (all)
participants.
Sometimes words, phrases,
or slang terms
have different meanings
and can be easily
misunderstood.
22. Encouraging
comparison—
asking that
similarities
and differences
be noted
“Was it
something like . .
. ?”
“Have you had
similar
experiences?”
Comparing ideas,
experiences, or relationships
brings out many recurring
themes. The client
benefits from making these
comparisons
because he or she might
recall past coping
strategies that were
effective or remember
that he or she has survived a
similar situation
Encouraging
description of
perceptions—
asking the
client to
verbalize what
he
or she perceives
“Tell me when
you feel
anxious.”
“What is
happening?”
“What does the
voice seem
to be saying?”
Encouraging the client to
describe ideas fully may
relieve the tension the client
is feeling, and he or she
might be less likely to take
action on ideas that are
harmful or frightening.
23. Encouraging
expression—
asking client to
appraise the
quality of his or her
experiences
“What are your
feelings in regard to .
. . ?”
“Does this contribute
to your distress?”
consider people and
events in light of his or
her own values. Doing
so encourages the
client to make his or
her own appraisal
rather than accepting
the opinion of others.
Exploring—delving
further into a
subject or idea
“Tell me more about
that.”
“Would you describe
it more fully?”
“What kind of
work?”
help them examine
the issue more fully.
Any problem or
concern can be
better understood if
explored in depth. If
the client expresses an
unwillingness to
Explore a subject,
however, the nurse
must respect his or
her wishes.
24. Focusing—
concentrating
on a single
point
“This point seems
worth
looking at more
closely.”
“Of all the concerns
you’ve mentioned,
which is most
troublesome?”
encourages the client to
concentrate his or her
energies on a single point,
which may prevent a
multitude of factors or
problems from
overwhelming the client. It is
also a useful technique
when a client jumps from
one topic to another.
Formulating a
plan of
action—
asking the
client to
consider kinds
of behavior
likely to be
appropriate
“What could you do
to let your anger out
harmlessly?”
“Next time this comes
up, what might you
do to handle it?”
helpful for the client to plan
in advance what he or she
might do in future similar
situations.
Making definite plans
increases the likelihood
that the client will cope
more effectively in a similar
situation.
25. General leads—
giving
encouragement
to continue
“Go on.”
“And then?”
“Tell me about
it.”
indicate that the nurse is
listening and following what
the client is saying without
taking away the initiative for
the interaction.
Giving
information—
making available
the facts that the
client needs
“My name is .”
“Visiting hours
are . . .”
“My purpose in
being here is .”
Informing the client of facts
increases his or her
knowledge about a topic or
lets the client know
what to expect.
Giving
recognition—
acknowledging,
indicating
awareness
“Good morning,
Mr. S . . .”
“You’ve finished
your list of
things to do.”
“I notice that
you’ve
combed your
hair.”
Greeting the client by name,
indicating awareness
of change, or noting efforts
the client has
made all show that the nurse
recognizes the
client as a person, as an
individual.
26. Making
observations—
verbalizing what the
nurse perceives
“You appear tense.”
“Are you
uncomfortable
when . . . ?”
“I notice that you’re
biting your lip.”
Sometimes clients
cannot verbalize or
make themselves
understood. Or the
client may not be
ready to talk.
Offering self—
making oneself
available
“I’ll sit with you
awhile.”
“I’ll stay here with
you.”
“I’m interested in
what you think.”
The nurse can offer
his or her presence,
interest, and desire
to understand.
Placing event in time
or sequence—
clarifying the
relationship of
events in time
“What seemed to
lead up to . . . ?”
“Was this before or
after . . . ?”
“When did this
happen?”
Putting events in
proper sequence
helps both the
nurse and client to
see them in
perspective.
27. Presenting reality—
offering for
consideration that
which is real
“I see no one else in
the room.”
“That sound was a
car backfiring.”
“Your mother is not
here; I am a nurse.”
When it is obvious
that the client is
misinterpreting
reality, the nurse can
indicate what is real.