The document discusses four major theories of learning: behaviorism, cognitive learning, constructivism, and connectivism. Behaviorism asserts that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning and interaction with the environment. Cognitive learning examines how internal and external factors influence thinking and learning. Constructivism posits that people learn through experiences and making sense of new information based on prior knowledge, often through social interaction. Connectivism proposes that learning happens through sharing ideas in a collaborative peer network.