In finance we spend a lot of time discussing the time value of money
Lets toss that concept on its head and look at the revolution in the monetary value of time and its bumping against the physical limitations of the speed of light
Arbitrage and the Value of Time in FinanceJohn Cousins
Race Against the Machines! The Stock Market is no longer run by humans. It is run by matching engines in computers. The stock exchanges are now server farms and the capital markets have been fragmented. The speed of transactions is now the competitive advantage in trading, only limited by the speed of light. The economic value of time in finance has exploded. Time is truly money.
The tale of high frequency trading HFT and the building of the straight fiber link between Chicago, the Merc, and New York, NYSE, is from the first chapter of Flash Boys by Michael Lewis. I highly recommend this book and all the other books by Mr. Lewis.
Freight Railroading: Growing Our EconomyRPO America
Laura McNichol, Watco Companies, provided this preservation on the role of short line and regional rail in the U.S. freight network during the webinar "Access versus Isolation."
TWCA Annual Convention: Port of Houston Authority, John KennedyTWCA
This document summarizes a presentation given by Port Commissioner John D. Kennedy to the Texas Water Conservation Association Annual Convention on March 3, 2016 about the Port of Houston. It provides a brief history of the port since 1911 and describes its current operations and terminals. Statistics are given showing the port's economic impact in Texas, as the largest port in foreign tonnage and projects handled. The port's growth and infrastructure improvements are discussed to handle future cargo increases due to population growth and industry changes.
Cpec china pakistan economic corridor by-akhtar muhammad usman Wuhan University
China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a $46 billion investment in Pakistan's infrastructure and energy projects. CPEC will connect Kashgar in western China to Gwadar Port in Pakistan via highways, railways, and pipelines spanning 3000km. This corridor will benefit not only China and Pakistan but also neighboring countries by providing the shortest route for trade between Asia, Africa and Europe. Key projects under CPEC include the upgrading of roads and railways, several energy projects providing 10,400MW of electricity, and developing the deep sea port of Gwadar. CPEC is expected to boost both countries' economies and make Pakistan a regional trade and transit hub.
The document summarizes the construction progress of the New World Trade Center, also known as the Freedom Tower, between April 2006 and February 2007. Key milestones included pouring 400 cubic yards of concrete for the foundation in November 2006 and installing the first steel beam in December 2006. By February 2007, the footings and foundations were nearly complete. Additional details provided include estimated costs, dimensions, floor count, and plans for the surrounding buildings and memorial.
Tourism and Transportation are inextricably linked. As world tourism increases, additional demands will be placed on the transportation sectors.
Source: C. Goeldner, Z. Cruz
Message me if you want to have a copy of this presentation. Thanks.
The transportation revolution of the early 1800s saw new improvements like steamboats and railroads that dramatically increased the speed and lowered the cost of transporting goods and people. Steamboats enabled expanded trade along waterways, while railroads connected major cities across the eastern US by 1860. This revolutionized commerce by creating a national economy and encouraging population growth and resource extraction. It also accelerated other technological advances like the telegraph, farm equipment, and industrialization.
Arbitrage and the Value of Time in FinanceJohn Cousins
Race Against the Machines! The Stock Market is no longer run by humans. It is run by matching engines in computers. The stock exchanges are now server farms and the capital markets have been fragmented. The speed of transactions is now the competitive advantage in trading, only limited by the speed of light. The economic value of time in finance has exploded. Time is truly money.
The tale of high frequency trading HFT and the building of the straight fiber link between Chicago, the Merc, and New York, NYSE, is from the first chapter of Flash Boys by Michael Lewis. I highly recommend this book and all the other books by Mr. Lewis.
Freight Railroading: Growing Our EconomyRPO America
Laura McNichol, Watco Companies, provided this preservation on the role of short line and regional rail in the U.S. freight network during the webinar "Access versus Isolation."
TWCA Annual Convention: Port of Houston Authority, John KennedyTWCA
This document summarizes a presentation given by Port Commissioner John D. Kennedy to the Texas Water Conservation Association Annual Convention on March 3, 2016 about the Port of Houston. It provides a brief history of the port since 1911 and describes its current operations and terminals. Statistics are given showing the port's economic impact in Texas, as the largest port in foreign tonnage and projects handled. The port's growth and infrastructure improvements are discussed to handle future cargo increases due to population growth and industry changes.
Cpec china pakistan economic corridor by-akhtar muhammad usman Wuhan University
China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a $46 billion investment in Pakistan's infrastructure and energy projects. CPEC will connect Kashgar in western China to Gwadar Port in Pakistan via highways, railways, and pipelines spanning 3000km. This corridor will benefit not only China and Pakistan but also neighboring countries by providing the shortest route for trade between Asia, Africa and Europe. Key projects under CPEC include the upgrading of roads and railways, several energy projects providing 10,400MW of electricity, and developing the deep sea port of Gwadar. CPEC is expected to boost both countries' economies and make Pakistan a regional trade and transit hub.
The document summarizes the construction progress of the New World Trade Center, also known as the Freedom Tower, between April 2006 and February 2007. Key milestones included pouring 400 cubic yards of concrete for the foundation in November 2006 and installing the first steel beam in December 2006. By February 2007, the footings and foundations were nearly complete. Additional details provided include estimated costs, dimensions, floor count, and plans for the surrounding buildings and memorial.
Tourism and Transportation are inextricably linked. As world tourism increases, additional demands will be placed on the transportation sectors.
Source: C. Goeldner, Z. Cruz
Message me if you want to have a copy of this presentation. Thanks.
The transportation revolution of the early 1800s saw new improvements like steamboats and railroads that dramatically increased the speed and lowered the cost of transporting goods and people. Steamboats enabled expanded trade along waterways, while railroads connected major cities across the eastern US by 1860. This revolutionized commerce by creating a national economy and encouraging population growth and resource extraction. It also accelerated other technological advances like the telegraph, farm equipment, and industrialization.
CAPE TO CAIRO AND OTHER AFRICAN JOURNEYS - PresentationMyles Freedman
The document summarizes the history of exploration and development of infrastructure in Africa from the 15th century to present day. It discusses early European explorers who sought to map Africa, particularly discover the source of the Nile River. It then covers later British explorers like Henry Morton Stanley and construction of infrastructure like the Uganda Railway. Finally, it discusses the growth of digital infrastructure across Africa in modern times and vision for increased connectivity driving digital transformation and economic growth on the continent.
By 1880, the United States had become the world's leading producer of goods due to an unlimited labor force from immigration, abundant coal supplies, iron mining, and the discovery of oil. New technologies like the telephone, light bulb, electric power, and Bessemer steel process drove innovation, while railroads connected markets and fueled industrial growth. Major industrialists like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan built vast fortunes in oil, steel, and finance. The railroad industry grew rapidly but also faced scandals and calls for regulation of rates and practices.
Globalization has accelerated the collapse of distance through advances in transportation and communication technology over three waves: 1) 1492 Columbian Exchange, 2) 1865-1970 imperialism and industrialization, and 3) 1970-today integrated global production and finance. While globalization creates connectivity, infrastructure and stability are needed to develop equality as differences remain between the global core and other regions.
Globalization has accelerated the collapse of distance through advances in transportation and communication technology over three waves: 1) 1492 Columbian Exchange, 2) 1865-1970 imperialism and industrialization, and 3) 1970-today integrated global production and finance. While globalization creates connectivity, infrastructure and stability are needed to develop equality as differences remain between the global core and other regions.
The Interstate Highway System is a network of highways spanning 46,000 miles across the United States. It was the largest infrastructure project ever undertaken, moving over 42 billion cubic yards of earth. Though comprising less than 1% of roads, the Interstates carry over 24% of all travel, including 41% of truck traffic. Some key facts: Routes range from 3,020 mile long I-90 to the 12 mile I-73, with I-95 being the most expensive at $8 billion; Texas has the most total Interstate mileage while New York has the most routes; and nearly 25% of the 54,663 bridges were built between 1965-1969, including the highest and longest tunnel.
presentation for NYS GeoCon 2023 on OpenHistoricalMap and examples of Historical Mapping in New York State
The first email address on the final slide is wrong. rwelty@averillpark.net is the correct email.
The transport network in 18th century Britain faced major problems. Roads were poorly maintained mud tracks, and travel between parts of the country took weeks. This negatively impacted industry, trade, and food supply. In response, Britain saw a transport revolution from 1750-1900 through improvements to roads, canals, and the rise of railways. Each new method sped up travel and movement of goods, fueling industrial growth. The complex new network brought both economic benefits and social changes to Britain.
13-2-1 READING REPORT TEMPLATEQuestion 1What are t.docxmoggdede
1
3-2-1 READING REPORT TEMPLATE
Question 1
What are the 3 most important concepts, ideas or issues in the reading?
Briefly explain why you chose them.
Question 2
What are the 2 concepts, ideas or issues in the article that you are having the most difficulty understanding, or that are missing but should have been included?
Briefly explain what you did to correct the situation (e.g. looked up an unfamiliar word or a missing fact), and the result.
Question 3
If you could ask the author1 question, what would it be?
Why is this question important?
Lightly adapted from a Purposeful Reading Report by Geraldine Van Gyn
The Timing of Railway Construction on the Canadian Prairies
Author(s): Frank D. Lewis and David R. Robinson
Source: The Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d'Economique, Vol. 17, No.
2 (May, 1984), pp. 340-352
Published by: Wiley on behalf of the Canadian Economics Association
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/134961
Accessed: 01-03-2017 19:21 UTC
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted
digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about
JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
http://about.jstor.org/terms
Canadian Economics Association, Wiley are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to The Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d'Economique
This content downloaded from 142.104.160.247 on Wed, 01 Mar 2017 19:21:49 UTC
All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
The timing of railway construction
on the Canadian Prairies
FRANK D. LEWISand DAVID R. ROBINSON/
Queen's University
Abstract. It is generally agreed that railways were a prerequisite to the Canadian 'wheat boom.'
In this paper we analyse the timing of railway construction in south-eastern Saskatchewan
during the wheat boom period. A monopoly model is derived in which a railway makes its
construction and pricing decisions on the basis of a rational settler's response function.
Between 1898 and 1906, when the CPR had a monopoly, the model closely predicts freight rates
and the timing of branch line completions. The increase in branch line construction after 1898 is
explained partly by the decline in the railway's operating cost and partly by the Crow's Nest
Pass Agreement. This agreement raised the value of CPR land by setting long-term ceilings on
freight rates.
Le moment approprie pour la construction du chemin defer dans les prairies canadiennes. On
est generalement d'accord pour dire que les chemins de fer ont ete une condition necessaire
pour le boom du ble. Dans ce memoire, les auteurs analysent les decisions quant au moment de
la construction des chemi ...
New York City is the largest city in the United States, located in the state of New York. Over 8 million people live in the five boroughs - Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx, and Staten Island. New York City was first settled by the Dutch in the early 1600s and was later taken over by the British. It has become a global center of business, finance, culture and tourism, with many iconic sites like the Statue of Liberty, Empire State Building, Central Park, Times Square, and Rockefeller Center.
Is there a future for railways in the Maritimes?Marcus Garnet
Railways in the Maritimes face many challenges including collapsing commodity markets, disjointed jurisdictions, shortsighted policies, distorted transportation markets that favor roads over rail, and negative perceptions of rail. However, there are also new opportunities for rail including intermodal freight, commuter rail, transit-oriented development, and using technology like variable tolling and conditional trip apps to make rail more competitive. Advocates need to analyze challenges and opportunities, build partnerships, and inspire people with a vision of how strategic investment in rail could benefit taxpayers and the region's future.
The document discusses various modes of transportation including roadways, waterways, airways, railways, pipelines, cable systems and space transportation. It provides examples of vehicles used for each mode like cars, boats, airplanes, trains, pipelines for liquids/gases, elevators for cable systems and space crafts. It also discusses various transportation authorities and statistics for different transportation infrastructure in countries like India.
In the last few years, we have attempted to reconstruct the Roman transport conditions by modelling travel costs and times with the help of GIS and Network Analysis applications. The main geographical focus of this project was the NE of Hispania. It was necessary devote a significant effort to the gathering, documentation, analysis and digitisation of Roman communications with high precision. With the aim of using these methodology in a much broader geographic frame, the entire Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Britain were analysed with less detailed transport networks . It allows us to discover very interesting patterns. The results of such applications provide us with new information to understand the distribution of commodities, product competition and problems of stagnation in ancient economies such as that of Ancient Rome.
The document summarizes the development of the transcontinental railroad in the United States during the late 1800s. It describes how steam locomotives began replacing other forms of transportation in the 1830s and sparked a rapid expansion of the railroad network across the East. By the 1860s, Congress authorized the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads to connect the existing lines on the East and West coasts. Thousands of workers, including many Irish and Chinese immigrants, worked under difficult conditions to lay the tracks across the plains and Sierra Nevada mountains. The two railroads finally met at Promontory, Utah in 1869, marking the completion of the first transcontinental railroad.
The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869, connecting the Union Pacific Railroad from the east to the Central Pacific Railroad from the west. This unprecedented engineering feat joined the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by rail for the first time. While the railroad was built for national defense and to unite the country, it also made a handful of men immensely wealthy, including Leland Stanford, Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, and Charles Crocker of the Central Pacific, and Thomas Durant of the Union Pacific. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad transformed the United States by enabling rapid population growth in the West, spurring additional rail construction, and symbolizing the vast opportunities available in the newly opened western territories.
This document summarizes multi-modal transportation in North America. It discusses the various modes of transportation in the United States, including roadways (the largest at 60% of transport), railways at 10%, pipelines at 18%, sea transport at 8%, and air transport at 0.1%. Similar summaries are provided for transportation networks and cargo volumes in Alaska, Mexico, and Canada. It also briefly discusses the strategic Panama Canal which connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
In this presentation, we will identify and pay tribute to several of the people who .... been having grand ideas but has never seen them through to completed projects. ... But possess the technical ... the first node on the ARPANET, and the first computer ever on the Internet.
This document summarizes Chicago's history of financial firsts and innovations. It discusses that Chicago was the site of major real estate speculation and booms in the 1830s. It established the first public company focused on infrastructure to provide water supply. Chicago became an important transportation hub with the development of the Illinois and Michigan Canal and was the terminus for the Erie Canal water route. The Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Board of Trade were pioneers in developing futures and options markets. Overall, Chicago attracted risk-taking entrepreneurs and innovated in areas like real estate, infrastructure development, exchanges, and transportation to become a leader in the financial sector.
Transportation is the movement of products from one node in the distribution channel to another.
Types of transportation are explained in detail in the presentation
The document provides a history of the internet from its earliest origins to 2002. It discusses pioneers of the internet like Paul Baran who developed the concept of packet switching networks in the 1960s. Key developments include the creation of ARPANET in the late 1960s, the development of TCP/IP in the early 1970s, and the conversion of ARPANET to this standard in 1983 to form the modern Internet. The Internet saw tremendous growth from the late 1980s onward with the creation of the World Wide Web in 1989. The document pays tribute to many pioneers who contributed foundational ideas and technologies to create the Internet.
The document provides a history of the internet from its earliest origins to the late 1990s. It discusses pioneers like Vannevar Bush who first envisioned advanced information systems, and J.C.R. Licklider who developed the concept of a universal network. Key developments included Paul Baran inventing packet switching in the 1960s, the creation of the ARPANET in 1969, the development of TCP/IP in the 1970s, and the creation of the World Wide Web in the 1980s and 1990s which enabled easy access to hypertext documents and popularized the commercial use of the internet. The document pays tribute to the many scientists and engineers whose innovations were crucial to the creation of the internet.
Criteria for a great marketing book: ideas from psychology, behavioral economics, marketing, advertising, and business about how to influence behavior and buying patterns at the edges of bounded rationality
Leveraging Human experience into Customer experience
CAPE TO CAIRO AND OTHER AFRICAN JOURNEYS - PresentationMyles Freedman
The document summarizes the history of exploration and development of infrastructure in Africa from the 15th century to present day. It discusses early European explorers who sought to map Africa, particularly discover the source of the Nile River. It then covers later British explorers like Henry Morton Stanley and construction of infrastructure like the Uganda Railway. Finally, it discusses the growth of digital infrastructure across Africa in modern times and vision for increased connectivity driving digital transformation and economic growth on the continent.
By 1880, the United States had become the world's leading producer of goods due to an unlimited labor force from immigration, abundant coal supplies, iron mining, and the discovery of oil. New technologies like the telephone, light bulb, electric power, and Bessemer steel process drove innovation, while railroads connected markets and fueled industrial growth. Major industrialists like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan built vast fortunes in oil, steel, and finance. The railroad industry grew rapidly but also faced scandals and calls for regulation of rates and practices.
Globalization has accelerated the collapse of distance through advances in transportation and communication technology over three waves: 1) 1492 Columbian Exchange, 2) 1865-1970 imperialism and industrialization, and 3) 1970-today integrated global production and finance. While globalization creates connectivity, infrastructure and stability are needed to develop equality as differences remain between the global core and other regions.
Globalization has accelerated the collapse of distance through advances in transportation and communication technology over three waves: 1) 1492 Columbian Exchange, 2) 1865-1970 imperialism and industrialization, and 3) 1970-today integrated global production and finance. While globalization creates connectivity, infrastructure and stability are needed to develop equality as differences remain between the global core and other regions.
The Interstate Highway System is a network of highways spanning 46,000 miles across the United States. It was the largest infrastructure project ever undertaken, moving over 42 billion cubic yards of earth. Though comprising less than 1% of roads, the Interstates carry over 24% of all travel, including 41% of truck traffic. Some key facts: Routes range from 3,020 mile long I-90 to the 12 mile I-73, with I-95 being the most expensive at $8 billion; Texas has the most total Interstate mileage while New York has the most routes; and nearly 25% of the 54,663 bridges were built between 1965-1969, including the highest and longest tunnel.
presentation for NYS GeoCon 2023 on OpenHistoricalMap and examples of Historical Mapping in New York State
The first email address on the final slide is wrong. rwelty@averillpark.net is the correct email.
The transport network in 18th century Britain faced major problems. Roads were poorly maintained mud tracks, and travel between parts of the country took weeks. This negatively impacted industry, trade, and food supply. In response, Britain saw a transport revolution from 1750-1900 through improvements to roads, canals, and the rise of railways. Each new method sped up travel and movement of goods, fueling industrial growth. The complex new network brought both economic benefits and social changes to Britain.
13-2-1 READING REPORT TEMPLATEQuestion 1What are t.docxmoggdede
1
3-2-1 READING REPORT TEMPLATE
Question 1
What are the 3 most important concepts, ideas or issues in the reading?
Briefly explain why you chose them.
Question 2
What are the 2 concepts, ideas or issues in the article that you are having the most difficulty understanding, or that are missing but should have been included?
Briefly explain what you did to correct the situation (e.g. looked up an unfamiliar word or a missing fact), and the result.
Question 3
If you could ask the author1 question, what would it be?
Why is this question important?
Lightly adapted from a Purposeful Reading Report by Geraldine Van Gyn
The Timing of Railway Construction on the Canadian Prairies
Author(s): Frank D. Lewis and David R. Robinson
Source: The Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d'Economique, Vol. 17, No.
2 (May, 1984), pp. 340-352
Published by: Wiley on behalf of the Canadian Economics Association
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/134961
Accessed: 01-03-2017 19:21 UTC
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted
digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about
JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
http://about.jstor.org/terms
Canadian Economics Association, Wiley are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to The Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d'Economique
This content downloaded from 142.104.160.247 on Wed, 01 Mar 2017 19:21:49 UTC
All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
The timing of railway construction
on the Canadian Prairies
FRANK D. LEWISand DAVID R. ROBINSON/
Queen's University
Abstract. It is generally agreed that railways were a prerequisite to the Canadian 'wheat boom.'
In this paper we analyse the timing of railway construction in south-eastern Saskatchewan
during the wheat boom period. A monopoly model is derived in which a railway makes its
construction and pricing decisions on the basis of a rational settler's response function.
Between 1898 and 1906, when the CPR had a monopoly, the model closely predicts freight rates
and the timing of branch line completions. The increase in branch line construction after 1898 is
explained partly by the decline in the railway's operating cost and partly by the Crow's Nest
Pass Agreement. This agreement raised the value of CPR land by setting long-term ceilings on
freight rates.
Le moment approprie pour la construction du chemin defer dans les prairies canadiennes. On
est generalement d'accord pour dire que les chemins de fer ont ete une condition necessaire
pour le boom du ble. Dans ce memoire, les auteurs analysent les decisions quant au moment de
la construction des chemi ...
New York City is the largest city in the United States, located in the state of New York. Over 8 million people live in the five boroughs - Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx, and Staten Island. New York City was first settled by the Dutch in the early 1600s and was later taken over by the British. It has become a global center of business, finance, culture and tourism, with many iconic sites like the Statue of Liberty, Empire State Building, Central Park, Times Square, and Rockefeller Center.
Is there a future for railways in the Maritimes?Marcus Garnet
Railways in the Maritimes face many challenges including collapsing commodity markets, disjointed jurisdictions, shortsighted policies, distorted transportation markets that favor roads over rail, and negative perceptions of rail. However, there are also new opportunities for rail including intermodal freight, commuter rail, transit-oriented development, and using technology like variable tolling and conditional trip apps to make rail more competitive. Advocates need to analyze challenges and opportunities, build partnerships, and inspire people with a vision of how strategic investment in rail could benefit taxpayers and the region's future.
The document discusses various modes of transportation including roadways, waterways, airways, railways, pipelines, cable systems and space transportation. It provides examples of vehicles used for each mode like cars, boats, airplanes, trains, pipelines for liquids/gases, elevators for cable systems and space crafts. It also discusses various transportation authorities and statistics for different transportation infrastructure in countries like India.
In the last few years, we have attempted to reconstruct the Roman transport conditions by modelling travel costs and times with the help of GIS and Network Analysis applications. The main geographical focus of this project was the NE of Hispania. It was necessary devote a significant effort to the gathering, documentation, analysis and digitisation of Roman communications with high precision. With the aim of using these methodology in a much broader geographic frame, the entire Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Britain were analysed with less detailed transport networks . It allows us to discover very interesting patterns. The results of such applications provide us with new information to understand the distribution of commodities, product competition and problems of stagnation in ancient economies such as that of Ancient Rome.
The document summarizes the development of the transcontinental railroad in the United States during the late 1800s. It describes how steam locomotives began replacing other forms of transportation in the 1830s and sparked a rapid expansion of the railroad network across the East. By the 1860s, Congress authorized the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads to connect the existing lines on the East and West coasts. Thousands of workers, including many Irish and Chinese immigrants, worked under difficult conditions to lay the tracks across the plains and Sierra Nevada mountains. The two railroads finally met at Promontory, Utah in 1869, marking the completion of the first transcontinental railroad.
The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869, connecting the Union Pacific Railroad from the east to the Central Pacific Railroad from the west. This unprecedented engineering feat joined the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by rail for the first time. While the railroad was built for national defense and to unite the country, it also made a handful of men immensely wealthy, including Leland Stanford, Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, and Charles Crocker of the Central Pacific, and Thomas Durant of the Union Pacific. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad transformed the United States by enabling rapid population growth in the West, spurring additional rail construction, and symbolizing the vast opportunities available in the newly opened western territories.
This document summarizes multi-modal transportation in North America. It discusses the various modes of transportation in the United States, including roadways (the largest at 60% of transport), railways at 10%, pipelines at 18%, sea transport at 8%, and air transport at 0.1%. Similar summaries are provided for transportation networks and cargo volumes in Alaska, Mexico, and Canada. It also briefly discusses the strategic Panama Canal which connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
In this presentation, we will identify and pay tribute to several of the people who .... been having grand ideas but has never seen them through to completed projects. ... But possess the technical ... the first node on the ARPANET, and the first computer ever on the Internet.
This document summarizes Chicago's history of financial firsts and innovations. It discusses that Chicago was the site of major real estate speculation and booms in the 1830s. It established the first public company focused on infrastructure to provide water supply. Chicago became an important transportation hub with the development of the Illinois and Michigan Canal and was the terminus for the Erie Canal water route. The Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Board of Trade were pioneers in developing futures and options markets. Overall, Chicago attracted risk-taking entrepreneurs and innovated in areas like real estate, infrastructure development, exchanges, and transportation to become a leader in the financial sector.
Transportation is the movement of products from one node in the distribution channel to another.
Types of transportation are explained in detail in the presentation
The document provides a history of the internet from its earliest origins to 2002. It discusses pioneers of the internet like Paul Baran who developed the concept of packet switching networks in the 1960s. Key developments include the creation of ARPANET in the late 1960s, the development of TCP/IP in the early 1970s, and the conversion of ARPANET to this standard in 1983 to form the modern Internet. The Internet saw tremendous growth from the late 1980s onward with the creation of the World Wide Web in 1989. The document pays tribute to many pioneers who contributed foundational ideas and technologies to create the Internet.
The document provides a history of the internet from its earliest origins to the late 1990s. It discusses pioneers like Vannevar Bush who first envisioned advanced information systems, and J.C.R. Licklider who developed the concept of a universal network. Key developments included Paul Baran inventing packet switching in the 1960s, the creation of the ARPANET in 1969, the development of TCP/IP in the 1970s, and the creation of the World Wide Web in the 1980s and 1990s which enabled easy access to hypertext documents and popularized the commercial use of the internet. The document pays tribute to the many scientists and engineers whose innovations were crucial to the creation of the internet.
Criteria for a great marketing book: ideas from psychology, behavioral economics, marketing, advertising, and business about how to influence behavior and buying patterns at the edges of bounded rationality
Leveraging Human experience into Customer experience
Creative thinking is a skill that can be developed and improved. Creativity is not just for artists and musicians.
Commercial enterprises need to create new products and services that have value for customers. Innovation and invention require novel ideas. Businesses need to solve problems and overcome obstacles. All solutions to problems start as ideas. These are all creative endeavors.
The Purpose of Economics: lift nine tenths of mankindMBA ASAP
In a Misery of this Sort, admitting some few Lenities, and those too but a few, nine Parts in ten of the whole Race of Mankind drudge through Life.
Edmund Burke, A Vindication of Natural Society, 1756
The new economics have transformed the lives of everyone on the planet!
The notion that the nine parts of mankind could free itself from its age-old fate took hold in the Victorian era in London
It is still spreading.
Negotiating | A Practical and Principled ApproachMBA ASAP
Negotiation is a continuing problem solving process. It’s getting people with both common and conflicting interest to come together to arrange or adjust their future relationship by making a joint decision.
Strategic Management of Healthcare OrganizationsMBA ASAP
Health Care costs have been growing at an unsustainable rate. Reaching an estimated 17.3 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009, according to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), representing the largest one-year increase in history when the nation itself was in the midst of the “great recession.” Predictions are for health care costs to be 19.3 percent of GDP in 2019 (four times the 5.1 percent of GDP in 1960). Despite the high cost of health care, gaps and inequities persisted, leading to health care reform. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), or commonly Affordable Care Act (ACA) is attempting to change the US health care system from a volume-based to a value-based model.
Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. It deals with all aspects of data, including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.
Business statistics is the science of good decision making in the face of uncertainty and is used in many disciplines such as financial analysis, econometrics, auditing, production and operations including six sigma, and marketing research
More and more data is collected as a by-product of doing business and by government agencies.
Managerial Economics | Overview and SummaryMBA ASAP
Managerial economics deals with the application of the economic concepts, theories, tools and methodologies to solve practical problems in a business. It helps the manager in decision making and acts as a link between practice and theory.
Managing Strategic Momentum | Making Strategy WorkMBA ASAP
Strategy is usually viewed as an annual exercise at best, an event that creates a ‘product,' and not a process to be used to actually run the business
Disconnect between Strategy and Tactics
The only legitimate work in an organization is work that contributes to the accomplishment of the strategic plan.
It takes the orchestration of management as well as leadership to perpetuate these capabilities into the future.
Strategy matters even more to entrepreneurs than to established businesses. Yet lean methods for innovation also have a lot of value. The two are not in conflict; rather their reconciliation in the lean strategy process holds out hope for entrepreneurs in organizations of all sizes to become agile, effective innovators.
Any resource-constrained organization needs a strategy that defines boundaries.
Clarifying what is in and what is out of bounds ensures that experimentation is not rampant and is encouraged within those parameters.
It helps firms identify the long-term attractiveness of possible business models or market spaces before testing their feasibility.
By combining strategy and experimentation in such a fashion, all firms can greatly increase the odds of achieving lasting success
is the periodic process of developing a set of steps for an organization to accomplish its mission and vision using strategic thinking.
Putting the pieces of the puzzle together.
provides a sequential, step-by-step process for creating a strategy,
involves periodic group strategic thinking (brainstorming) sessions,
requires data/information, but incorporates consensus and judgment,
establishes organizational focus,
facilitates consistent decision making,
reaches consensus on what is required to fit the organization with the external environment, and
results in a documented strategic plan
Business Models for Writers | Content Creation, Dissemination, and MonetizationMBA ASAP
Content Production Workflow
Or
Enter the Matrix
I would like to share with you ways I have used to build and expand your brand and writer’s platform by creating a personal media ecosystem. Content is King. We all work and aspire to create great content with readers and audiences and fans in mind. We have repositories of content and ideas that can be leveraged and repurposed in different formats across multiple channels to increase awareness and capture new fans and customers. 1,000 true fans can support a sustainable artistic livelihood.
Potential readers have a wide variety of choices in the way they consume and enjoy information and content that begins as writing. You can monetize your writing by getting creative about repurposing your content across a variety of social media and sales channels. A digital first strategy focuses on taking advantage of platforms and partners that are very inexpensive and in many cases costless. Become aware of business model choices that create multiple revenue streams.
I will show you my content production workflow that stems from my writing and forms a matrix of properties that are then promoted and sold in a variety of ways. Leverage computer and web tools for content repurposing and do it all yourself. These ancillary revenue streams and promotional channels can help you support a sustainable creative living.
Strategic Thinking for Competitive AdvantageMBA ASAP
Leaders, similar to great athletes, must simultaneously play the game and observe it as a whole.
Keep perspective and see the big picture – not get lost in the action.
“All enterprises or projects, big or small, begin in the mind's eye; they begin with imagination and with the belief that what is merely an image can one day be made real.”
Vision and a sense of the future
Strategic thinking requires a mindset – a way of thinking or intellectual process that
accepts change,
analyzes the causes and outcomes of change,
attempts to direct an organization's future to capitalize on the changes.
From the Greek στρατηγία stratēgia, "art of troop leader; generalship"
Strategy is a high-level plan to achieve one or more goals under conditions of uncertainty and limited resources.
A comprehensive way to try to pursue political ends, including the threat or actual use of force, in a dialectic of wills in a military conflict, in which both adversaries interact.
Strategy is important because the resources available to achieve these goals are usually limited. Strategy generally involves setting goals, determining actions to achieve the goals, and mobilizing resources to execute the actions. A strategy describes how the ends (goals) will be achieved by the means (resources). Strategy can be intended or can emerge as a pattern of activity as the organization adapts to its environment or competes. It involves activities such as strategic planning and strategic thinking.
A device such as a word or a logo can only be considered a trademark or a service mark if it is distinctive. A distinctive word or logo is one that is capable of distinguishing the goods or services upon which it is used from the goods or services of others. A non-distinctive device is one that merely describes or names a characteristic or quality of the goods or services.
There is a spectrum of trademarks based on their strength. Devices that are fanciful, arbitrary, or suggestive are considered distinctive enough to function as trademarks.
A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a manuscript or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.
A generic trademark, also known as a genericized trademark or proprietary eponym, is a trademark or brand name that, due to its popularity or significance, has become the generic name for, or synonymous with, a general class of product or service, usually against the intentions of the trademark's holder. The process of a product's name becoming genericized is known as genericide.
This document discusses various concepts related to money and banking including different types of monetary standards like the gold standard, bimetallic standard, and fiat currency. It also covers banking topics such as the functions of banks, demand deposits, the fractional banking system, and the multiplier effect. Key banking terms discussed include liquidity, solvency, leverage, and the roles of the FDIC, central banks, and the Federal Reserve.
Economic activity relies on group agreement relative to the value of assets and their prices. When prices rise, people tend to get excited and buy more, bidding prices higher. This is called speculation or irrational exuberance. Values can only defy gravity for so long and when folks begin to realize assets may be over-priced, panic selling brings it all crashing down. Pop.
The crash which usually follows an economic bubble can destroy a large amount of wealth and cause continuing economic malaise.
Here are some of the more infamous bubble bursting events and “adjustments” that have occurred since the industrial revolution and our thinking about economics began.
This ties the earlier threads together and goes on a deeper dive into some of the challenges and issues facing managers and leaders. Now its your turn...
5 Compelling Reasons to Invest in Cryptocurrency NowDaniel
In recent years, cryptocurrencies have emerged as more than just a niche fascination; they have become a transformative force in global finance and technology. Initially propelled by the enigmatic Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies have evolved into a diverse ecosystem of digital assets with the potential to reshape how we perceive and interact with money.
Madhya Pradesh, the "Heart of India," boasts a rich tapestry of culture and heritage, from ancient dynasties to modern developments. Explore its land records, historical landmarks, and vibrant traditions. From agricultural expanses to urban growth, Madhya Pradesh offers a unique blend of the ancient and modern.
Calculation of compliance cost: Veterinary and sanitary control of aquatic bi...Alexander Belyaev
Calculation of compliance cost in the fishing industry of Russia after extended SCM model (Veterinary and sanitary control of aquatic biological resources (ABR) - Preparation of documents, passing expertise)
“Amidst Tempered Optimism” Main economic trends in May 2024 based on the results of the New Monthly Enterprises Survey, #NRES
On 12 June 2024 the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting (IER) held an online event “Economic Trends from a Business Perspective (May 2024)”.
During the event, the results of the 25-th monthly survey of business executives “Ukrainian Business during the war”, which was conducted in May 2024, were presented.
The field stage of the 25-th wave lasted from May 20 to May 31, 2024. In May, 532 companies were surveyed.
The enterprise managers compared the work results in May 2024 with April, assessed the indicators at the time of the survey (May 2024), and gave forecasts for the next two, three, or six months, depending on the question. In certain issues (where indicated), the work results were compared with the pre-war period (before February 24, 2022).
✅ More survey results in the presentation.
✅ Video presentation: https://youtu.be/4ZvsSKd1MzE
Navigating Your Financial Future: Comprehensive Planning with Mike Baumannmikebaumannfinancial
Learn how financial planner Mike Baumann helps individuals and families articulate their financial aspirations and develop tailored plans. This presentation delves into budgeting, investment strategies, retirement planning, tax optimization, and the importance of ongoing plan adjustments.
What Lessons Can New Investors Learn from Newman Leech’s Success?Newman Leech
Newman Leech's success in the real estate industry is based on key lessons and principles, offering practical advice for new investors and serving as a blueprint for building a successful career.
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Government Accounting in Nigeria
Being a Paper Presented at the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) Budget Office Staff at Sojourner Hotel, GRA, Ikeja Lagos on Saturday 8th June, 2024.
The various stages, after the initial invitation has been made to the public ...
The Value of Time
1. The Value of Time
Arbitrage and the Value of Time
2. The Value of Time
• In finance we spend a
lot of time discussing
the time value of
money
• Lets toss that concept
on its head and look at
the revolution in the
monetary value of time
and its bumping against
the physical limitations
of the speed of light
3. Napoleon Semaphore
• Napoleonic semaphore is a system of
conveying information by means of
visual signals, using towers with
pivoting shutters, also known as
blades or paddles.
• Information is encoded by the
position of the mechanical elements;
it is read when the shutter is in a
fixed position.
• The system was invented in 1792 in
France by Claude Chappe, and was
popular in the late eighteenth to
early nineteenth century.
• They were much faster than post
riders for bringing a message over
long distances, and also cheaper in
their long-term operating costs, once
constructed.
4. Speed of Information
• Pony Express
• From April 3, 1860, to
October 1861
• During its 18 months of
operation, it reduced the
time for messages to
travel between
the Atlantic and Pacific co
asts to about 10 days
• vital for tying the new
state of California with
the rest of the United
States.
5. Telegraph
• Morse Code
• The first transcontinental
telegraph completed in 1861 was
a line that connected an existing
network in the eastern United
States to a small network in
California by a link between
Omaha and Carson City via Salt
Lake City.
• It was a milestone in electrical
engineering and in the formation
of the United States of America.
• It served as the only method of
near-instantaneous
communication between the east
and west coasts during the 1860s.
6. Transcontinental Railroad
• 1,907-mile (3,069 km)
contiguous railroad line
constructed in the United
States between 1863 and
1869 west of
the Mississippi and Misso
uri Rivers to connect the
Pacific coast at San
Francisco Bay with the
existing eastern U.S. rail
network at Council Bluffs,
Iowa.
9. Arbitrage
• The simultaneous purchase
and sale of an asset in order
to profit from a difference
in the price. It is a trade that
profits by exploiting price
differences of identical or
similar financial
instruments, on different
markets or in different
forms.
• Trade futures contracts in
Chicago against the present
price of the individual stacks
trading in New York
10. Chicago Mercantile Exchange
• “the Merc"
• Futures Markets
• the Merc trades several
types of financial
instruments: interest
rates, equities, currencies,
and commodities.
• It has the
largest options and futures
contracts open
interest (number of
contracts outstanding) of
any futures exchange in the
world.
11. New York Stock Exchange
• NYSE
• The world clings to an
old mental picture of
the stock market
12. Arbitrage
• Every day thousands of
moments when prices
out of whack
• Sell Future contract for
more than the price of
the stock that
comprised it
• To capture the profit
you had to be FAST to
both markets at once.
13. Fast
• What it means to be
“fast’ changed
• Before 2007 speed of a
trade had human limits
• Human beings worked
on the floor of the
exchanges and trades
had to pass through
them
14. After 2007
• The exchanges simply
stacks of computers in
data centers
• Trade speed no longer
constrained by people.
• Only constraint was
how fast an electronic
signal could travel
between Chicago and
New York
15. Precise Distance
• Between the data
center in Chicago that
housed the Merc and a
data center beside the
Nasdaq’s stock
exchange in Carteret,
New Jersey
16. Fiber Optic Cable
• Speed Limit:
• Speed of Light
• 186,000 miles per
second
• Theoretically possible to
round trip Chicago-NYC
in roughly 12
milliseconds
18. Telecom Carriers
• Verizon
• ATT
• Level 3
• 16-17 milliseconds
• Verizon “Gold Route”
14.65 milliseconds
• Telecom carriers not set
up to understand the
new demand for speed
19. Fortune
• Exploit the
discrepancies between
prices in Chicago and
NYC
• Financial markets had
changed, radically, the
value of a millisecond
20. Straight Line
• Allegheny Mountains
• Western Pennsylvania
• Blue rock: hard
limestone
• Build a $300 million
straight tunnel
21. Selling Speed
• Only valuable to the
extent it is scarce
• What was the degree of
scarcity that would
maximize the line’s
market value?
• How much is it worth to
a single player?
• 25 players?
22. Price & Sell Service
• How to price
• Exploit the
discrepancies between
price Thing A in Chicago
and Thing A in New York
• $20 billion per year
• 400 firms
• only places for 200 of
them on the line
23. Price
• $14 million per year
• Five year contract
• Grand total of $2.8
billion per year
24. The Value of Time
Arbitrage and the Value of Time