The sun, as the center of solar system, is considered to be the richest source of electromagnetic energy mostly heat and light that makes life possible on Earth and elsewhere possibly.

1. Helios
by:
Sir Junaid

2. SUN
Helios in Greeks
Sol in Romans
Our sun is a star located at the center of
our Solar System. It is a huge, spinning ball of
hot gas and nuclear reactions that lights up
the Earth and provides us with heat.

3. THE BIRTH OF THE SUN

4. THE BIRTH OF THE SUN

5. THE SIZE OF THE SUN
The Sun's diameter
is 864,938 miles
(1,391,980 km).
This is almost 10
times larger than
the planet Jupiter
and about 109
times as big as the
Earth.

6. THE SIZE OF THE SUN
As compared to other stars,
however, the Sun is about
average; red giants like
Betelgeuse are about 700 times
bigger than our Sun (and
roughly 50 times as massive).
Betelgeuse is also about 14,000
times brighter than the Sun.
Red supergiants dwarf the Sun.

7. THE MASS OF THE SUN
 The volume of the Sun is
1,299,400 times bigger than
the volume of the Earth;
about 1,300,000 Earths
could fit inside the Sun
 The mass of the sun is
decreasing over time, as
fusion reactions convert
hydrogen into helium,
releasing huge amounts
of energy in the process.
 The Sun's mass is roughly
1.99 x 1030 kg. This is about
333,000 times the mass of
the Earth. The Sun contains
99.8% of all of the mass of
the Solar System.

8. DISTANCE
 PERIHELION
January 2 each year
(91.4 million miles = 147.1
million km).
 APHELION
July 2 each year (94.8
million miles = 152.6 million
km).

9. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN

10. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN
The Core: The SUN’S CORE
temperature is roughly 15
million °C.
At this temperature,
NUCLEAR FUSION
OCCURS, turning four
hydrogen nuclei into a single
helium nucleus plus a LOT of
energy.

11. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN
The Radiative Zone (or
radiation zone): The next
layer out from the core
which emits radiation.
This radiation diffuses
outwards. The
temperature ranges from
one million °C to 15
million °C.

12. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN
The Convective Zone: In
this next layer, photons
continue to make their
way outwards
via convection (towards
lower temperature and
pressure). The
temperature ranges from
one million °C to 6,000 °C.

13. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN
 The Photosphere: This is
the lower atmosphere of
the Sun and the part that
we see (since it emits
light at visible
wavelengths).
 This layer is about 300
miles (500km) thick. The
temperature is about
5,500 °C.

14. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN
 The Chromosphere: This
reddish layer is an area of
rising temperatures. The
temperature ranges from
6,000 °C to 50,000 °C. This
layer is a few thousand
miles (or kilometers)
thick.

15. STRUCTURE OF THE SUN
 The Corona: This is
the outer layer of the
Sun's atmosphere.
The corona extends
for millions of miles
and the temperatures
are tremendous,
reaching one million
°C.

16. SUNSPOTS
 Sunspots are relatively
cool, dark patches on the
sun's surface. They come
in many shapes and sizes;
they often appear in
groups. These spots are
much bigger than
the Earth; they can be
over 10 times the diameter
of the Earths.

17. GRANULES
 GRANULES:
Granules are regions
of the sun where hot
solar material comes
to the solar surface.

18. CORONAL FEATURES
HELMET STREAMERS (bottom left)
POLAR PLUMES (B)
CORONAL HOLES (C)
CORONAL LOOPS (bottom right)

19. SUN
 Nothing is more important to us on
Earth than the Sun. Without the
Sun's heat and light, the Earth
would be a lifeless ball of ice-coated
rock. The Sun warms our seas, stirs
our atmosphere, generates our
weather patterns, and gives energy
to the growing green plants that
provide the food and oxygen for life
on Earth.

20. END
References:
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/sun/sun.shtml
“Exploration- An Introduction to Astronomy” Fourth Edition by Thomas T.
Arny 2006