Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system, has a diameter of 88,729 miles and is primarily composed of gas and liquid. It features a strong internal energy source, at least 14 moons including the geologically active Io and the potentially life-hosting Europa, and a massive storm known as the Great Red Spot. Jupiter's core, vastly more massive than Earth's, experiences extreme pressure and temperature variations, ranging from -230°F at the cloud tops to 43,000°F at the center.

2. Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the
largest on the Solar System, having an equatorial
diameter of 88,729 miles (142,796 km), a mean
distance from the sun of 483.6 million miles (778.3
million km), a period of revolution of 11.86 years, and at
least 14 moons. It is also called Jove, the supreme
deity of the ancient Romans: the god of the heavens
and of weather: Compare Zeus.

3. Size
• Jupiter's mass is more than double that of all
other planets in our solar system combined.
• More than one thousand Earth's inside the
volume of Jupiter.

4. Brightness
• Third brightest object in our night sky.
• Only the Moon and Venus are brighter.

5. Physical Features
• The largest of four gas giants, the other three
are Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
• Composed primarily gas and liquid, and not of
solid matter.
• These gas giants encompass over ninety-nine
percent of our solar system's planetary mass.

6. Orbit and Rotation
• The planets orbit around the sun in a slightly
elleptical pattern.
• It completes one orbit in 4,333 Earth days or about
twelve Earth years.
• Jupiter rotates than any other planet in our solar
system.
• It rotates on its axis once every 9 hours and 56
minutes.

7. Mass and Density
• 318 times larger than Earth.
• Heavier than any other planet.
• Density is relatively low being composed
mostly of 14% Helium and 86% Hydrogen.

9. The Core
• Made of heavier element similar to those of
Earth But 20 to 30 times more massive.
• The core endures massive pressure making it
twice as dense as Earth's core and large
enough for Earth to fit inside of it with room to
spare.

11. The Great Red Spot
• It is a never stopping hurricane.
• At it's widest diameter it is 3 times the size of
Earth.
• Color changes from brick-red to slightly
brown.
• Drifts east and west, always stay the same
distance from the equator.

13. Meteorology
• Between 1997 and 2000 scientists saw 3
white oval merge in Jupiter's southern
hemisphere to form one large storm.
• In 2006 this storm turned from white to brown
red.

14. Red Spot Jr.
• Scientists believe that spot may have turned
red due to its size and strength which lifts its
clouds above those sorrounding them.
• Red Spot Jr. may indicate that Jovian planet's
storm may intensify by means of merger and
growth of nearby storms.
• It may even rival the Great Red Spot one day
in size.

16. Temperature
• At the top of the clouds it's about -230
degrees F.
• The temperature increases as you descend.
• Reaching 70 degrees F with pressures 10
times as great as earth where scientists
speculate life may exists.
• At the center it is 43,000 degrees F which is
hotter than the surface of the sun.

17. Jupiter: A Star?
• Jupiter is the only planet in our solar system
that has its own internal energy source.
• Due to this Jupiter's temperature drops about
a millionth of a Kelvin a year.

18. The Moons
of Jupiter

19. The Moons of Jupiter
• Voyager I and II - Late 80's.
• Galileo probe - Late 90's.
• The four moons are named Io, Europa,
Ganymede and Calisto.
• They are easili visible with a small telescope
or binoculars.

20. Io

21. Io
• 422,000 km from Jupiter. 3,640 km in
diameter.
• Densest of the Galilean Satellites.
• The most geologically active object in our
Solar System. The most prominent surface
feature are active volcanoes.

22. • The atmosphere is thin and made up of
sulfur dioxide. Result of volcanoes.
• Volcanoes have a major effect on
Jupiter's Magnetosphere.
• The interior concists of iron/iron sulfide
core and a rocky mantle.
Io

23. Europa

24. Europa
• 671,000 km from Jupiter. 3,130 km in
diameter.
• The surface consists of any icy crust with
oceans of liquid water underneath.

25. Europa
• Cracks in the surface may be caused the tidal
influence of Jupiter and/or some kind of
tectonic activity.
• There are also the icy equivalent of lava flows
where water spewed through the surface.
• The interior consists of iron/iron sulfide core
and a rocky mantle.

26. Ganymede

27. Ganymede
• 1,070,000 km from Jupiter. 5,270 km in
diameter. It is the largest of the Galilean
moons.
• The scarred surface is thought to be
caused by tectonic activity as well as
erosion

28. Callisto

29. Callisto
• Appearance is very similar to Ganymede
with the exception of more craters and
fewer fault lines.
• No obvious signs of geological activity.
• The interior consists of an ice/rock core
and mantle.

30. Other Moons
• There are 16 major moons (including the 4
Galilean moons).
• 4 of the 16 major moons have retrograde
orbits.
• Since 1997, there have been 47 discovered
by systematic surveys on Earth.
• Around 60 total moons.

31. Possibility of Life
• Due to the presence of oceans of water under
its crust, it is thought that Europa could
possibly develop life.
• Only Earth has water on or near its surface.
• Environment on Europa is hostile compared to
Earth.