The story of palampur village by ankesh bisla
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This document discusses farming and the economy in Palampur village. It explains that farming requires four main factors of production: land, labor, capital, and human capital. It then discusses farming in Palampur specifically, noting that the land is distributed unevenly between large, medium, and small farmers. Small farmers work their own small plots while medium and large farmers hire labor. The document also discusses non-farm activities in Palampur like dairy, small manufacturing, shops, and the growing transport sector.
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The story of village palampur
CBSE NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY GEOGRAPHY ECONOMICS POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS 9 CHAPTER the story of village palampur factors of production farming in palampur non farming activities land labour physical capital fixed capital working capital human capital
The story of village palampur
This document provides an overview of the village of Palampur and its economic activities. It discusses that Palampur has 450 families from different castes engaged in farming, dairy, small manufacturing, transport, and shopkeeping. To increase farm production, farmers practice multiple cropping, growing 3 crops per year. The introduction of modern farming techniques such as irrigation and high-yielding seed varieties has increased wheat yields. However, concerns exist that the overuse of chemical fertilizers and groundwater irrigation may degrade the land over time. The village also has a small number of medium and large landowners, but most families are small or landless farmers.
The story of village Palampur /Economics /class IX
Labor is a necessary factor for agricultural production after land. Small farmers and their families provide the labor required to cultivate their own fields. Medium and large farmers hire additional farm laborers to work on their fields since family labor is not sufficient.
Economics Chapter 1 Notes Class 9
Palampur village has approximately 450 families from various castes. Agriculture is the main occupation, with 75% of people dependent on farming. The village has fairly well developed infrastructure like roads, electricity, schools and health centers. Farming practices have modernized through the use of high yielding seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and irrigation, allowing multiple crops to be grown each year. However, land degradation is a concern due to the impacts of chemical usage and groundwater depletion from tubewells. Aside from farming, some villagers engage in dairy, small manufacturing, shops and transport services.
The story of village palampur with narration
The village of Palampur is located in Uttar Pradesh near the towns of Raiganj and Shahpur. It has over 450 families, with the majority (75%) dependent on farming for their livelihood. Traditional farming involved growing jowar and bajra during the rainy season and wheat during the winter, but the introduction of high-yield varieties and fertilizers in the 1960s dramatically increased yields. However, this has led to issues of declining soil fertility and groundwater levels. Land ownership is unequally distributed, with many landless families and most small landholders cultivating less than 2 hectares. Medium and large landholders cultivate over 2 hectares and hire labor. Non-farm activities include
economics chapter 1 the story of village palampur
The document provides details about the village of Palampur, which is used to introduce concepts of production. It describes Palampur's main economic activities as farming and some non-farm activities. Farming is the primary occupation for 75% of residents and involves growing multiple crops per year using modern farming techniques. Other sections discuss land distribution; the need for labor, capital, and natural resources; sale of surplus crops; and non-farm occupations like dairy, shops, transport and small manufacturing.
The story of village palampur
The document summarizes farming and non-farming activities in Palampur, which has over 450 families. Farming is the main activity, with 75% dependent on agriculture for livelihood. Traditional farming involved growing jowar and bajra in the rainy season and wheat in the winter, but modern techniques have increased wheat yields from 1300kg/hectare traditionally to 3200kg/hectare now. However, increased chemical fertilizer use risks loss of soil fertility and declining groundwater. Land ownership is unequally distributed, with many landless families. Non-farm activities include dairy, small manufacturing, shops, and transport services.
The story of village palampur
The purpose of the story is to introduce some basic concepts relating to production and this we do through a story of a hypothetical village called Palampur.
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The story of village palampur
CBSE NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY GEOGRAPHY ECONOMICS POLITICAL SCIENCE CLASS 9 CHAPTER the story of village palampur factors of production farming in palampur non farming activities land labour physical capital fixed capital working capital human capital
The story of village palampur
This document provides an overview of the village of Palampur and its economic activities. It discusses that Palampur has 450 families from different castes engaged in farming, dairy, small manufacturing, transport, and shopkeeping. To increase farm production, farmers practice multiple cropping, growing 3 crops per year. The introduction of modern farming techniques such as irrigation and high-yielding seed varieties has increased wheat yields. However, concerns exist that the overuse of chemical fertilizers and groundwater irrigation may degrade the land over time. The village also has a small number of medium and large landowners, but most families are small or landless farmers.
The story of village Palampur /Economics /class IX
Labor is a necessary factor for agricultural production after land. Small farmers and their families provide the labor required to cultivate their own fields. Medium and large farmers hire additional farm laborers to work on their fields since family labor is not sufficient.
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Palampur village has approximately 450 families from various castes. Agriculture is the main occupation, with 75% of people dependent on farming. The village has fairly well developed infrastructure like roads, electricity, schools and health centers. Farming practices have modernized through the use of high yielding seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and irrigation, allowing multiple crops to be grown each year. However, land degradation is a concern due to the impacts of chemical usage and groundwater depletion from tubewells. Aside from farming, some villagers engage in dairy, small manufacturing, shops and transport services.
The story of village palampur with narration
The village of Palampur is located in Uttar Pradesh near the towns of Raiganj and Shahpur. It has over 450 families, with the majority (75%) dependent on farming for their livelihood. Traditional farming involved growing jowar and bajra during the rainy season and wheat during the winter, but the introduction of high-yield varieties and fertilizers in the 1960s dramatically increased yields. However, this has led to issues of declining soil fertility and groundwater levels. Land ownership is unequally distributed, with many landless families and most small landholders cultivating less than 2 hectares. Medium and large landholders cultivate over 2 hectares and hire labor. Non-farm activities include
economics chapter 1 the story of village palampur
The document provides details about the village of Palampur, which is used to introduce concepts of production. It describes Palampur's main economic activities as farming and some non-farm activities. Farming is the primary occupation for 75% of residents and involves growing multiple crops per year using modern farming techniques. Other sections discuss land distribution; the need for labor, capital, and natural resources; sale of surplus crops; and non-farm occupations like dairy, shops, transport and small manufacturing.
The story of village palampur
The document summarizes farming and non-farming activities in Palampur, which has over 450 families. Farming is the main activity, with 75% dependent on agriculture for livelihood. Traditional farming involved growing jowar and bajra in the rainy season and wheat in the winter, but modern techniques have increased wheat yields from 1300kg/hectare traditionally to 3200kg/hectare now. However, increased chemical fertilizer use risks loss of soil fertility and declining groundwater. Land ownership is unequally distributed, with many landless families. Non-farm activities include dairy, small manufacturing, shops, and transport services.
The story of village palampur
The purpose of the story is to introduce some basic concepts relating to production and this we do through a story of a hypothetical village called Palampur.
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Palampur is a village that is well connected by roads to nearby towns. It has a population of 450 families from various castes. Most homes have electricity which powers infrastructure like schools, medical clinics, and wells for irrigation. Farming is the main occupation, with 75% of residents depending on it. The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation which increased wheat yields from 1300kg/hectare to 3200kg/hectare. However, this benefits large landowners most, while many small farmers and landless laborers struggle with low yields and debt. Non-farm occupations have also developed in the village.
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Gobind was a farmer in 1960 with 2.25 hectares of largely unirrigated land that he cultivated with his three sons. After Gobind's death, the land was divided among his sons, leaving each with only 0.75 hectare, which is not enough for them to make a living from. Savita is a small farmer who needs a loan to purchase supplies, but must borrow from a larger farmer at a high interest rate of 24% and promise additional work during harvesting season at a low wage. Mishrilal has set up a mechanical sugarcane crushing machine to process sugarcane into jaggery, which he sells for a small profit. Kareem has opened a computer
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Palampur is a village that is well connected by roads to nearby towns. It has a population of 450 families from various castes. Most homes have electricity which powers infrastructure like schools, medical clinics, and wells for irrigation. Farming is the main occupation, with 75% of residents depending on it. The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation which increased wheat yields from 1300kg/hectare to 3200kg/hectare. However, this benefits large landowners most, while many small farmers and landless laborers struggle with low yields and debt. Non-farm occupations have also developed in the village.
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This document provides an overview of the village of Palampur. It describes the village as having approximately 450 families from different castes, with the upper castes owning most of the land. The village relies on farming as its main activity, along with some small-scale manufacturing, dairy, transport, and other limited non-farm activities. It notes infrastructure like schools, electricity, and healthcare facilities. Farm activities require land, labor, and physical capital including tools, machinery, and buildings. Non-farm activities include dairy, small manufacturing, shop keeping, and a growing transport sector.
Agriculture class 8
- Munna Lal is a small farmer in Adilabad village in India with 1.5 hectares of land.
- He grows at least two crops per year like wheat, rice, and pulses using high yielding seed varieties purchased from the market.
- While some farmers still use bullocks, Munna Lal rents a tractor for ploughing. He also rents a tubewell for irrigation.
- In addition to crops, he raises a few buffaloes and hens, selling their milk and eggs through a cooperative store. The cooperative advises him on animal fodder and health.
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The Story of Village Palampur Class 9 Free Study Material PDF
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agriculture ppt for class 10 cbse gegraphy textbook
agriculture ppt for class 10 cbse gegraphy textbook
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Economy NCERT 9th Class: Ch 3 poverty as a callenge
The document discusses poverty in India. It defines poverty as not having enough income to afford basic necessities. The poverty line is defined as the minimum income required to meet basic needs and is calculated differently in rural and urban areas of India. The document also discusses global and interstate poverty trends and measures taken by the Indian government to alleviate poverty such as job guarantee programs and food security programs. The ongoing challenges of providing healthcare, education, job security and dignity for all are also mentioned.
Economy NCERT 9th Class: Ch 2 people as a resource
This document discusses how population can be an asset or liability depending on education and health levels. It emphasizes that educating and providing healthcare to the population transforms them into valuable human capital that increases productivity and economic growth. Key institutions like educational institutes and health institutions help achieve this transformation through various programs. The document also discusses why education and health of citizens are so important for economic development and growth of a nation.
Lecture 1-historical-background
The document summarizes the key developments in the constitutional history of India under British rule from 1773 to 1947. It discusses acts and reforms that gradually increased Indian representation and self-governance, such as the Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act of 1784, Charter Act of 1833, Government of India Acts of 1858, 1909, 1919 and 1935, and finally the India Independence Act of 1947 which ended British rule. It also provides details on the composition and functioning of the Constituent Assembly established in 1946 to draft the Constitution of independent India.
Lecture 2 introduction to indian constitution
The document provides an overview of the Indian Constitution including:
1) It outlines the various parts and schedules of the Constitution, noting there are 22 parts and 12 schedules dealing with topics such as fundamental rights, the union and state governments, emergency provisions, and more.
2) It discusses features of the Indian Constitution such as being the world's longest written constitution, borrowing elements from other countries like Britain, the US, and Ireland while being adapted to Indian conditions, and having both rigid and flexible aspects.
3) It examines aspects like whether India has a federal or unitary system, parliamentary vs presidential systems, and the basic structure doctrine established by the Supreme Court to limit parliamentary amendment powers.
Lecture 3 preamble
This document provides an overview and analysis of key aspects of the Preamble to the Indian Constitution. It discusses how the Preamble establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and aims to secure justice, liberty, equality and fraternity for its citizens. Key points covered include:
- The Preamble was drafted based on the Objective Resolution and reflects the vision of India's founding fathers. It establishes the core philosophy and values of the Constitution.
- Key terms like sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, and republic are analyzed in the context of India's governance system.
- The Preamble aims to secure social, economic and political justice, liberty of thought and worship, equality of status and opportunity
Lecture 4 union and its territory
- Article 1 establishes India as a union of states rather than a federation, meaning states do not have the right to secede from the union.
- Article 2 gives Parliament the power to admit new states into the union or establish new states on terms it sees fit. This is how states like Goa were acquired.
- Article 3 allows Parliament to reorganize states by changing boundaries, merging states, or splitting states, but requires Presidential recommendation and consultation with state legislatures. This article means the union can alter states but states cannot alter the union.
Lecture 5 citizenship
This document discusses citizenship provisions in the Indian Constitution. It outlines the key citizenship acquisition methods at the commencement of the Constitution, including birth within Indian territory, having a parent born in India, or residing in India for at least 5 years. It also discusses citizenship for those who migrated between India and Pakistan. The Citizenship Act of 1955 and its amendments provide further details on acquiring and losing citizenship by birth, descent, registration, naturalization, or territory incorporation. Gaining Indian citizenship provides important constitutional rights and benefits related to non-discrimination, employment, freedoms of speech and movement, minority rights, voting, and eligibility for public offices.
Lecture 7 fundamental rights 2
This document provides an overview of key articles related to fundamental rights in the Indian constitution:
- It outlines the main categories of fundamental rights (right to equality, freedom, against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural/educational rights, and constitutional remedies).
- It describes several important articles, including protections for minorities (Articles 29-30), the now-repealed right to property (Article 31), and the right to constitutional remedies (Article 32).
- It also discusses exceptions to fundamental rights like validations of certain laws and the ability of Parliament to modify rights for armed/police forces. The document serves as a high-level primer on fundamental rights provisions in the Indian constitution.
Lecture 6 fundamental rights
This document provides an overview of Fundamental Rights under the Indian Constitution. It discusses key aspects of Fundamental Rights like their nature as justiciable rights enforceable in courts. It explains important rights like right to equality (Articles 14-18), right to freedom (Articles 19-22), and right against exploitation (Articles 23-24). It also summarizes the scope and exceptions for rights to equality before law (Article 14), prohibition of discrimination (Article 15), and equality of opportunity in public employment (Article 16). The document outlines the role of Supreme Court in safeguarding Fundamental Rights through judicial review.
Lecture 8 dps ps
The document summarizes the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) in the Indian Constitution. Some key points:
- DPSPs resemble the 'Instrument of Instructions' in the 1935 Government of India Act and aim to ensure 'social and economic democracy' and establish a 'welfare state'.
- DPSPs are non-justiciable but courts can use them to examine the validity of laws. They guide the government in framing policies and laws.
- DPSPs incorporate socialist principles like adequate livelihood, equal pay, health protections; Gandhian principles like village panchayats and cottage industries; and liberal principles like uniform civil code and environment protection.
-
Lecture 10 office of indian president
The document provides an overview of the office of the Indian President based on key articles of the Indian Constitution. It discusses that the President is the head of the Union Executive and a part of Parliament. Some key points covered include that the President has a 5-year term, qualifications for election include Indian citizenship and age of 35, and impeachment of a President requires a 2/3 majority in both houses of Parliament. The role of the Vice President to discharge presidential functions in the event of a vacancy or absence is also summarized.
Lecture 9 fundamental duties
Fundamental duties were added to the Indian Constitution in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment on the recommendation of the Swarna Singh Committee. The committee felt that if citizens have rights, they should also have duties. Fundamental duties are principles that Indians should uphold, like abiding by the constitution, cherishing national ideals, upholding national unity and integrity, defending the country, promoting harmony, and protecting the environment. They are non-justiciable but can be enforced through social sanctions and parliamentary law. The duties outline responsibilities for citizens such as respecting the national flag/anthem, renouncing discrimination, valuing heritage, and providing education to children.
Lecture 11 election of the president
The president of India is elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of parliament and all state legislative assemblies. Nominated members and citizens cannot participate in the election. The president is not directly elected to avoid potential conflicts between the president and prime minister if both were popularly elected. The value of each MP and MLA's vote is determined based on the state's population. The election uses proportional representation and a single transferable vote system. In the most recent 2017 election, Ram Nath Kovind was elected as president over Meira Kumar.
E gov
E-governance refers to the use of information and communication technologies by government agencies to improve information and service delivery, encourage citizen participation in the decision-making process, and make government more accountable, transparent and effective. It involves redesigning and transforming internal and external relationships of the public sector organization to better deliver public services and provide access to information. E-governance aims to make the interaction between government and citizens, government and businesses as well as inter-agency relationships faster, more convenient, transparent and less costly.
Anti defection law
- The Anti-Defection Law was inserted into the Indian Constitution in 1985 to prevent political defections. It disqualifies members of a legislature if they change parties or vote against their party's directives.
- It aims to reduce political instability caused by frequent party switching, maintain the balance between an elected member's vote and individual choice, and curb corrupt practices like cash-for-vote. However, it is criticized for restricting freedom of speech of members and showing partiality.
- Reforms proposed include treating resignation same as defection, strengthening internal party democracy, limiting the law's scope to crucial votes, and making the Speaker's role more neutral by involving the Election Commission in defection decisions. Overall,
Article 370 and 35 a
The government has scrapped Article 370 which granted special status to Jammu and Kashmir. The state will now be split into two union territories. Article 35A, which defined permanent residents of J&K, has also been abolished. This brings J&K under the full application of the Indian constitution and allows non-residents to buy property and apply for jobs there. While this aims to integrate J&K into India, it may face security threats from Pakistan and protests in Kashmir.
DBT in fertiliser
The document summarizes India's transition from its older fertilizer subsidy system to a new Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system. Key points:
- The new system transfers 100% subsidy payments to fertilizer companies based on actual sales recorded via Point of Sale devices at retailer shops. Farmers' identities are authenticated using Aadhar or other IDs.
- The pilot program was initially implemented in 17 districts and expanded nationwide. It led to increased authentication rates, faster transactions, and reduced overcharging.
- The expected benefits are increased transparency, reducing "ghost beneficiaries", plugging leakages to save exchequer money, and generating nutrient usage data to optimize soil health.
- However, issues
Draft new education policy 2019
The document summarizes India's draft National Education Policy from 2019. The key points are:
1) The policy aims to transform India into an equitable and vibrant knowledge society by providing high-quality education for all, with a focus on access, equity, quality, affordability, and accountability.
2) It proposes reforms to school and higher education, including strengthening early childhood education, ensuring foundational literacy, integrating vocational education, increasing public funding for education, and consolidating higher education institutions.
3) The draft policy faces challenges in its implementation due to issues around funding, coordination with states, addressing disparities in learning levels, and ensuring quality especially in rural government schools.
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
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◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
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【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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快速办理(美国Fordham毕业证书)福德汉姆大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(美国Fordham毕业证书)福德汉姆大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
在线办理(UMASS毕业证书)马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校毕业证完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UMASS毕业证书)马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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The story of palampur village by ankesh bisla
- 1. What is economy ? The state of a country or region in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services and the supply of money.
- 2. The story of palampur village 9th class Chapter -1
- 3. Organisation of Production The main aim of production is to produce goods and services, which require four essential things. Land and other natural resources such as water, forests, minerals. Labour Physical Capital such as tools, machines, buildings, raw materials and money. A variety of raw materials are required while production, such as the yarn used by the weaver and clay used by the potter. Money is also essential during production and both of them in hand are called working capital. The fourth requirement is knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour and physical capital and produce an output. Factors of production are combining of land, labour, physical capital and human capital.
- 4. Farming in Palampur 1. Land is fixed 2. Is there a way one can grow more from the same land? 3. Will the land sustain? 4. How is land distributed between the farmers of Palampur? 5. Who will provide the labour? 6. Capital needed in farming 7. Sale of Surplus Farm Products
- 6. Is there a way one can grow more from the same land? Multiple Cropping High Yielding Variety Seeds Well Developed Irrigation Electricity For Irrigation
- 7. Will the land sustain? CHEMICAL FERTILISER – AFFECT FERTILITYMODERN FERTILSER – REDUCE GROUNDWATER
- 8. 4. How is land distributed between the farmers of Palampur? In Palampur, about one-third of the 450 families are landless. Dalits have no land for cultivation. 240 families cultivate small plots of land less than 2 hectares in size. In Palampur, there are 60 families of medium and large farmers who cultivate more than 2 hectares of land.
- 9. 5. Who will provide the labour? Small farmers work on there own fields Medium and large farmers hire labourers to cultivate their fields who come either from landless families or families cultivating small plots of land.
- 10. 6. Capital needed in farming Modern farming methods require a great deal of capital. 1. Most small farmers borrow money from large farmers or the village moneylenders or the traders who supply various inputs for cultivation. The rate of interest on such loans is very high. 2. The medium and large farmers have their own savings from farming. They are thus able to arrange for the capital needed.
- 11. 7. Sale of Surplus Farm Products The wheat the farmers produce from the land is retained in part for their family consumption and they sell the surplus wheat. Only the medium and large farmers supply wheat to the market.
- 12. Non-Farm Activities in Palampur 1. Dairy — the other common activity 2. An example of small-scale manufacturing in Palampur 3. The shopkeepers of Palampur 4. Transport: a fast developing sector
- 13. Dairy — the other common activity Other than agriculture, some people are engaged in dairy and the milk is sold in the nearby village.
- 14. An example of small-scale manufacturing in Palampur People are engaged in small-scale manufacturing which are carried out at home or in the fields. This manufacturing involves very simple production methods.
- 15. The shopkeepers of Palampur Traders of Palampur buy various goods from wholesale markets in the cities and sell them in the village. General stores in the village sell a wide range of items like rice, wheat, sugar, tea, oil, biscuits, soap, toothpaste, batteries, candles, notebooks, pen, pencil, even some cloth.
- 16. 4. Transport: a fast developing sector Transport services include rickshaws, tonga, jeep, tractor, truck drivers, traditional bullock cart and bogey. They transport people and goods from one place to another, and in return get paid for it.