This document discusses the significance of Jerusalem to Muslims. It provides several key points of significance: 1. Jerusalem was the first Qibla direction of prayer for Muslims before Makkah. It is one of Islam's three most holy mosques. 2. The Night Journey of the Prophet Muhammad from Makkah to al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem is mentioned in the Quran. 3. Umayyad caliphs strengthened political and religious ties to Jerusalem, establishing it as the capital of Palestine during their rule. Archaeological evidence suggests the city underwent changes but remained under Islamic rule.