This document summarizes the agricultural-led growth theory and its critics. The agricultural-led growth theory proposes that investment in agriculture is necessary for national economic growth, as agriculture provides surplus labor, food, markets, savings, and foreign exchange to support industrialization. However, critics argue that in open economies, high agricultural productivity can squeeze out manufacturing and that trade openness, not agriculture, drives growth by allowing countries to import food and export manufactured goods. Both agriculture and trade are important for economic growth, but agriculture's role decreases as industry increases, and open trade is also a key factor.