The Nazi Party gained popularity in Germany after World War 1 due to feelings of humiliation from the Treaty of Versailles and fears of communist uprisings. In the early 1920s, the Nazi Party used militaristic imagery and rhetoric portraying themselves as protectors of traditional German values to build support. While an attempted coup failed in 1923, Hitler refined the party's strategy in prison to focus on winning elections. After the Great Depression began in 1929, the Nazis capitalized on the economic crisis and weaknesses of the Weimar government to scapegoat others and position themselves as the solution, enabling them to become the largest party by 1933 and allow Hitler to become Chancellor.