The open city
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The document discusses the differences between a "closed city" and an "open city". A closed city is characterized by over-determination through strict rules and fixed building functions that prevent adaptation. An open city follows principles of an open system by exchanging resources and allowing ambiguous boundaries, incomplete building forms, and unsolved development paths. This encourages interaction between communities and more efficient conversion of buildings over time as needs change. The city of the future is envisioned as more open, multi-ethnic, and with a less rigid class structure.
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This document provides an outline for a report on representing a future city. It begins with an introduction describing the mayor's responsibility to solve problems facing the city of "X" and plan for its citizens' future needs. It then reviews definitions of a city and its key elements. Several past and present cities are investigated, focusing on their water systems, geometric shapes, and energy sources. This information is considered for application to the new planned city. The document proposes that the mayor will name the rebuilt city the "Half-Sphere City" as it will be enclosed in a large glass shield for protection from climate disasters.
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This document discusses urban design and reflects on how to build tall buildings while maintaining human scale and culture. It examines challenges facing future cities like overpopulation and aging infrastructure, arguing these are design problems that require creative solutions supporting an open society. The authors advocate for architectural designs that embrace local history and culture to create unique places. They present case studies like Daniel Libeskind's World Trade Center master plan, which balanced commemorating 9/11 while providing hope for New York's future through a memorial and public spaces.
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Spatial planning are often still differentiating strictly between urban and rural development.
This dichotomy and the resulting administrative boundaries do not reflect the realities of highly interconnected areas anymore.
The sheer magnitude of the urban population, haphazard and unplanned growth of urban areas, and a desperate lack of infrastructure are the main causes of socio economic problems related to metropolitan cities.
Where metropolitan-scale planning does occur, it's typically related to “hard policies” such as urban planning, public transport, and infrastructure, leaving “soft policies” such as education, health, and social services fragmented across jurisdictional boundaries.
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The document provides details about the ancient city of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec civilization founded in 1325. It describes the city's layout as built on an island in a lake, with a grid plan and connected to the mainland by three causeways. The center of the city contained large temples and plazas. It highlights the city's advanced water and agricultural systems, including aqueducts, dikes, and floating gardens called chinampas, which allowed the large population to be sustained. The document concludes by noting elements of Tenochtitlan's design that could be applied to the future city, such as its layout and structure centered around a large temple tower.
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New Urbanism is an urban planning movement that promotes walkable, mixed-use communities as an alternative to separation of residential and commercial areas. It arose in the 1980s in response to auto-oriented development and aims to reduce reliance on cars by bringing housing, jobs, and services closer together. New Urbanist neighborhoods feature a range of housing types, interconnected streets, public spaces, and pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure to make communities more sustainable, healthy, and economically vibrant.
future city proposal
This document provides an overview of a student's final project report on representing a future city. It discusses investigating ancient, present and future cities. For the ancient city, it focuses on Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital founded in 1325 which had sophisticated city planning and was a major urban center until conquered by the Spanish. For the present city, it examines Vauban in Germany, a neighborhood built starting in the 1990s as a model of sustainable development on the site of a former military base. The student aims to incorporate elements from these past cities into designing a new future city that is stable, sustainable and suitable for residents.
Oasis report
The document summarizes a proposed future city called Food City in Dubai. It would be an off-grid, self-sufficient metropolis incorporating extensive sustainable urban planning ideas like vertically stacked landscape surfaces, renewable energy systems, and aquatic farms. These initiatives aim to decrease energy use and conserve water through techniques like atmospheric water harvesting, solar desalination, greywater recycling, and hydroponic agriculture. The proposal's goal is to marry landscapes and urbanism to create a model for sustainable, low-energy urban living that could inform future city development.
Ie powerpoint
This document proposes a new city called Bubble City that aims to be ecologically innovative and sustainable. It describes the city's technical aspects, including a main sphere that would be protected from natural disasters and pollution through various mechanisms. It also describes additional spheres that would recreate different climates and connect to the main sphere through public transportation. The document outlines an internal working model for the city, including a new economy without physical currency or advertising, and an education system focused on philosophy, creativity, and lifelong learning. It proposes that the city would manage global integration through an ethical selection process for residents and controlled mobility between the city and outside world, with the goal of expansion to influence more sustainable urban development.
Fp part a - report template
This document presents a report on a proposed new town called Valor Town. It begins with an introduction describing the project requirements to propose a new town layout. It then provides investigations and data collection on ancient, present and future towns. This includes details on the Roman town of Calleva Atrebatum and its grid system, the present German town of Kirchsteigfeld and its open green spaces, and the English town of Ludlow and its eco-park and historic preservation. The document then describes the key characteristics of the new Valor Town, such as its gridiron system, central plaza, parks, and distribution of facilities. It concludes by reflecting on lessons learned about sustainable town planning and layout hierarchies.
Fp part a - report template
This document presents a report on a project to design a new, better livable town. It begins with an introduction to the project requirements and objectives. It then provides investigations and data collection on ancient, present and future towns. This includes details on the Roman town of Calleva Atrebatum and the present town of Kirchsteigfeld, Germany. It also examines the future town of Ludlow, England. Drawing from these case studies, the document then describes the new proposed town of Valor Town. It outlines important characteristics and elements of the new town design, such as a gridiron system, green spaces, and facilities. The conclusion reflects on lessons learned from the project around sustainable town planning and layout.
Fp part a - report template
This document presents a report on the planning and design of a new town called Valor Town. It includes investigations of ancient, present and future towns to inform the design. Ancient Calleva Atrebatum is analyzed for its grid layout and hierarchy. The present German town of Kirchsteigfeld incorporates large green spaces. The future town of Ludlow, England balances heritage and sustainability. Valor Town will apply these lessons, with a gridiron system, central plaza, parks, and green spaces throughout to encourage walking. While more can be improved, the student learned the importance of hierarchy and sustainability in town planning.
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The open city
- 2. ‘’The city everyone wants to live in should be clean and safe, posses efficient public service, be supported by a dynamic economy, provide cultural stimulation, and also do its best to heal society’s division of race, class, and ethnicity.’’ R. Sennett I strongly believe the city of the future will follow some of the cardinal principles of the “open city”, which are mainly sustained by J. Jacobs ( American-Canadian journalist and urbanist) and R. Sennett ( English sociologist).
- 4. What is the closed city? • Cities built in present time • Main features 1. Over-determination: a) Proliferations of rules and regulations disable local innovation and growth and froze cities in time b) As uses change, buildings have to be replaced→ fixed form-function relations make them so difficult to adapt 2. Society as a closed system: zoning isolation→ people live and work in unawareness conditions and there is no information exchange among different zones
- 5. What is the open city? (1) • The city of the future • It is based on the principle of the open system: a process that exchanges material, energy, people, capital, and information with its environment • It allows jerry-built adaptations or additions to existing buildings • It encourages uses of public spaces which do not fit neatly together
- 6. What is the open city? (2) 3 main features 1. Creating ambiguous edges between parts of the city 2. Contriving incomplete forms in buildings 3. Planning for unsolved path of development
- 7. AMBIGUOUS EDGES BOUNDARY VS BORDER • Edges where things end • Edges where different groups interact Boundaries change into borders because community resources are located at the edge between communities. This action allows borders to become porous, so the exchange between different racial, ethnic, or class communities increase. What happens?
- 8. INFORMATION EXCHANGE THROUGH POROUS BORDER MIDDLE CLASS COMMUNITY COMMUNITY RESOURCE POROUS BORDER LOWER CLASS COMMUNITY POROUS BORDER I N F O F L O W F L O W I N F O
- 9. INCOMPLETE FORM • Using the so called light architecture→ an architecture planned so that it can be added to, or more importantly, revised internally in the course of time as the needs of habitation change • Challenge → using new technologies to convert modern tall buildings, which have complex infrastructure and are hard to adapt to new purpose. • Benefits → 1. A more efficient conversion of current buildings allows us to save resources (capital and materials) 2. Cities expand just for increasing population reasons, and not for structural needs, such as: needing of new hospitals, schools, or new residential/shopping areas
- 10. UNSOLVED PATH • Planning in the open city is like using open system in mathematics and the natural world, it embraces non-linear forms of sequence • The planner looks at conflicts and possibilities which each stage of the city developing process should open-up • The city has no more any pre-fixed order, it develops in an irregular way, which makes each zone of it full of many different resources, exploitable from people who differ in social class and/or ethnic group • This kind of evolution stimulate people’s interest. Running always into something unexpected, they become more aware of their environments
- 11. SOLVED VS UNSOLVED STAGE 1 STAGE 3 STAGE2 STAGE 4 STAGE 5 STAGE 5STAGE 3 STAGE 2 STAGE 5 STAGE 4 STAGE 4 STAGE 3 STAGE 2 STAGE 1 POSSIBILITY / CONFLICT URBAN PLAN
- 12. To sum up… 1. The city of the future will be multi-ethnical and with a less strict class structure 2. Buildings will have incomplete forms in order to be converted more easily 3. The development of the city will not be fixed. It will depend on the conflicts and possibilities that planners meet at each stage