The Lynch government and the arms crisis - revision
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The document summarizes key events in Irish politics from 1965 to the early 1970s during the governments of Sean Lemass and Jack Lynch. It describes Fianna Fail being re-elected in 1965 and Lemass resigning in 1966 due to ill health. It then discusses Lynch taking over as leader and the 1969 election, where Fianna Fail used "Red Scare" tactics against the socialist Labour Party. It focuses on the 1970 Arms Crisis, where members of government were accused of plans to import arms for the IRA, resulting in resignations, trials, and divisions within Fianna Fail.
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3) The island of Ireland as a whole had the right to resolve issues without outside interference.
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The document provides background information on the conflict in Northern Ireland known as "The Troubles":
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- The community is divided between mainly Protestant unionists who want to remain in the UK, and mainly Catholic nationalists who want Northern Ireland to join the Republic of Ireland.
- Over 3,000 people have died since the conflict intensified in 1969, making it Europe's second deadliest conflict after Yugoslavia. While often portrayed as religious, the core issues involve nationality and colonialism.
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The American Occupation and The Philippine Commonwealth
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Cawagas, Virgina, and Swee-Hin Toh. Our Nation Our World 5. 2nd ed. Quezon City: Sibs Publishing House, 2014. 1-396.
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Political Science 2 – Comparative Politics - Power Point #6
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Celt4 novid troubles
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I 5 the red scare
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The American Occupation and The Philippine Commonwealth
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- 1. The Lynch Governments • Government, Economy and Society in the Republic of Ireland • 1949-1989
- 2. 1965 General Election • 1965 General Election – “Let Lemass Lead On” • Fine Gael divided between the conservative and liberal wings over their “Just Society” policy • The Labour Party became more socialist in outlook
- 3. 1965 General Election • Result • Fianna Fail 72 seats (+2) • Fine Gael 47 seats (NC) • Labour 22 seats (+6) • C. na Pob. 1 seat (NC) • Independents 2 seats (-4)
- 4. 1916 Anniversary • 1966 – 50th Anniversary of the Easter Rising • DeValera wins Presidential Election by a narrow margin • Lemass has increasing ill-health and resigns in November 1966 • End of an era – changing of the guard
- 5. Lynch Takes over • Potential for a bitter leadership battle in Fianna Fail
- 6. Lynch Takes over • Jack Lynch proposed as a compromise candidate • Lynch defeats Colley by 51 votes to 19 votes
- 7. 1969 General Election • Election Campaign dominated by the Labour Party • “The Seventies will be Socialist” • Labour moves significantly to the Left – rule out coalition with any party • Many people joined including high-profile intellectuals like Conor Cruise O’Brien, Justin Keating, David Thornley. • Fianna Fail used ‘Red Scare’ tactics – portrayed Labour as a communist party and claimed that the LP would take the land off of farmers
- 8. 1969 General Election • ‘Red Scare’ works • Result • Fianna Fail 75 seats (+3) • Fine Gael 50 seats (+3) • Labour 18 seats (-4) • Independents 1 seat (-1) • Crisis in the Labour Party – drops some of its socialist policies and says it will consider coalition in the future
- 9. • Lynch responds to the crisis by making and address to the nation • Blames partition as the root cause of the crisis and criticised the Unionist Government for discriminating against Catholics • ‘cannot stand by’ • British Troops sent to the North Crisis in Northern Ireland
- 10. • Irish government set up a cabinet sub- committee to organise emergency relief and assistance for Catholic areas in the North • Charlie Haughey, Minister for Finance and Neil Blaney, Minister for Agriculture were members • £100,000 was put in a relief fund and Haughey was given control of the money • Both Haughey and Blaney were critical of the approach of Jack Lynch and demanded more action Arms Crisis
- 11. • In October 1969 Capt. James Kelly, an Irish Army Intelligence Officer, met with IRA leaders in Co. Cavan • The meeting was told that £50,000 would be made available to buy weapons for defence of Catholic areas against loyalist attack • Charles Haughey held a meeting with IRA Chief of Staff, Cathal Goulding • Blaney and Kelly were alleged to have made plans to import weapons from Europe to be given to the IRA • Haughey provided the money from the relief fund Arms Crisis
- 12. • In April 1970 the Special Branch reported to Jack Lynch about the plan to import weapons • Lynch did nothing until the leader of Fine Gael, Liam Cosgrave, demanded he take action • On 6 May 1970 Lynch sacked Haughey and Blaney as cabinet ministers • Kevin Boland, Minister for Local Government, resigned in protest • Boland claimed that Lynch knew all along about the plan to import weapons Arms Crisis
- 13. • On 30 May five people were charged with attempting to import weapons • Charles Haughey, Neil Blaney, Capt. James Kelly • John Kelly, Belfast IRA • Albert Luykx, Belgian businessman • On 2 July all charges were dropped against Neil Blaney • The trial of the other four collapsed after the judge was accused of bias Arms Trial
- 14. • In October 1970 a second trial took place • Haughey admitted to arranging customs clearance for the shipment but claimed he didn’t know it was weapons • Jim Gibbons, Minister for Defence claimed Haughey knew all the details of the conspiracy • The co-defendants claimed that the Irish government had sanctioned the import of weapons • The judge commented that either Haughey or Gibbons had committed perjury • All four defendants were cleared of all charges Arms Trial
- 15. • Major political crisis for the government • Caused deep divisions within Fianna Fail • Kevin Boland and Neil Blaney were expelled from FF in 1971 • Boland formed Aontacht Eireann but lost his Dail seat in 1973 • Blaney formed Independent Fianna Fail and was re-elected in subsequent elections • Ind FF held a number of council seats in Donegal and elsewhere and Blaney was elected to the European Parliament in 1979 Impact of Arms Crisis
- 16. • Lynch’s control in Fianna Fail was consolidated • The diary of Secretary of Dept of Justice released in 1995 claimed that Lynch knew more about what happened than he stated publicly • Documents were altered to hide the fact that Capt James Kelly had kept Defence Minister, Jim Gibbons informed about what was happening Legacy of Arms Crisis