The Genocide against Mayan Peoples in Guatemala during the 80s
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The document summarizes the genocide against the Mayan peoples in Guatemala during the civil war from 1960 to 1996. It provides historical context on Guatemala from the 1500s onward and details how the US-backed military government targeted leftist guerilla groups and Mayan villages, resulting in over 160,000 murders, 40,000 disappearances, 600 massacres, and the destruction of 440 villages, forcing over 1 million people into exile. International pressure from figures like Rigoberta Menchú and a UN intervention eventually led to peace accords being signed in 1996.
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3. Major figures in the revolutions included Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, who led independence movements across South America.
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Latin American nations gained independence from Spain in the early 1800s through revolutionary movements led by influential figures like Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín. Discontent with colonial rule had been growing due to resentment of social hierarchies and the influence of Enlightenment ideas. The first successful revolution was in Haiti, led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, who established the first independent black republic. Mexico gained independence after leaders like Miguel Hidalgo and Agustín de Iturbide led revolts against Spanish rule. South American nations established independence under leaders who fought to liberate their nations from Spain and unite them, though unification efforts like Gran Colombia ultimately failed. New nations faced ongoing challenges in building stable
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The document summarizes the independence movements in Latin America from Spanish rule beginning in the early 1800s. It describes how leaders like Simon Bolivar and Miguel Hidalgo led revolutionary armies against Spain, with Bolivar liberating much of northern South America and Hidalgo initiating Mexico's war for independence with his 1810 "Cry of Dolores." By 1821, Mexico had succeeded in gaining its independence, followed by other Latin American countries throwing off Spanish control.
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NCD. — 05. Civil resistance against dictatorships (1974-2014)
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This document provides an overview of the colonial political, social, and economic structures that existed in Latin America under Spanish and Portuguese rule. It then discusses the revolutionary influences, such as the Enlightenment and other revolutions, that prompted independence movements in Latin America. Several independence movements are summarized, including those in Mexico, Haiti, and South America. The establishment of new political entities in the aftermath of independence, such as the First Mexican Empire, is also briefly outlined.
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In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, independence movements arose across Latin America inspired by the American and French Revolutions. In Haiti, Toussaint L'Ouverture led a successful slave rebellion against France in the 1790s, temporarily gaining independence for Haiti. In Spanish colonies, Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín led military campaigns that established independent republics across much of South America in the 1810s-1820s. In Mexico, Miguel Hidalgo initiated an uprising for independence in 1810 that led to the establishment of a Mexican republic in 1821 after victories by other rebel leaders. By the 1840s, most Latin American nations had achieved independence, though political
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五：与学校颁发的相关证件1:1纸质尺寸制定（定期向各大院校毕业生购买最新版本毕,业证成绩单保证您拿到的是鲁昂大学内部最新版本毕业证成绩单微信95270640）
A.为什么留学生需要操作留信认证?
留信认证全称全国留学生信息服务网认证,隶属于北京中科院。①留信认证门槛条件更低,费用更美丽,并且包过,完单周期短,效率高②留信认证虽然不能去国企,但是一般的公司都没有问题,因为国内很多公司连基本的留学生学历认证都不了解。这对于留学生来说,这就比自己光拿一个证书更有说服力,因为留学学历可以在留信网站上进行查询!
B.为什么我们提供的毕业证成绩单具有使用价值？
查询留服认证是国内鉴别留学生海外学历的唯一途径但认证只是个体行为不是所有留学生都操作所以没有办理认证的留学生的学历在国内也是查询不到的他们也仅仅只有一张文凭。所以这时候我们提供的和学校颁发的一模一样的毕业证成绩单就有了使用价值。乌龟和王八贼头贼脑的倒也逗人喜爱日上三竿时山娃总爱窜进自家瓜棚里跟小伙伴们坐着聊天聊着聊着便忍不住往瓜田里逡巡一番抱起一只硕大的西瓜用石刀劈开抑或用拳头砸开每人抱起一大块就啃啃得满嘴满脸猴屁股般的红艳大家一个劲地指着对方吃吃地笑瓜裂得古怪奇形怪状却丝毫不影响瓜味甜丝丝的满嘴生津遍地都是瓜横七竖八的活像掷满了一地的大石块摘走二三只爷爷是断然发现不了的即便发现爷爷也不恼反而教山娃辨认孰熟孰嫩孰甜孰淡水
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- 1. Indigenous Peoples Now The genocide against Mayan peoples in Guatemala
- 3. Guatemala: historical overview Mayan societies Spanisch colony since the early 1500. Independent republic since 1821 1898-1920: Manuel Estrada Cabrera & The United Fruit Co 1954: CIA backed military coup 1960-1996: civil war
- 4. The war (1960-1996) The Guatemalan army controls the country: United States Army Special Forces u. CIA School of the Americas USA support Leftit guerrilla-groups fight against the military: ORPA (Organización del Pueblo en Armas) EGP (Ejército Guatemalteco de los Pobres) => URNG (Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca)
- 5. Human rights during the war The military organizes: “Orejas” PAC Kaibiles 1978 -1982: General Romeo Lucas García 1982-1983: General Efraín Ríos Montt
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- 7. Rigoberta Menchú Tum Testimony Maya-Quiché Nobel Prize for Peace 1992 Rigoberta Menchú (1985): I, Rigoberta Menchú: An Indian Woman in Guatemala.
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- 9. Genocide against the Mayan Peoples of Guatemala 160.000 murdered 40.000 disappeared 600 massacres 440 villages destroyed More than 1.000.000 peoples go into exile