The document discusses the future of clean power generation and solar power in particular. It notes that electricity generation currently relies heavily on coal, which accounts for a large portion of man-made carbon emissions. Solar power could help address this by providing near-zero emissions electricity. Specifically, covering just 1% of the world's desert areas could meet global power demand. However, for solar to succeed on a large scale it needs to achieve lower costs comparable to fossil fuels, provide dispatchable or on-demand power through storage, and have reliability equivalent to fossil fuel plants. The document advocates for policies that can help drive down solar costs and facilitate scaling to meet carbon reduction goals through 2050.
Business Forum: Nuclear & Renewable Energy - Brownsustg
Presentation at the US-Saudi Business Opportunities Forum (Dec 5-7, 2011, Atlanta, GA). Jim Brown, President, Global Sales First Solar, presented at the panel titled, "Nuclear and Renewable Energy: Building Resources for the Future." His presentation was called "Solar PV: A Critical Component of KSA’s Energy Sollution.
Business Forum: Nuclear & Renewable Energy - Brownsustg
Presentation at the US-Saudi Business Opportunities Forum (Dec 5-7, 2011, Atlanta, GA). Jim Brown, President, Global Sales First Solar, presented at the panel titled, "Nuclear and Renewable Energy: Building Resources for the Future." His presentation was called "Solar PV: A Critical Component of KSA’s Energy Sollution.
Jeffrey Brown – Summit Power Group – Texas Clean Energy Project: coal feedsto...Global CCS Institute
Jeffrey Brown, Vice-President, Project Finance, Summit Power Group, presented on the Texas Clean Energy Project’s coal feedstock poly-generation plant with CCUS at the Global CCS Institute's Japanese Members' Meeting held in Tokyo on 8 June 2012
Energy Sec. Jose Rene D. Almendras was the keynote speaker at the April 23, 2012 Energy Forum hosted by the Joint Foreign Chambers. He discussed in detail the Philippines' diversified energy mix and the development plans for energy resources. One of the highlights of his presentation involved a summary of the power situation for Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao as of April 2012.
Renewable and low carbon energy capacity study for the East of Englandcrifcambs
Richard Summers from The Landscape Partnership and Andrew Turton from AECOM shared their findings from work commissioned by the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC) to identify the potential for renewable energy in the East of England. This study highlighted the renewable energy resources for Cambridgeshire.
Presented to Councillors on 28 September 2011.
Renewable Portfolio Standard: a State by State Analysis of the future of the ...bernhardbaumgartner
A State by State analysis of the advancement of the RPS and the future of the solar industry.
Key figures: cost of electricity, breakdown of electricity consumption, RPS targets...
Can solar power work for Minnesota? Yes! A presentation by John Farrell from the Institute for Local Self-Reliance on the potential for solar power to make enormous contributions to Minnesota's electricity system and its economy.
Light and heat from the sun is the most abundant energy source on earth.The solar energy that hits our planet’s surface in one hour is about equal to the amount of energy consumed by all human activities in a year. Moreover, electricity generated by solar power is emission-free and can help mitigate climate change as well as reduce our dependence on finite carbon-based energy sources.
ABB offers a range of solutions that not just help capture the sun’s rays in the most effective manner but also help achieve grid parity.
Abstract: it is known that human body contains rich chemical energy part of which is converted to mechanical energy for the locomotion, so it is ideal to harvest the human kinetic energy to sustainable and clean electrical energy by using a unique electromechanical design fundamentally based on the principle of synchronizing force of each individual and further converted into torque at generator shaft generating electrical energy. Apart from the power generation this design embedded with smart fingerprint sensors on Handles which provides security and recognizes the users of Hugen app and awards Hugen points in their personal Hugen wallet (in the smart phone) which can further be converted into digital money. This IOT feature encourages the people to use Hugen paths located in public spaces.
Jeffrey Brown – Summit Power Group – Texas Clean Energy Project: coal feedsto...Global CCS Institute
Jeffrey Brown, Vice-President, Project Finance, Summit Power Group, presented on the Texas Clean Energy Project’s coal feedstock poly-generation plant with CCUS at the Global CCS Institute's Japanese Members' Meeting held in Tokyo on 8 June 2012
Energy Sec. Jose Rene D. Almendras was the keynote speaker at the April 23, 2012 Energy Forum hosted by the Joint Foreign Chambers. He discussed in detail the Philippines' diversified energy mix and the development plans for energy resources. One of the highlights of his presentation involved a summary of the power situation for Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao as of April 2012.
Renewable and low carbon energy capacity study for the East of Englandcrifcambs
Richard Summers from The Landscape Partnership and Andrew Turton from AECOM shared their findings from work commissioned by the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC) to identify the potential for renewable energy in the East of England. This study highlighted the renewable energy resources for Cambridgeshire.
Presented to Councillors on 28 September 2011.
Renewable Portfolio Standard: a State by State Analysis of the future of the ...bernhardbaumgartner
A State by State analysis of the advancement of the RPS and the future of the solar industry.
Key figures: cost of electricity, breakdown of electricity consumption, RPS targets...
Can solar power work for Minnesota? Yes! A presentation by John Farrell from the Institute for Local Self-Reliance on the potential for solar power to make enormous contributions to Minnesota's electricity system and its economy.
Light and heat from the sun is the most abundant energy source on earth.The solar energy that hits our planet’s surface in one hour is about equal to the amount of energy consumed by all human activities in a year. Moreover, electricity generated by solar power is emission-free and can help mitigate climate change as well as reduce our dependence on finite carbon-based energy sources.
ABB offers a range of solutions that not just help capture the sun’s rays in the most effective manner but also help achieve grid parity.
Abstract: it is known that human body contains rich chemical energy part of which is converted to mechanical energy for the locomotion, so it is ideal to harvest the human kinetic energy to sustainable and clean electrical energy by using a unique electromechanical design fundamentally based on the principle of synchronizing force of each individual and further converted into torque at generator shaft generating electrical energy. Apart from the power generation this design embedded with smart fingerprint sensors on Handles which provides security and recognizes the users of Hugen app and awards Hugen points in their personal Hugen wallet (in the smart phone) which can further be converted into digital money. This IOT feature encourages the people to use Hugen paths located in public spaces.
Power generation and energy - Electricity Issues in IndonesiaGalih Honggo Baskoro
This is a presentation that I made for my boss since he become a keynote speaker in Thermofluid IV National Seminar @ Gajah Mada University. The presentation give a brief discuss about Indonesia’s latest issues on Macro Economic Perspective and Energy issues. It also discuss how technology could take part on solving electricity issues.
Lattice Energy LLC - Adequate reasonably priced dispatchable power generation...Lewis Larsen
Adequate reasonably priced dispatchable power generation is critical for every country’s energy security.
Renewable energy sources sometimes unable to fill total national demand for electric power because they are intermittent. Unusual European weather in December 2016 demonstrated that Germany’s Energiewende (energy transition) as idealistically envisioned by its many supporters may be impractical.
“One cannot simultaneously rely on massive amounts of wind and sunshine, dispense with nuclear power plants, significantly lower the supply of fossil energy, and nevertheless tell people that electricity will definitely be available in the future.” Quoted from article by Heiner Flassbeck, a prominent German economist, that was published on January 10, 2017
It is thus apparent that national energy security, 99+ % grid uptime availability, and reasonably priced electricity for retail consumers could be jeopardized in countries that don’t have adequate dispatchable power generation capacity.
Electricity shortfalls from renewable wind and solar energy sources are today covered by dispatchable fossil fuel and fission power plants --- if fossil fuels and fission are then phased-out, then what will replace them?
Radiation-free ultralow energy neutron reactions (LENRs) could potentially provide an alternative nuclear technology to fission and fusion. While LENRs do use safe ultralow energy neutrons to trigger release of nuclear binding energy (heat) from an enormous array of stable element target fuels, they are radically different from Uranium and Thorium fission reactors that require criticality to operate properly. Unlike fission, LENRs don’t involve multiplicative chain reactions with fuels that in turn release multiple neutrons which then explosively accelerate neutron production --- nuclear runaways are not a risk with LENRs.
D-T fusion reactors like ITER and other similar Tokamaks mainly produce heat by harvesting the kinetic energy of deadly 14.1 MeV energetic neutrons. Consequently, they require massive shielding and containment systems for safe operation and unsurprisingly have enormous costs and unavoidably huge physical size. Given that the Lithium LENR fuel cycle releases nearly 27 MeV versus a total Q-value of 17.6 MeV for the D-T fusion reaction, it is hard to imagine a sound economic argument for spending 100s of billions on commercial fusion reactors if LENR technology were successfully developed and scaled-up as outlined herein.
Lack of hard radiation and radioactive wastes permit downward scalability that could enable future development of revolutionary, compact battery-like portable LENR power sources that can compete directly on $ price/kwh with chemical batteries in many applications including power tools, tablets, and smartphones.
Cummins Power Generation is a world leader in the design and manufacture of power generation equipment, including PowerCommand standby and prime power systems. We also provide single–source warranty, planned maintenance, and round–the–clock emergency service 24 hours a day, seven days a week including back–up power rental through our network of distributors.
Presentation for the award-winning paper of the same name, presented in Power-Gen Asia 2013 by Kari Punnonen, Area BDM, Oil & Gas Business, Wärtsilä Power Plants.
Download the paper at: http://www.wartsila.com/file/Wartsila/en/1278537230339a1267106724867-Small_and_Medium_size_LNG_for_Power_Production_KPunnonen.pdf
A solar tree is a decorative means of producing solar energy and also electricity. It uses multiple no of solar panels which forms the shape of a tree. The panels are arranged in a tree fashion in a tall tower/pole.
TREE stands for
T= TREE GENERATING
R=RENEWABLE
E=ENERGY and
E=ELECTRICITY
This is like a tree in structure and the panels are like leaves of the tree which produces energy.
75
مبادرة
#تواصل_تطوير
المحاضرة الخامسة والسبعون من المبادرة مع
الاستاذ الدكتور / عبدالحكيم حسبو
خبير الطاقة الشمسية وتحلية المياه
بعنوان
(التوجهات العالميه في استخدام الطاقة الشمسية
وآفاق استخدامها في الوطن العربي)
الثامنة والنصف مساء توقيت مكة المكرمة
الأربعاء 28 أكتوبر2020
وذلك عبر تطبيق زووم
Meeting ID: 865 5608 6229
https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZIocu-opj0oGN2-ZhhtesFq-cYJ12sElMn7
علما ان هناك بث مباشر للمحاضرة على وقناة يوتيوب
https://www.youtube.com/user/EEAchannal
للتواصل مع إدارة المبادرة عبر قناة تيليجرام
الرابط
https://t.me/EEAKSA
رابط اللينكدان والمكتبة الالكترونية
www.linkedin.com/company/eeaksa-egyptian-engineers-association/
رابط التسجيل العام للمحاضرات
https://forms.gle/vVmw7L187tiATRPw9
Greener Power for More Electric VehiclesPaul H. Carr
GREENER POWER FOR THE INCREASING NUMBER OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EV)
by Paul H. Carr
Charge EVs at Night
- Electricity demand from 12 PM to 6 AM is very low.
Install PV charging stations for daytime charging.
More electricity by using the waste heat of present generators.
-Coal, nuclear 32% efficient
- Natural gas turbines 44% efficient
Replace carbon emitting coal and gas with nuclear.
Net-Zero CO2 with Nuclear, Hydrogen, & Geothermal Paul H Carr
NET-ZERO CO2 with NUCLEAR, H2, & GEOTHERMAL.
Will these save us by 2050?
The electrolysis of H2O generates Green Hydrogen, H2.
Since 1989, Cold Fusion, the electrolysis of heavy water, fizzled. New fission reactors and Hot Nuclear Fusion could generate green electricity 24/7.
Deep geothermal is poised for a breakout similar to the horizontal drilling that made natural gas cheaper than coal.
Hydrogen & Renewable Energy In The UK : Real Life Case StudiesGavin Harper
A presentation by Gavin D. J. Harper, B.R.A.S.S. Cardiff University, for European Sustainable Energy Week, at an event hosted in Vilnius, European Capital of Culture 2009 by A.T.E.I.K www.ateik.info on the 12th February 2009.
The presentation looks at innovative hydrogen and fuel cell projects in the United Kingdom, looking at the PURE Energy Centre, Shetland; Hjaltland Hydrogen Homes, Shetland; The Hydrogen Office, Methil; Environmental Energy Technology Centre, Yorkshire; Hydrogen and Renewables Integration Project; Beacon Hill; "Island Woking" & Woking Park as well as giving a brief introduction to fuel cell technology, and how it can be used in combined heat and power and tri-generation applications.
El 20 de noviembre se celebró en EOI la jornada "Electrificación del transporte y red eléctrica / Electrification of mobility and the electrical network":
Esta es la ponencia de uno de los reconocidos expertos europeos que analizaron en esta jornada el impacto de la electrificación del transporte en la red eléctrica, tanto en sistemas de distribución centralizada como en los emergentes sistemas distribuidos e inteligentes.
www.eoi.es
Storing energy allows grids to balance the supply and demand. Energy storage systems in commercial use today can be broadly categorized as mechanical, electrical, chemical, biological and thermal.
Professor Prashant Kamat presents how solar energy can meet our future energy demand in his ND Thinks Big talk.
Sponsored by The Hub and CUSE, ND Thinks Big features 10 of Notre Dame’s most exciting and engaging professors sharing the impact of their work in action-packed, accessible 10 minute talks.
Visit our website, KamatLab.com, for the latest news, publications, and research from our group.
Introduction to the Compassionate Systems Framework in SchoolsGlenn Klith Andersen
In education, where interest in social and emotional learning (SEL), mindfulness, and systems thinking is growing, we find both an opportunity and a need to develop models of thinking and teaching that prepare students to better understand and respond to the systems to which these issues belong. We draw from established SEL models, together with developments in the emerging field of complexity science and the study of systems, to establish a framework—what we call a “compassionate systems” framework—for building a cognitive and affective foundation for global citizenship. This framework conceptualizes compassion as an essentially systemic property of mind: to cultivate compassion is to be able to appreciate the systemic forces that influence people’s feelings, thoughts and actions.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Remote sensing and monitoring are changing the mining industry for the better. These are providing innovative solutions to long-standing challenges. Those related to exploration, extraction, and overall environmental management by mining technology companies Odisha. These technologies make use of satellite imaging, aerial photography and sensors to collect data that might be inaccessible or from hazardous locations. With the use of this technology, mining operations are becoming increasingly efficient. Let us gain more insight into the key aspects associated with remote sensing and monitoring when it comes to mining.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
3. “China and India together
account for 79 percent of the
projected increase in world coal
consumption from 2005 to
2030”
EIA
3
4. “At the end of 2005, China had an estimated
299 gigawatts of coal-fired capacity in
operation. To meet the demand for electricity
that is expected to accompany its rapid
economic growth, an additional 735 gigawatts
of coal-fired capacity (net of retirements) is
projected to be brought on line in China by
2030 ”
EIA
4
5. Key Issues
› Electricity : ~40% of man-made CO2
› Coal: largest culprit
› Action needed for 80% reduction by 2050
5
6. What Can Solar Do?
› Solar: near zero-emissions power!
› 1% of world’s desert: meet all power demand
› US: 100 x 100 mile area in Nevada
› India: less than 1% of land area
› Europe: Less than 3% of Morocco’s land
6
7. Scalability: solar
Wind
waves
SOLAR
Gas
OTEC
Oil
BIO
HYDRO
World
energy
Uranium
use
COAL
R. Perez et al.
7
Source: Gerhard Knies, CSP 2008 Barcelona
9. What Must Solar Achieve to Succeed?
› Cost less than fossil fuels
› ($0.10-0.12KWh in 2007 dollars)
› “Dispatchable” generation
› Storage key for intermittent sources
› Reliability and uptime equiv. to fossil fuels
9
10. carbon: irrational policies
Germany: 57% world PV US: 7% world PV
10
Source: Creating a U.S. Market for Solar Energy, by Rhone Resch, President of the Solar Energy Industries Association.
11. carbon: irrational policies
› Solar PV installations in the Bay Area
›Moscone Center vs. San Jose; 20% improvement in isolation!
› Cost of Moscone center PV: $6,222 per KW
› At $0.12KWh, 2.2% return on investment (below inflation!)
› Warner-Lieberman bill
› giving credits away to today’s inefficient technologies!
› Zero-Emission Buildings
› UK estimate (40% higher home building cost)
11
12. carbon: California solar roofs program
› California Million Solar Roofs Program
› $3.3 billion
› Goal: 3,000 MW by 2017
solutions should make a
› California generation capacity (2003) ≈ 61 GW
material impact!
› Best case-scenario – less than 5% of CA capacity!
12
13. Solar Power: PV
› Advantage: distributed power-generation
› Ideal where peak demand = max solar radiation
› Scaling: no storage, no base-load power
› SEIA: Grid parity by 2015 (US)
13
14. Solar Power: Solar Thermal
› Advantage: Base-load power
› thermal storage is key
› Low technical risk, low adoption risk
› California operations since the 1980’s
› Primary risk: Cost per KW of installed capacity
14
17. Storage For Time-shifting
To Storage
Plant Output
From
Direct Solar Storage From
Direct Solar Storage
Direct Solar
6 AM 9 AM 12 PM 3 PM 6 PM 9 PM
17
Time of Day
19. thermal storage is cheap
Heat/Air/Hydro
Electricity
› Flywheel ≈ $4000/kWh › Molten Salt ≈ $45/kWh
› VRB batt ≈ $350-600/kWh › Concrete ≈ $25-45KWh
increased cost of power lower cost of power
› CAES, Pumped Hydro
19
Source: NREL for heat storage (2007), Dr. Doerte Laing, DLR (2008), VRB battery costs from company and Appalachian Power, CAISO estimate
for Flywheel costs (Beacon Power)
20. thermal energy storage
› Commercial Available Today
› Steam Accumulator
› molten salt storage based on nitrate salts
› In Testing
› Solid medium sensible heat storage - concrete storage
› Latent heat - PCM storage
› Combined storage system (concrete/PCM) for
water/steam fluid
› Improved molten salt storage concepts
› Solid media storage for Solar Tower with Air Receiver
20
Source: Doerte Laing , German Aerospace center
21. Policy Needs: Short-Term
› Expansion of technology-neutral RPS’
› More economic than feed-in tariffs
› Stabilization incentive standards
› Low-cost capital availability
› Cost of capital is key determinant of cost
21
22. Policy Needs: Med-Term
› Carbon pricing framework
› Investment in transmission infrastructure
› Focus on regional power transmissions (i.e - DESERTEC)
22
23. Scalability:Land is not (remotely) a constraint
3000 km
world electricity demand
(18,000 TWh/y)
can be produced from
300 x 300 km²
More than 90% of world pp could be served =0.23% of all deserts
by clean power from deserts (DESERTEC.org) ! distributed over “10 000” sites
23
Source: Gerhard Knies, CSP 2008 Barcelona
24. area requirements to power the USA
(150 km)2 of
Nevada covered
with 15% efficient
solar cells could
provide the USA
with electricity
½ as much land
with 30% efficient
turbines
24
Source: J.A. Turner, Science 285 1999, p. 687.
25. the right
: HVDC
encouraging innovation
<
<
<
<
Hydro
Geothermal
Wind
Solar
Biomass
25
25
26. DESERTEC concept for EU-MENA
10,000 GW from solar!
26
Source: Gerhard Knies, Taipei e-parl. + WFC 2008-03-1/2
27. price of power – 2011 and 2013
Carbon Tax
200 O&M Charge (Fixed & Variable)
Solar Peaking Pricing Energy Charge
Capital Charge
150
$/MWh
100
Solar Baseload Pricing
50
0
Gas Peaker Nuclear IGCC CCGT Coal Ausra CLFR Ausra 60%
24% (w/storage)
27
Source: Ausra. All prices are estimated as of April 2008, in 2008$; Carbon tax of $30 is assumed. Ausra CLFR 24% price is as of
2011, and 60% w/storage is in 2013
28. PuG power requirements
Coal Coal Natural Solar Solar Engineered
(PC) IGCC+CCS Nuclear Gas Wind (PV) (CSP) Geothermal
Scalability High CO2 Med** High Low* Low* High High
Storage
High Low High High Low* Low* High High
Reliability
Price Med Med Low-Med Low High High High High
Stability
Carbon Price Low Low High Med High High High High
CSP and EGS meet Utility Needs!
Benefits
Dispatchable Yes Yes Yes** Yes No No Yes Yes
Power
Adoption Ease High Low High** High Low Med High High
Technology Low High Med Low High High Med High
Risk Low Low
*Wind and Solar PV are severely disadvantaged due to the lack of storage – power is available when generated, not when needed, stopping them from serving as base-load power
28
generators
** Nuclear energy is “always on”, generating electricity even when it is not needed (and when prices are negative, such as the middle of night). High decommissioning costs and a lack of
effective waste-disposal are both significant factors in limiting its scalability
32. cost: driving down the cost curve
32
Source: “The Carbon Productivity Challenge”, McKinsey – Original from UC Berkely Energy Resource Group, Navigant Consulting
33. cost: not all technology curves are the same
Cost (Normalized)
Cheapest now Wind not mean
does Coal
cheapest later!
Trajectory Matters!
Solar PV
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
33
34. declining technology cost…
Generations of Solar Photovoltaics…
Crystalline Silicon
Amorphous Silicon
Thin-Film
Thin-Film Multi-Junction
34
35. but tech cost decline isn’t enough…
Total Cost
Cost (Normalized)
Total cost decline is based on relative
proportion of cost “types”…
Construction Cost
Inputs (Feedstock/Land)
Technology Cost
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
35
36. adoption risk - $2,500 nano
… ICE or hydrogen?
…the Chindia test on relevance
36
37. capital formation
› Short Innovation Cycles (3-5 years)
› Not “fusion”; Not “nuclear”; Not CCS
› Mitigate technical AND/OR market risk quickly and cheaply
Private money will flow to
› (technical) - solar thermal
› (market) – corn ethanol
ventures that return investment in
› Investor returns-5 year cycles!
3 at each stage of technology development
› Unsubsidized market competition: 7-10 years
37
38. capital formation: pathway for solar thermal
› 2008: Proof of concept mitigating technology risk
› Costs at $0.16 per KWh
› 2010: Deployment as peaking power (vs. natural gas)
› Costs at $0.12-$0.16 KWh
› Less with low cost loans
› Ongoing tech optimization & storage
› 2013-15: Deployment as base-load (vs. coal)
› Costs at $0.10-$0.12Kwh including storage
› Adoption risk: PUG power, cost
38
Note: All costs in 2006 $
39. optionality: hybrids or biofuels?
100%
0%
% of power from electric sources
% of power from liquid fuel
0%
100%
Tata Nano vs. Honda Hybrid (India)
Time
39
2010: >100X the volume?
40. carbon reduction capacity is key
Growth Offers the Greatest Carbon Reduction Opportunity!
1.9
1.7
1.5
Index (2008 = 1)
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.7
Growth stock
0.5
Replacement of old stock
Improvement of current stock
0.3
2008 2013 2018 2023 2028
40
41. carbon reduction capacity: 10X increase in carbon productivity!
10
9
Carbon Productivity = GDP / Emissions
8
Carbon Productivity Growth Required = 5.6%/yr
7
Less reduction now, but
World GDP Growth
greater capacity to
6
Index (2008 = 1)
respond in the future?
5
4
World GDP Growth = 3.1%/yr
3
2
Emission decrease to 20GT CO2e by 2050 = -2.4%/yr
1
0
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
2005
41
Source: “The Carbon Productivity Challenge”, McKinsey – Original GDP projection from Global Insight through 2037