This document discusses frameworks and approaches for materials and methods in language teaching. It introduces several contexts for English language teaching such as EFL, ESL, EYL, and ESP. Key contextual factors that influence materials and methods are described, including learner characteristics, the teaching setting, and resources. Common types of syllabus organization are outlined such as grammatical, functional-notional, situational, and task-based. The principles of Communicative Language Teaching are discussed, along with its development and implications. The Task-Based Language Teaching approach is also introduced, with its three-phase framework of pre-task, task cycle, and language focus.
Evaluating and Adapting materials, Technology in ELTUNY Pasca PBI-B
This presentation slide is submitted by Amalia Uswatun Khasanah (18716251042), and Fithrotul Khoiriyah (18716251044) in order to fulfill the task requirement of Resource-based learning materials development class.
Evaluating and Adapting materials, Technology in ELTUNY Pasca PBI-B
This presentation slide is submitted by Amalia Uswatun Khasanah (18716251042), and Fithrotul Khoiriyah (18716251044) in order to fulfill the task requirement of Resource-based learning materials development class.
Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT), also known as task-based instruction (TBI), focuses on the use of authentic language and on asking students to do meaningful tasks using the target language. Such tasks can include visiting a doctor, conducting an interview, or calling customer service for help.
The role and design of instructional materialsSovanna Kakk
My name is Sovanna Kak, a lecturer at Unversity. I would like to share my knowledge with all of you. My facebook is Sovanna Kakk and my phone number is 093560021
Having learned about theories of language acquisition and language teaching method, this presentation is about perspective in syllabus design, a typical applied linguistics activity.
Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT), also known as task-based instruction (TBI), focuses on the use of authentic language and on asking students to do meaningful tasks using the target language. Such tasks can include visiting a doctor, conducting an interview, or calling customer service for help.
The role and design of instructional materialsSovanna Kakk
My name is Sovanna Kak, a lecturer at Unversity. I would like to share my knowledge with all of you. My facebook is Sovanna Kakk and my phone number is 093560021
Having learned about theories of language acquisition and language teaching method, this presentation is about perspective in syllabus design, a typical applied linguistics activity.
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presented by : Musfera NV and Awaliawati W. in RBL class.
source: McDonough, J., Shaw,C., & Masuhara ,H.,
(2013) .Materials and methods in ELT. John
Wiley&Son.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
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Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The framework of materials and methods and current approaches to materials and methods
1. The Framework of Materials and
Methods and Current Approaches to
Materials and Methods
ISNAINI SARINASTITI
18716251033
LESTIANA NINDYA PUTRI
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Re-source Based
Learning Materials
Development
3. Introduction: Setting the scene
English language teaching has been diversifying:
• English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
• English as a Second Language (ESL)
• English for Young Learners (EYL)
• English for Specific Purposes (ESP)
• English for Academic Purposes (EAP)
• Content and Language Integrated Learning
(CLIL)
5. Contextual factors: Learners
• Age
• Interests
• Level of proficiency in English
• Aptitude
• Mother tongue
• Academic and educational level
• Attitudes to learning
• Motivation
• Reasons for learning
• Preferred learning styles
• Personality
6. Contextual factors: The setting
• The role of English in the country
• The role of English in the schooland its place in the curriculum
• The teachers
• Management and adinistrations
• Resources availablity
• Support personel
• The number of pupils
• Time
• Physical environment
• The socio-cultural environment
• The tpes of tests used
• Procedures (if any) for monitoring the evaluation
7. The settings
Hedge (2000) :
Social, ducational, pupils and teacher
variables.
Malamah-Thomas (1987:97):
Phsical, temporal, psycho-social,
educational.
9. Key principles of syllabus
organization:
1. Grammatical structures
2. Fuctional-notional
3. Situational
4. Skills based
5. Topic based
6. Task based
10. Two pints that must be briefly made:
1. Most syllabuses are based on a combination
of two or more of the types.
2. The need to distinguish between:
Syllabus Syllabus Inventory
13. Richards and Rodgers (2001: 151)
state that CLT is an ‘approach’ in
the sense that it represents ‘a
diverse set of principles that
reflect a communicative view of
language and language learning
and that can be used to support a
wide variety of classroom
procedures’.
The principles of Communicative Language Teaching are today
widely accepted around the world.
Communicative Language
Teaching (CLT) Approach
14. Communicative Language Teaching Development
1st phase, a primary concern was the need to develop
a syllabus that was compatible with the notion of
communicative competence (Wilkins, 1976).
2nd phase, CLT focused on procedures for identifying
learners’ needs and this resulted in proposals to make
needs analysis an essential component of
communicative methodology (Munby, 1978).
3rd phase, CLT focused on the kinds of classroom
activities that could be used as the basis of a
communicative methodology, such as group work,
task-work, and information gap activities (Prabhu,
1987).
16. Implication 1
Having awareness of communicative
functions helps learners to understand the
fact that communication could break down
if they only focus on linguistic (semantico-
grammatical) meaning and ignore the
intended use of the utterance (i.e. function)
by the speaker.
17. Implication 2
In talking about language function and language form,
there are other dimensions of communication to be
considered if we are to be offered a more complete
picture.
These are:
1. Topics
2. Context or Setting
3. Roles of people who involved
18. Implication 3
The implication here is that
we should concern ourselves
not only with accuracy of
form, but also with
appropriacy in relation to the
context.
19. Implication 4
This implication is referred to the concept of
cohesion and coherence.
‘Cohesion’ is the relationships between
different elements in a text (written or
spoken) are made explicit.
While ‘Coherence’ is about whether the whole
text is ‘makes sense’ or not.
20. Task-Based Approach
‘Tasks are always activities where the
target language is used by the learner
for a communicative purpose . . . in
order to achieve an outcome.’
(J. Willis, 1996).
21. TBL framework has three key
phases:
1.The pre-task phase.
2.The task cycle itself.
3.Language focus.