The Era of “Good” Feelings 1815-1824 The “End” of Party Competition President James Monroe Born April 28, 1758 to a Planter family in Virginia Studied at William and Mary, but left to fight in the Revolutionary War, wounded at Trenton Lawyer Member of the Continental and Confederation Congresses Twice Governor of Virginia Served as Ambassador to France under Jefferson Secretary of State and Secretary of War under Madison Elected nearly unanimously in 1816, and with all but one vote in 1820 The Monroe Doctrine In the 1820s, Spain’s Latin American empire was in revolt and winning independence prompting fears of European intervention In response, President Monroe issues the Monroe Doctrine on December 2, 1823 Written by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, it proclaimed the United States as the protector of the independence of American countries from European interference The United States did not have the power to really enforce it at the time, but Britain was happy to do so Overtime, the Monroe Doctrine became the cornerstone of American foreign policy through the Second World War Election of 1820 The Era of (Not so) Good Feelings Seminole War General Andrew Jackson takes West Florida on his own authority, forcing the Monroe Administration to buy Florida from Spain and renounce claims to Texas to prevent war (The Adams-Onis Treaty) Now that the Republicans were the only party, they divided along the same ideological lines as the old party system: National Republicanism The Market Revolution The Panic of 1819 Slavery The Market Revolution The Cotton Gin Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 Allowed for the mechanical removal of seeds from cotton blooms allowing for the mass production of cotton Gave new life to American slavery Eli Whitney Inventions Interchangeable Parts Lathe Eli Whitney Inventions Drill Mill Steamship Clermont Invented by Robert Fulton in 1807 Invented in the United States Revolutionized sea travel, ships would no longer be bound by the winds and currents. Lowell Mills founded 1823 Erie Canal The National Road US Transportation Network The Effects of an Economy in Transition: Good and Bad The expansion of manufacturing and transportation led to integrated national and regional markets In the North, wage labor replaced the old apprentice system In the South, slavery was given new life due to the cotton gin leading to the creation of a pan-South slave market The first modern industrial downturn: the Panic of 1819 Antebellum Slavery The Development of the Institution of Slavery in the Early Republic At the time of the American Revolution, slavery was a struggling institution Tobacco was no longer a profitable crop for most planters The inherent contradictions between American ideals and slavery were impossible for some to ignore Northern states were outlawing the institution through gradual emancipation The Cotton Gin gave the institution new life and large-scale slave labor was need ...