The document explains that Earth is a complex system composed of interconnected systems called spheres: the geosphere (solid rock), hydrosphere (liquid water), atmosphere (gaseous layer), and biosphere (living organisms). These spheres interact in a continuous cycle of matter and energy, enabling life to thrive on Earth. Each sphere plays a crucial role, with the atmosphere protecting life by regulating temperature and burning up space debris.

1. EARTH
SUBSYSTE
MS

2. What is Earth System?
A system is a group of related
objects or parts that work together to
form a whole.
Earth is a complex system made of
living and non-living things, and
matter and energy continuously cycle
through the smaller systems.

3. THE EARTH
SPHERES

5. What is the
Geosphere
?
The geosphere is
mostly solid, rocky part
of Earth.
It extends from the
center of the Earth to
the surface of the Earth.

7. What is the
Hydrosphere?
The hydrosphere is the part of
Earth that is liquid water.
Oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater,
rain, and water droplets in clouds
are part of the hydrosphere.
Water on Earth is constantly
moving. It even moves into and out
of living things.

8. What is the
Atmosphere?
 The atmosphere is the mixture of mostly
invisible gases that surround Earth.
 The atmosphere is about 78% nitrogen,
21% oxygen, and 1% many other gases.
 It traps some energy from the sun, which
helps keep Earth warm enough for living
things to survive and multiply.
 The atmosphere also causes space
debris to burn up before reaching Earth’s
surface and causing harm.

9. Layers of the Atmosphere

10. What is the Biosphere?
 The biosphere is made up of living
things and the areas of Earth where
they are found.
 Organisms usually need oxygen or
carbon dioxide to carry out life
processes.
 Liquid water, moderate temperatures,
and stable source of energy are also
important for most living things.

11. How do Earth Sphere
interact?
 All of the spheres of Earth
interact as matter and
energy change and cycle
through the system.
 A result of these interactions
is that they make life on
Earth possible.