The Contract And Procurement Management Process

The Contract And Procurement Management Process
Assessment
BSBPMG416 Apply project Procurement procedures Parwinderjeet singh Student ID: UIT 07415
Assessment 1
1.Describe the Contract and procurement management framework as applied to project management
?
The project procurement management processes includes :
1.plan purchases and acquisitions – determining what to purchase or acquire and determining when
and how .
2.plan contracting –documenting products , services and results requirements and identifying sellers.
3.request seller responses –obtaining information ,quotations ,offers or proposals as appropriate
4. select sellers –reviewing offers , choosing among potential sellers and negotiating a written
contract with each seller .
5. contract closure –completing and settling each contract including the resolution of any open items
and closing each contract applicable to the project or a project phase .
2.what are the tools and techniques that might be used in project procurement and contract
management ? provide a description of each tool or technique identified .
There are number of tools and techniques that are used in project procurement and contract
management that are
1. make or buy analysis – the make or buy investigation is a general
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U.s. Procurement And Strategic Sourcing Activities
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
From the late Nineties, a raft of latest e–commerce technologies emerged that aimed to revolutionize
operating practices, replace existing businesses and lead in the production of new business models
(Sinha, I.2000; Barua et al.,2001). Following this growth in use of e–commerce in business–to–
business markets, there has been important adoption of latest supply chain–related technology and
applications by organizations globally. The procurement function has been notably stricken by this
trend with a foretold growth in e–procurement applications covering each transactional shopping for
and strategic sourcing activities (Croom S, 2000). A major contributor behind this development has
been the evolution of the procurement function towards an additional strategic role in supporting
both, company goals and supply chain objectives.
Procurement is a central service provided by a zealous team of executives. It functions at the
interface between the organizations, the external supplier, marketplace and also the organizations'
operational processes (Knudsen D, 2003). This implies that the procurement processes and data have
to be on the market for one or all actors within the supply chain to optimize the advantages of e–
procurement. The applications that inform the e–procurement landscape are designed to alter the
buying cycle, optimize pay, improve methods and progress, support bidding and tendering and
facilitate more practical

Disadvantages Of E-Procurement
E PROCUREMENT
E–acquirement is the business–to–business or business–to–purchaser or business–to–government
buy and offer of supplies, work, and administrations through the Internet and other data and systems
administration frameworks, for example, electronic information exchange and venture asset
arranging.
The e–acquirement esteem chain comprises of indent administration, e–Tendering, e–Auctioning,
seller administration, list administration, Purchase Order Integration, Order Status, Ship Notice, e–
invoicing, e–instalment, and contract administration. Indent administration is the work process
included in the planning of tenders. This part of the quality chain is discretionary, with individual
securing offices characterizing their indenting process. In works ... Show more content on
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The main reason companies have embraced e–procurement is to increase productivity, provide
visibility into day–to–day transactions and make it easier for users to get the supplies that they need.
It has not been an easy road for e–procurement as implementation has its challenges and it has taken
time for business managers and procurement departments to fully accept it. The advantages of e–
procurement are slowly being understood:
Reducing costs
Costs can be reduced by leveraging volume, having structured supplier relationships and by using
system improvements to reduce external spend while improving quality and supplier performance.
E–procurement eliminates paperwork, rework and errors.
Visibility of spend
Centralized tracking of transactions enables full reporting on requisitions, items purchased, orders
processes and payments made. E–procurement advantages extend to ensuring compliance with
existing and established contracts.
Productivity
Internal customers can obtain the items they want from a catalogue of approved items through an
on–line requisition and ordering

Procurement Management Case Study
This concluding chapter summarizes the study, draws appropriate conclusions and makes
Useful recommendations.
5.2 Conclusion
Procurement practices so as to achieve corporate objectives. Scholars in the field of procurement
management describe the subject as important strategic activities that ensure that sufficient materials
and services are available for the smooth operation of a company. Also, procurement now plays a
new role in corporate performance involving value generation, integration and networking,
positioned as a core competency, a driver of business strategy, and enabler of additional business.
Procurement management process has also been explained to include purchase and acquisition
planning, contracting planning, seller response request, seller selection, contract administration, and
contract closure. Procurement management also covers relationship between sellers (or contractors,
subcontractors, vendors, service provider, or suppliers) and buyers (client, customers, purchaser,
service requestors). On the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover the questionnaire technique granted the respondents the necessary flexibility to answer the
questions at their convenient period.
Findings of the study, the objectives of MCIT‟s procurement management practices include:
Strategic procurement management (SPM) at MCIT aims at adding value to each stage of
procurement process i.e. from the demand for goods or services to their acquisition, managing the
logistics process and finally the use and disposal, SPM at MCIT addresses deficiencies in current
practice relating to procurement, contract management, inventory and asset control as well as SPM
ensures uniformity in bid and contract documentation and options and bid and procedure standards.
The study also discovered that the

Competitive Procurement Under Chapter 287
Competitive Procurement under Chapter 287
Section 287.017, F.S. establishes five purchasing categories through which purchases made be made
based upon certain conditions. Any good or service exceeding category two, $35,000, must be
competitively procured unless there is an exemption and justification is provided for use of that
exemption. If a State Term Contract does not offer the good or service required by the Agency, and
sufficient justification is provided, purchases over category two must be made utilized one of the
three competitive procurement methods: the Invitation to Bid, the Request for Proposal, or the
Invitation to Negotiate. According to section 287.057(1)a, an Invitation to Bid is used when the
agency is able to develop specific requirements pertaining to a commodity or group of commodities.
When certain mandatory criteria are met on a pass or fail basis, the award goes to the lowest
responsive bidder. (Section 287.057(1)(a)4). A Request for Proposal is used when the agency can
specifically define the requirements of the group of commodities, or contractual service being
sought and can describe the deliverables. Criteria such as price, prior experience, and the vendor's
project plan, should be weighted and scored by evaluators; unlike the Invitation to Bid, the contract
is not awarded automatically to the responsive bidder with the lowest price, but must be awarded to
the vendor who provides a solution that is "most advantageous to the state,"

Internet Procurement Essay
Internet Procurement In order to understand the Internet Procurement industry, it is necessary to
understand who the key players are and on what competitive dimensions they compete. To facilitate
this understanding, I have put together a SWOT analysis of Oracle, Ariba, and Commerce One, as
well as an analysis using Porter's Five Forces framework. Understanding these three key players is
necessary to understanding the industry and the competitive forces at work.
Ariba and Commerce One both provide a way to easily build an eCommerce community (suppliers
and buyers). Oracle allows for such activity, but appears to have a limited electronic marketplace
(for Internet Procurement) compared with Ariba and Commerce One. Their ... Show more content
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The solution works out of the box with Oracle Applications and is interfaced easily to other ERP or
legacy systems
· Technology to Keep You Ahead of the Competition – Oracle Internet Procurement is a
comprehensive solution built upon proven technologies, with a successful track record in major
global companies. But large companies are not the only ones taking advantage of Oracle's internet–
based procurement solutions. Mid–size firms across all industries are also streamlining their
procurement processes with Oracle
· Support for All Purchases – Oracle Internet Procurement supports production, MRO, service and
administrative purchases on a single procurement backbone–a single solution supporting the
complete procurement process across your enterprise. You won't have to synchronize business rules
or files across multiple systems, or worry about training users on manifold systems. Different types
of buying are supported by the catalogs you make available to your employees. And, when new
software is released, you won't have to worry about integration or maintenance issues. The entire
procurement system is built on one technology and maintained by the same organization–Oracle.
· Oracle knows that

Essay On E Procurement
Definition
E–procurement can be defined as the process of proposal, ordering and payment of material by
means of internet and IT software. Moreover, e procurement is the application of digital technology
to perform contracting, service, transportation and payment through electronic devices. E
procurement is more than the material procurement online. It enables better interaction of supplier
and buyer which includes bids, question and answers.
In Europe, most of the construction industry are practicing e–tendering. E tendering process finds
and selects the supplier. E purchasing is also a part of e procurement. In this process system
complete from finding the product, works, services and utilities to invoicing and payment by
electronic means.
Background
Construction industry is the second largest industry in the USA with $3.4 trillion annually. E
business gained ground globally in every sector. However, it is seen that it has a slower pace in
construction than any other industry. Reduce the construction cost is the main objective of
traditional construction industry along with considering several other factors for instance, quality or
sustainability. But, now the construction industry is maturing, companies are moving towards higher
goal for instance, sustainability and customer satisfaction from the basic of time, quality and cost.
Internet proved the effective and efficient way of communication. Much organization has realized
the importance of e–procurement and spent

Procurement: Purchasing Management Association
Introduction to Procurement
Introduction to Procurement Quiz # 1
True/False (1 mark per question)
1. Competition today is no longer between firms; it is between the supply chains of those firms. True
False 2. There is a definitive and prescriptive set of supply chain measures that applies to all supply
chains. True False 3. The knowledge and skills demanded of today's supply professional is the same
as before. True False 4. The key to the success of any company is the quality of its employees. True
False 5. In quality control, the emphasis has shifted from detecting defects at the time of receipt or
use to prevention early in the materials‐sourcing process. True False 6. A value chain is a subset of
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
supplier evaluation and selection d. demand and supply planning e. cash flow management
5. According to Michael Porter, a firm's _____ is composed of primary and secondary support
activities that can lead to competitive advantage when configured properly. a. supply chain b.
process c. value chain d. marketing channel e. core competency
6. Which of the following is not one of the features of the new model of progressive purchasing? a.
Developing closer relationships with important suppliers. b. Performing due diligence on suppliers
before awarding longer‐term contracts. c. Focusing primarily on price analysis and short term
contracts. d. Conducting worldwide Internet searches for the best sources of supply. e. Participating
with suppliers during product and process development.
© Purchasing Management Association of Canada
Introduction to Procurement 7. Which of the following is not one of the factors driving an emphasis
on supply chain management? a. An increasing emphasis on domestic sourcing due to the longer
lead times and higher levels of pipeline inventories associated with global sourcing. b. The cost and
availability of information resources between entities in the supply chain that allows easy linkages
that eliminate time delays in the network. c. The level of competition in both domestic and
international markets that requires organizations to be fast, agile, and

Finance And Procurement Of The Lexington City Council
Finance and Procurement In 2008, the Lexington City Council (LCC) initiated its first first attempt
to overhaul the procurement and finance infrastructure located in the city of Lexington, NC. When
the overhaul began the primary focus was upon updating very outdated systems that were left over
from the early 1990s. Many believed that significant growth could be achieved by upgrading the
finance, human resources and payroll information technology and communication (ITC) systems.
Not only had technology and services become more advanced and complex, but also the
requirements of the LLC staff had advanced beyond the technology currently being utilized. In,
2009, the leading requirements pursued were:
A more manageable, receptive, unified ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The LLC board of directors requested a comprehensive report of requirements including an
examination of major procedures. Requirements were acknowledged by conducting workshops and
meetings with the most substantial platform users. In order to identify strategic areas for potential
upgrading, flow charts were developed to explain the municipal ITC platform structure. Suppliers
were asked to give precise instructions as to how these requirements would be met and
responsiveness was a key consideration for the issuance of contracts. In addition to responsiveness,
stability, longevity within the industry, technical capacity, track record, future business objectives
and cost were also important considerations. Risk management concerns were key as well and
strategic plans for managing risk were included as part of the whole strategic initiative. In addition
to considering current risk management issues, proper consideration was given to being every
vigilant with regard to future risk.
The major risks considered were:
Insufficient software with complex licensing requirements.
Lack of capable employees.
Scope extension due to ongoing LLC plans.
Insufficient responses to contract offer.
Mismatch between software and end user needs
Difficulty accomplishing the outstanding requirements by modified development or de–scoping.
By 2010, the LCC had put out a Request for Proposal (RFP) and held onsite appointments.

Best Practices From SCM Procurement, And Procurement Systems
Assignment 4: Best Practices from SCM, Procurement, and Procurement Systems Page | 6
Assignment 4: Best Practices from SCM, Procurement, and Procurement Systems
Jason Tunnicliff
BUS437 PROJECT PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
James Marion
February 20, 2018
INTRODUCTION
One time or another, all projects need to go to the market to get the materials, services, expertise,
and any required for the implementation, development, or execution. The way this procurement is
done can have a significant impact on profitability and project success. During the 1990's, many
organizations both public and private adopted the use of supply chain management (SCM). SCM–
related concepts such as continuous replenishment, cycle time reduction, ... Show more content on
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Procurement also is the selecting from a range of options for acquisitions, and in analyzing and
identifying the requirements for the purchasing, negotiating contracts, picking the suppliers, the
creating of strategic alliances with suppliers, or the acting as a liaison between the user and
suppliers. The current state of procurement practice reflects the dynamic interaction between the
opposing forces, leaving the remaining in limbo. The two complementary process is involved in the
procurement is vendor selling and customer buying. The best practice in the procurement process is
the Exchange–Point Analysis. The exchange points highlight the opportunities for the process
integration, which are noted for performance improvement opportunities. The process integration is
to convert critical aspects for the supply chain process and procurement from one based on
commercial norms about markets and current laws to the one that relies upon goal alignment and
trust through the chain of command. The current best practices in industry or government project
management include the belief based operations between vendors and customers (Morris & Pinto,

Procurement Of Procurement Management Process
Every project involves many different processes, tasks, and planning. Each project will involve
some level of procurement risk associated with contracts. The procurement management process
will need to be determined. In order to have a successful team the administrative and behavioral
aspects will need to be addressed. Once these are addressed some team development strategies will
need to be employed to increase the characteristics of an effective team. Once an effective team is
gathered a communication strategy will need to be implemented. All of these piece must align to aid
in the project management process.
Project Procurement Risk In order to complete a project goods and services are required. The project
management process uses procurement in order to obtaining or buying goods and service (Business
Dictionary, 2016). There are many different forms of procurement contracts. Each contract is
associated with a different level of risk, which will need to be examined. The procurement process is
not a one step process, it consist of multiple management steps.
Types of Procurement Contracts Not all procurement contracts are identical, since there are different
types of goods or services being acquired. There are four different types of procurement contracts,
which are Fixed Firm Price (FFP), Fixed Price Plus Incentive (FPPI), Cost Plus Fixed Fee (CPFF),
and Cost Plus Percentage Fee (CPPF) (South University Online, 2016a, para 3). The FFP contract
"provides for

Procurement Trends of 2014 Essay
2014 is another business year to look forward to. Like any fiscal year, the coming year gives
businesses another chance at growth and perhaps, expansion. Although some economic setbacks
happened in 2013, it should not deter entrepreneurs to make best of the coming year.
Some procurement trends are also expected to continue from the previous year. Procurement trends
will likely be the same except for new additions resulting from those incidents that happened within
2013.
Forecasting trends is necessary for any business or industry, whether the enterprise is looking
positive or negative. After all, it gives entrepreneurs the methods and time to think whether they can
adopt the trend for the betterment of their business.
So, sit back and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Risk management. The US shutdown definitely gave its mark on small business owners and how
they procure or do business with the government. The shutdown affected a lot of businesses who
weren't able to receive their compensation in due time. Since the shutdown was unexpected in a
way, it cost businesses money and inconvenient choices like partial shutdown or lay–offs. That
scenario created risk for entrepreneurs who tried to stay afloat or were forced to close. The unsteady
financial stability will prompt entrepreneurs to create a back–up plan to stay open in case another
episode of deadlock happens in Washington.
Of course, not all risks happen in a macro–level. Changes in prices, amount of commodity supply,
availability and other more micro–level incidents can also increase risk for both the business and
procurement.
4. A Big Opportunity: Big Data. Big Data is simple – they are big chunks of information that needed
special databases for them to receive, store, share and analyze information. Big Data is often used
by the government, including procurement since it allows a lot of information to be fed into the
database. In terms of public procurement, big data can help and improve the process in terms of
spend analysis and supplier information. For businesses, big data can be a growing trend since a lot
of information is processed by both the business and the consumer. The business can collect data
from the client's user experience using many avenues

A Brief Report On Strategic Procurement
Introduction
Organisations around the world are increasingly operating in very dynamic business environments.
Among the areas that are being monitored is the way raw materials for production are procured and
how the finished products reach the market and eventually the consumer. This paper will provide a
review of published documents on strategic procurement in organizations by providing a critical
analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of their findings. The paper will present the impacts of the
findings of the reviewed articles on the activities of an organisation that operates in a business to
customer industry. And also a supermarket will be used in this case.
Critical Analysis of Article Findings
Procurement is a collaborative work between the supplier and the client of the products or services
being supplied. This report will take some critical anlysis of article findings such as Razavi et al.
(2016) argued that supply chain relationship is built on trust, communication, interdependence, and
cooperation between the involved parties. The authors have used a model of Structural Equation
Modelling to explain the relationship between the supplier and the customer. Amemba et al. (2013)
sought to explore how public institutions and especially the government can be affected by the
challenges inherent in their procurement practices. Among the challenges identified by the
researchers include ICT adoption, complex procurement process, and ethics and supply relationship

The Procurement Of Ict Goods And Services Essay
Critical Analysis – NSW's procurement of ICT Goods and Services
Introduction
The NSW Government on an estimate spends over $1 Billion on Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) goods and services annually. As a key purchaser for various suppliers, it is in
power to control and dominate over the growth of the ICT industry around Australia. In the past
decade, the NSW Government has made changes to the ICT procurement policy to provide a more
predictable and simplified procurement process.
The ICT Strategic Plan
In 2007, the strategic plan named "People's First– A new direction of ICT in NSW" was developed
by the Government Chief Information Office and NSW Government CIO Executive Council. The
Plan included the Government's priorities for the annual $1 Billion expenditure. However, given the
rapid development of information technology in recent times, this was a fairly late time to release a
crucial document. The strategic plan succeeds in replacing a variety of inconsistent strategies within
departments and agencies in the NSW Government with an aim of creating a co–ordinated
government–wide approach to expenditure, allocation of resources and planning. It also redirects the
spending away from infrastructure such as emails, financial and payroll systems and promotes a
more modern approach.
Legislative Frame work
NSW government departments, statutory authorities and other government agencies comes under
NSW public services. The NSW public service receive all goods,

Procurement Management Approach For Human Procurement
Process
Procurement Management Approach
No plans have been made to update this document unless the scope of the installation of Roof
Membrane changes or any significant changes in APEX procuring processes are made. The Project
Manager will notify any change to the project team members verbally and by email.
Procurement Process
APEX Sustainable Engineering Solutions uses a proven system to procure equipment, materials and
services to meet the contractual requirements. Our employees work in cross functional teams to
perfume multiple tasks that minimize the supplier response time and queue. The result produced
through this is accurate, fast and cost–effective procurement process.
Documents, Policies and Procedures
The APEX procurement process ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Evaluating and monitoring suppliers to ensure performance of schedule and cost.
Evaluating Lease versus purchase requirements and negotiating all the options available.
Preparing Procurement Documents for Each Stage
Identifications of the equipment, materials and services.
Soliciting bid to suppliers and ensuring the high level of competitiveness.
Receiving quotations, reviewing for quantity and other discounts and while the purchase order is
negotiated.
Dealing with Supplier administrator to define requirements, Statements of Work and other required
specifications.
Awarding contracts. (Supplier Agreements, including APEX agreements, i.e. Fixed Price Contracts)
When generating requisition to be approved. Orders are not placed without appropriate
authorization. Requisition of goods and services must be approved by the Project Manager or an
Authorized Representative.
When there is any changes to the purchase orders. The purchase orders are controlled by supply
chain management and documented in the respective procurement folder.
When receiving material/service from the supplier.
When inspection is performed as required.
When receiving Invoice from the supplier.
Note that all purchase orders which are 25K CAD and over must contain procurement
documentation checklist (Procurement Doc checklist – PDC–329) to ensure that all the areas and

Procurement Essay
3. A new computer system to replace the current HW and SW suites used in the Accounting
Department with approximately 300 people
Negotiated procurement – works best for large purchases i.e., equipment, land, or buildings.
Companies require negotiation as part of the process in order to lower the cost of the assets as much
as possible. This method will often need different competencies from the procurement office.
The technology industry typically negotiated procurement process. During the negotiated
procurement process, no one can get from the government, a contractor's technical solution,
including the unique technology, if this happens would compromise the contractor's intellectual
property. Since the company's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The government must then conduct market research, once this is completed the government then
sends out a draft or final documents. The government then conducts a bidders conference to
determine the level of competition and to understand any contractor concerns. Throughout the
procurement process, the government receives questions from companies and answers the industry
questions. The government prepares for receipt of company proposals by coordinating logistics,
evaluators and schedule. Each evaluator receives company proposals, and evaluation. If there are
any deficiencies that the evaluator finds in the proposals, the company sends over clarifications to
the evaluator. The evaluation team begins the evaluation of the companies price proposals. The
government will then make a competitive range determination. The government then does live test
demonstrations. The government issues a call for final proposal revisions. The government
negotiates the final contract with the apparent winner, then the government awards the contract to
the winning company. Finally we have the contract start up, contract performance, and contract
shutdown. As we can see negotiated procurement is a process that doesn't happen overnight, but will
truly help you be able to save money off of the 300 hardware products and software services, that
will used in the accounting department.
4.landscaping and snow removal services around the buildings for the year
A sealed bid

Review Of Procurement Services Of Higher Education
Assessing Information Technology (IT)–Business Alignment in Procurement Services of Higher
Education Adonis Bwashi Dr. Margaret Reid Human Behavior in Complex Organizations
Introduction Strategic alignment occurs when the Information Technology (IT) and business
strategies are in dynamic symmetry with the structures that support strategy execution, which
include; organization framework and Information systems (Lapiedra, Alegre, and Chiva, 2006).
Therefore, when this alignment exists IT can predict what the business future requirements are and
set up a trajectory to meet those upcoming needs (Hu and Huang, 2007). Luftman (2003) noted that
for over two decades IT to business alignment has been classified among the top management
concerns in organizations. Although IT–business alignment has been identified as a promoter for IT
investment to enhance organizational performance, fear prevails among management teams that the
return of investment in IT will not be achieved. The main reason of failure to generate return from
IT investment is the practice's challenge faced by many implementers due to external forces, like
transformation of IT (Luftman and Kempaiah, 2008), cost, and lack of understanding on alignment
framework and models to use at different strategic planning levels (Oana, 2010). Previous research
works, dating as early as 1970s, demonstrate that achieving alignment between IT and business has
been a critical issue; researchers, IT and business

Procurement Process
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
1. INTRODUCTION..................................................... ... 1
1.1 Procurement and supply chain process.................................. 2
1.2 What benefits does Procurement provide to Project Management?.. 3
2. SELECTION OF SUPPLIERS......................................... 4
2.1 Identifying Potential Suppliers............................................ 5
2.2 Supplier Selection Method................................................. 6
3. CASE STUDY – NALEAP ............................................... 8
3.1 Background ...................................................................8
3.2 Public Procurement Process for selection of suppliers ..................8
3.3 NALEAP's Selection of suppliers.......................................... 9
4. CONCLUSION............................................................ 12
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is important especially if the customer does not have an already established relationship with
suppliers. The search should be limited to the area of focus that is the area in which the customer
needs product or services. This can be done through various way such as catalogues, advertisements
(expression of interest), direct sourcing among others
Supplier contact: after gathering instructions then one can identify suitable suppliers and requests
for quotation, requests for proposals, requests for information or requests for tender may be
advertised, or direct contact may be made with the suppliers. This constitutes an offer to treat. From
the given documents then the project manager can identify which supplier to use and thus send an
offer.
Background review: References for product/service quality are consulted, and any requirements for

follow–up services including installation, maintenance, and warranty are investigated. Samples of
the P/S being considered may be examined or trials undertaken. This just ensures the procurement is
dealing with qualified persons to avoid shoddy deals that may cost the project dearly.
Negotiation: Negotiations are undertaken after the supplier has been identified. During these
negotiations the parties have to come to an agreement on aspects such as quantity, quality, price,
availability, delivery, time and customization possibilities where need be.
The result of this negotiation is a contract that

Procurement Essay
Introduction
IBM Daksh India is one of the most important business process outsourcing companies in India. It
has been playing a significant role in the process transformation and management sections of one of
the leading IT firms of the world, IBM since 2004.
IBM Daksh India came into existence as a result of the acquisition of Daksh e–Services by the IBM
Corporation in 2004. IBM Daksh India serves as the global destination for managing business
processes for all clients of IBM. In India, there are 14 service delivery centres of IBM Daksh India,
spread across the major cities of New Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Kolkata, and Chandigarh.
There are two other global service delivery centres of IBM Daksh India in Manila and ... Show more
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Once the customer and the analyst have decided and agreed upon the requests internally the
contractor is then invited for further negotiations and other agreements. Once this has been agreed
the contract is awarded.
The Contract Management Phase.
Once the contract has been awarded there further discussion which are held in–order to close out the
standards and the quality of the deliverables. The monitoring and supervision of the contract is also
agreed in terms of weekly or fort–nightly reports on the progress. Also a communication plan is
agreed upon due to the centralization of the department. The centralized team monitors the entire
contract from start–till–end.
The process is stable however sometimes leads to internal conflicts depending on personal interest.
However I feel the due to the centralization the organisations buying and negotiation power is more
in terms with the supplier or the contract and hence enables the organisation to be able to get value
for money.
The Challenges.
The initial challenge was the setup of the team and also the change of process which needed to be
embedded in the staff. I feel the change process was rather the most difficult one then any other
challenge in the entire process of having a centralized procurement and contract management team.
The major advantage of the team was in terms of risk management. Besides the above there were
few other challenges.
Planning Phase Issue
Disconnect between the procurement team and the

Essay The History of the Procurement Function in Business
History
Fifteen to twenty years ago companies only had purchasing departments. The procurement function
was treated more as a need or necessary evil. So when companies use to procure their goods and
services the main thing was to cut a purchase order and get that item or services delivered. Not
much was thought concerning leveraging the suppliers or putting long–term contracts in place to
protect both the company and the supplier. About ten to twelve years ago or so, companies starting
getting smarter and reasoned that any good they bought it doesn't make good business sense to have
too many suppliers. They reasoned they should have a limited number of suppliers and should be
able to manage it and understand what they were buying and how ... Show more content on
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Firstly, define what the organization buys and needs on a recurring basis. Then, the organization
should take a current evaluation of its sourcing needs (a snapshot if you will) and then forecast
future state sourcing needs for say where the firm would like to go in 3–5 years; 5–10 years and so
for forth. Then arrive at a good understanding of total cost and the distinction of supplier price. Total
cost could entail transportation, poor or premium quality of materials, salaries of premium
employees, etc. Then you do a market scan or market research to evaluate competitiveness,
similarities and the like to ensure you under the marketplace for a particular supply or service group.
Before selecting a supplier, a firm can survey the capabilities by issuing a request for information
(RFI) or a request for proposal (RFP), followed by negotiations and finally you evaluate vendor
performance management for the supplier that has been chosen. So how is strategic sourcing
different from traditional procurement?
Traditionally procurement had been more operations oriented or needs based. Whereby whatever the
company wanted or needed would be requested through the procurement department and the
authorized representative would just make a few calls to find the item and its availability and make
the purchasing arrangement. Rarely were there long–term contracts in place to optimize delivery,
availability, or to ensure the quality of the products met or exceeded the firm's

Procurement Strategies
Procurement Strategies Review Competition is fierce in today's world and a business must work
smarter versus harder. Many big name chain stores have achieved success but none like that of Wal–
Mart. The following is a review of the Wal–Mart customer and his or her expectations of its
procurement process. An additional review of how these expectations affect Wal–Mart's strategies,
policies, and procedures at both the domestic and global level is also included.
Customers
Internal "An internal customer is anyone you count on or rely upon to complete a task or a function
or to provide you with information so that you can get your job done... and anyone who counts on
you to complete a task or function or to provide them with information so ... Show more content on
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Wal–Mart had a contract with a third party procurement firm in Asia. The firm used suppliers that
would mark–up merchandise and resell that merchandise to Wal–Mart. The company has reduced
costs, lead times, and eliminated the middleman mark–ups. In 2002, Wal–Mart began to buy directly
from the manufacturer to procure a better price. According to Stundza, (2006), " Wal–Mart has
global procurement and supplier alignment teams responsible for identifying new suppliers,
sourcing new products, building partnerships with existing suppliers, and managing the global
supply chain of Wal–Mart's direct imports."
Figure 1: Wal–Mart's Procurement Process Conclusion Wal–Mart is the leader in its industry and
continues to grow in popularity among the consumer. The reason for its growth in popularity is its
promise to deliver quality products at low prices. Wal–Mart can influence its suppliers in a way that
ensures a low price on the products it sells. Wal–Mart expects its suppliers to follow its lead in
giving the customer what he or she expects and will continue to grow in consumer popularity as a
result.
References
Earl, D., (2004). What is internal customer service? Donna Earl Training, Retrieved from
http://www.donnaearltraining.com/Articles/internalCustomerService
Kaufman, L. (2009, August 11). Wal–Mart 's Backward Business Revolution. Forbes.com. Retrieved
from

Procurement Of The Procurement Management Essay
The procurement management in companies and institutions are right–hand man to the company
aims procurement department in any organization and the sector to several objectives of each in:
Ensure the continuity of production: by buying and the provision of primary and basic materials of
production processes, and on an ongoing basis without interruption and only caused a delay in the
flow and thus delayed the arrival of the final product to customers.
Ensure access to products and raw materials less reasonable price: the price that corresponds to the
quality of the product and the satisfaction of the company for this product.
Find several suppliers and not just on one source: For this purpose a number of reasons lie in the
increasing strength "argument" in favor of the company and to get the lowest reasonable price, and
this is more present in the modus operandi of tenders. Another reason to look for new suppliers is to
ensure access to raw materials in case of a sudden failure or delay by the previous supplier.
Build close relationships with suppliers.
Iintegration and cooperation between the procurement department and the other departments of the
institution: he divided the production needs of the purchases are raw materials, and engineering
department needs to provide the tools necessary for the operation and equipment, and marketing
department relationship procurement is the expectation in the type and number of materials needed
in sales, and other departments .
Ensure the

Advantages Of E-Procurement In Construction
2.4.3.1 Perceived benefits
Perceived benefits are referred to as the anticipated advantages of an e–procurement system that can
be provided to an organization. Among the existing studies are those on the benefits of e–
procurement, for example [69], [70], [71]. Aggregate findings of these researches shown that there
are many benefits of e–procurement in construction in relation to costs and time savings; improved
quality of construction products and services, client and user satisfaction, efficiency and
effectiveness in the management of construction projects. Organizations are likely to adopt an e–
procurement system if they believe it will yield positive or beneficial results.
2.4.3.2 Perceived Barriers
Laryea & Ibem [72] described barriers as those factors or circumstances that prevent the
implementation of an e–procurement system". Previous studies emphasized the need to understand
the barriers to adopting an information system [4], [72]. Eadie et al. [4] investigated the
impediments to the uptake of e–procurement in construction among construction companies in
Northern Ireland. The researchers identified the obstacles to the adoption of e–procurement across
the globe as related to low or lack of awareness of e–procurement, dearth of requisite skill and legal
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some empirical studies have identified technological factors as an important determinant of e–
procurement adoption [62], [65]. Following the work of Soares–Aguiar & Palma [62] on
technological factors affecting e–procurement uptake, the study conceptualized technological factors
as technology readiness (reflecting the availability of IT resources required for the adoption of an e–
procurement system). Enterprises with robust IT infrastructure, IT expertise, IT compatibility and
security measures in place may risk the adoption of this new

Questions On Information Technology Procurement
HINF 351: Information Technology Procurement
Assignment #3: Analyzing a Real RFP
Client Registration Services
Emily Chen, Justin Gill, Mika Moric, Maggie Sun, Chloe Yao
1. Introduction
Northern Health Authority (NHA) currently seeks an integrated clinical information system to close
the gap when it comes to information access and communication across the health authority.
Inefficiencies in regards to client registration and integration of Admission Discharge, Transfers
within additional applications in use within the health Authority has lead ADT and Client
Registration to be determined as a top priority for the initial implementation. This document offers
an evaluation of the RFP from both a client perspective and the receiving vendor perspective.
Qualitative and Quantitative criteria will be determined as a means for scoring potential vendors and
separating essential, nice to have, and unique requirements from both perspectives. Understanding
the RFP from both perspectives allows for a holistic view of the procurement process NH will
undertake that must be met to ensure collaborative and efficient partnership.
2. Critical Analysis (HCA)
2.1. Qualitative Criteria
Criteria Description
Accessibility A high score will be awarded to the vendor who presents a system that allows for
accessibility from a wide range of geographical regions. Admitting clerks should be able to remotely
access the system from a variety of different locations. Restriction of

.2: Procurement And Process . Procurement Is The Process
.2: procurement and process
Procurement is the process by which organizations acquire goods, works and services. The
procurement cycle involves planning, beginning with needs assessment through needs preparation,
inviting offers, contractor selection, awarding contracts, executing and managing contracts, as well
as final accounting and auditing. Procurement can therefore be viewed as a strategic component of
supply chain management relating to satisfying customer or buyer needs.
The procurement process is one of the most important processes of a company. The procurement
process usually varies between companies due to activity times and relations with suppliers (Trkman
& McCormack 2010). A basic procurement process starts with the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These areas of Public procurement process have, for long, been overshadowed with inefficiency,
corruption and disregard of fundamental "value for money" considerations. This has adversely
impacted the rate and quality of progress in realizing the objectives of national development,
especially in developing and transition countries (Tan et al., 2009). Employees may neither engage
in, nor give the appearance of engaging in, dishonest or unethical actions. Both are injurious to the
public's perception of honest government. As a government employee, you might have access to
procurement and other nonpublic information that could affect a contract bid or the award process
(Wymer & Regan, 2005). Improper disclosure of such protected information could violate numerous
laws, as well as ethics rules. It also could subject you to administrative actions, as well as civil or
criminal penalties. Public procurement agencies should ensure that there is an appropriate focus on
good practice

Cooperative Procurement Essay
Introduction
Research Gap
Key questions
Key Literature
The idea is how a combination of theories and frameworks concerning to Cooperative Procurement,
e–Sourcing and Outsourcing can represent a benefit to SME and an opportunity for a new business.
– Cooperative Procurement; Cooperative Purchasing; Collaborative Procurement and Purchasing
Consortia.
In the current literature, the concept of Cooperative Purchasing has been vaguely defined. Beyond
that, there is a vast terminology to nominate the concept regarding to Cooperative Procurement or
the other terms aforementioned. Schotanus (2007) in his thesis included a list of the most employed
denomination. The table present more than 150 terms and according to him the most common used
in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although he is a Public sector specialist, he extends the idea describing as two or more group of
organization or people that are engaging in Procurement for reciprocal benefit. Although there are
many source about Purchasing Consortia, this concept is not very frequently adopted by the
industrial sector (Essig, 2000). This idea of cooperation between organizations is not recent. Some
Japanese companies used sogo–shoshas, a group of companies with common ownership and
leadership that is vertically integrated. Another similar approach is virtual organization, that consist
in independent organizations forming a temporary network with a common goal to share skills and
cost. This derives from another Japanese's concept, Keiretsu: a collective organizational based on
mutual shareholding and cooperation that includes different companies as finance, trading, suppliers
(Rey, 2002).
The advantages and disadvantages of Cooperative Purchasing has been largely discussed in the
literature. There is a vast literature about interorganisational cooperation, however there is not a
comprehensive theory for the successful for this cooperation (Das and Teng, 2000). The most related
advantage is the cost reduction, considering the consolidation of demand and reduction of
administrative cost. In fact, it is not just a financial saving, but the operational time is optimized as
well in some cases. Nollet and Beaulieu

A Report On The Procurement Process
Project management has many important components that must be integrated in order to ensure the
overall success of an endeavor. One area that many businesses focus on is procurement in order to
maximize the benefits for the organization. As a result, many organizations are hiring procurement
specialists with the purpose of ensuring that their procurement practices are efficient and current
with business practices. This paper will discuss the procurement process, some of the benefits
procurement offers a business, and the attributes a procurement professional should possess to
become successful in the field.
The case study outlines two companies, the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply (CIPS)
and OPITO, which provide training ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The oil and gas industries are heavily reliant on their procurement agreements and relationships with
their suppliers, which necessitates ensuring that a well–educated procurement professional manages
the procurement process.
Procurement
Every business engages in procurement within their operations. Procurement is defined as the action
of acquiring goods or services, along with the process of seeking, negotiating, and purchasing of the
goods or services (Business Dictionary.com, 2016). "The process of procurement is often part of a
company's strategy because the ability to purchase certain materials will determine if operations will
continue" (Business Dictionary.com, 2016, para. 2). Procurement concentrates on purchasing
essential operational goods and services that can be delivered in a timely manner at a reasonable
price (Business Case Studies, 2016). Businesses must ensure that a procurement relationship
promotes the acquisition of quality goods or services, within deadline parameters, which is at a
reasonable price with the purpose of controlling costs within the company and ensuring that the
organization can remain competitive within the marketplace.
Another aspect of procurement is related to quality. Most procurement relationships are formal, and
are usually driven by price and design of the product or service being purchased (Sezar & Aguilar,
1997). The terms of the contract between buyer and supplier are

Procurement Elements
Element 4
I ensured procurement requests, requisitions for supplies and services, training by means of
coordination with the appropriate staff, contractors and other SI units; expedite and follow up with
suppliers to schedule, purchase goods and services; ensure building access for SI staff, contractors,
and interns in a timely process on behalf the unit to meet procurement contracts and requisitions
needs in accordance with SI and NMAAHC regulations, policy, and automated procedures
Functions as the team lead and in the submission of purchase goods and services; building
maintenance, building access in a timely to ensure the process of procurement contracts and
requisitions needs are met
Politely and frequently communicate and, follow up ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I placed organizational needs ahead of personal conveniences, often working through lunch and
working on personal time, displaying dedication, pride, and simultaneously, created and executed
purchase requests and the submission of procurement packages for ex post factors within the
Curatorial Affairs unit for audit purposes; assist with the Front desk coverage; working on a
Saturday removing the chairs and tables out of conference room 5005 without pay to assist with
launch of the Capital Region Minority Supplier Development Council Meeting. Resulted –
Tremendous Success
4. I placed organizational needs ahead of personal conveniences, often working through lunch and
working on personal time, displaying dedication, pride, and simultaneously, created and executed
purchase requests and the submission of procurement packages for ex post factors within the
Curatorial Affairs unit for audit purposes; assist with Front desk

Procurement plan Essay
Procurement plan
The procurement plan for the NHS hospital development may be undertaken through the following
steps and processes:
1. Procurement guidelines:
a) Goods and services shall be procured under and in accordance with NHS guidelines and
provisions outlining the functioning and operation of such procedures.
b) Outsourced services, consultants, off–branch goods and services are to be procured in accordance
with the requisite NHS guidelines and project specifications.
c) Standard bidding documents/ Proposals/ bidding paper etc will all be finalized as per NHS
guidelines and will adhere strictly to NHS quality and safety requirements (Fewings 2010)
2. Selection of goods and services:
The current project is one of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Non–Healthcare services:
These include services related to the commercial aspect of the institution, for example: independent
contractors to handle the catering aspect of the institution, or construction consultants to aid in the
different infrastructural needs and requirements of the institution. For example: contractors and
outsourced services to handle the IT infrastructure of the institution and other secondary and tertiary
aspects associated with the facility.
3) Procurement methods:
In keeping with the classification of the different procurement requirements of the institution as
outlined above, there can be different procurement methods adapted to each category of product:
Category A products:
These include products that are consumed in large bulk in the daily operation of the institution such
as; sanitary products, dressing equipment, etc. As these are required to be replenished in continuous
cyclical repetition the best procurement method for these

Benefits Of A Proactive Strategic Procurement Operation
INTRODUCTION
Every organisation requires goods and services from external suppliers or providers as no company
is an Island. These goods are to be acquired at the right time, right source, right quality of materials,
right quantity and also these goods are to be of the right price in order to give the organisation an
advantage over its competitors( competitive advantage) allowing it to generate greater sales and
retain more customers than its competition. We will be looking at HEWLETT–PACKARD.
Hewlett–Packard emphasis has gone beyond just reacting to the needs of users as and when they
arise, to a forward looking proactive approach. This reflects the contribution that the management
makes.
Procurement in the past ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Going to low–cost countries to source has plenty of advantages, but it has to be done right. ( The
Boston consulting Group 2008)
Hewlett–Packard is the case study of this work, procurement being a broad topic, we will
concentrate on three main areas for the purpose of these work. Brief understanding of them;
GLOBAL SOURCING:
Global sourcing can be simply defined as coordinating and integrating of procurement requirement
across worldwide business units. Mostly practised by large organisations because they are the ones
that have the need, leverages and facilities around the globe to enable them apply the process to gain
competitiveness from global sourcing. They are usually in a contract with other large corporations
who have the ability to supply the products to their sites located globally. Many organisations are
meeting the need for lower cost by moving to foreign countries where there are less regulations that
interferes with the manufacturing process, where they can find cheaper labour and thereby lower the
cost of basic plant, personnel cost and also operational cost. Sourcing and outsourcing which have
developed over time are the two basic methods of foreign manufacturing and it helps in making the
best choice for global supply chains. Some basic things need to be considered before outsourcing,
sometimes companies outsource when it does not make any sense. Eg if a

Pros And Cons Of Procurement Management
Chapter 5
Conclusion and recommendations
This concluding chapter summarizes the study, draws appropriate conclusions and makes
Useful recommendations.
5.2 Conclusion
Procurement practices so as to achieve corporate objectives. Scholars in the field of procurement
management describe the subject as important strategic activities that ensure that sufficient materials
and services are available for the smooth operation of a company. Also, procurement now plays a
new role in corporate performance involving value generation, integration and networking,
positioned as a core competency, a driver of business strategy, and enabler of additional business.
Procurement management process has also been explained to include purchase and acquisition
planning, contracting planning, seller response request, seller selection, contract administration, and
contract closure. Procurement management also covers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Challenges confronting procurement management practices at MCIT include lack of proper
Knowledge of the procurement law by officials, lack of knowledge of both NPL and procurement
processes by some suppliers, inadequate planning on the part of procurement officials leading to
problems in arranging payment for work done and demand for procurement activities are always
linked to budget leading to abandoning of some vital

E-Procurement Tools
There are a large number of E–procurement tools that could be distinguished in the marketplace (de
Boer et al., 2001). Some of them are already well developed and highly accepted in the marketplace;
nonetheless, there are numerous E–procurement tools that are immature and require further
development (Wang, 2006). For the purpose for this paper, we aim to focus on the E–procurement
tools that are widely accepted in the government and private sectors. The four most common E–
procurement tools being used consist of E–Sourcing, E–Tendering, E–Reverse Auction and E–
Collaboration (Boer et. al., 2001). The description of the four E–procurement tools would be
provided, following by comprehensive explanations and visual diagrams to demonstrate how ...
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For instance, the state government of New South Wales (www.tenders.nsw.gov.au) and Queensland
(www.tenders.qld.gov.au) make use of E–Tendering portal to provide suppliers with business
opportunities.
E–Reverse Auction Compared to E–Tendering, E–Reverse Auction is another form of E–
procurement tool that allows the purchasing company to use internet technology to purchase
products and services that either have the lowest price or a combination of low price and other
important conditions such as the quality of the products and services (Knudsen, 2003). Diagram 1.3.
provides a snapshot of the comparison between different forms of auctioning.
Figure 1.3. Comparison between traditional auction and reverse auction
E–Reverse auction is the opposite of traditional auction. A traditional auction usually involves a
seller offering one or more items for sale in the marketplace, and there will be multiple potential
buyers compete for the purchase of the item(s) being offered (de Boer et al., 2001). The price is
driven up until a stage that no buyers are willing to offer a higher price (de Boer et al., 2001). EBay
and Amazon.com could be well–known examples of traditional auction on the Internet. In contrary,
reverse auction is a process which there are multiple sellers are competing for the business of one
single buyer. At such, the price is driven down until there are no sellers willing to bid any lower
(Merson, 2000). According to

Improving Procurement And Sourcing Efficiency
Pursuit for competitive advantage is vital for the survival of any business organization's supply
chain. Businesses are feeling the difficulty to improve procurement and sourcing efficiency. The
value that can be achieved through successful procurement practices is often a lot harder to achieve
than many companies actually realize. If a company expects to grow and survive, it constantly needs
to add value. Procurement is one area that has become a critical area of focus to create a more
competitive and efficient supply chain. In the past, procurement was seen as insignificant to other
areas of an organization. However, implementing cross–functional teams to continually review
suppliers ensures that an organization benefits from the best ... Show more content on
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Fortune 500 companies like IBM, Dell, and Delta Air Lines are spending higher than 50% of their
revenues on procurement. For a long time, procurement has been looked at as negotiating to get
better prices. Many organizations still view procurement as a way to influence spending to get
discounts and lower costs from their suppliers. However, sustainability and the supply chain risks
that companies face today call for procurement to be different now. Organizations can see real
savings by looking at total cost of ownership, which can include a lot of the end–to–end supply
chain costs. Disruptions are unavoidable and every decision involved in the procurement process has
a risk factor to it. In order for procurement to influence and affect a company it must present a
business case that it is a value added function. An organization can add value long term with its
ability of purchasing within procurement. Organizations need to stop short–term thinking because of
the high–risk levels associated with this. Procurement decisions can add a lot of value to a company,
but organizations need to think of the long–term implications of their decisions. Purchasing is
important to competitive advantage because it increases value and savings for a firm. Purchasing
can build relationships, drive innovation, improve quality, and reduce products time–to–market.
Suppliers have a huge impact on organizations total costs because most product features come from

Public Procurement Essay
Over the past four decades, purchasing has evolved from a clerical function in the 1960s, through
being an operational activity in the 1980s to the strategic nature in the 1990s (Gelderman and Van
Weele, 2005). While several organisations have transformed their purchasing capabilities into
competitive advantage, others are still lagging behind. Today, proactive firms are expected to control
their purchasing operations in an effort to build competitive advantage (Carr and Smeltzer, 1997). In
spite of the fact that purchasing has gained recognition amongst companies in the developed
countries; the reverse is the case however in the developing countries (Msimangira, 2003).
Specifically, African scholars have focused more on investigating public procurement reforms while
little efforts have been made in the private sector (McCrudden, 2004). In view of the current global
financial meltdown, it is imperative for both public and private organisations in Africa to adopt more
strategic approaches to purchasing in order to facilitate commercial gains.
Every organization needs to purchase goods and services in order to carry out its mission and
objectives (Ellram, 2003). In an increasingly complex business environment, today's firms are
continuously looking for new ways to remain competitive. Procurement process is the act of
acquiring property and/or services. It begins when an organization has identified a need and decided
on its procurement requirement. Procurement continues

What Are The Four Faces Of Procurement Management
2.2 FACTOR OF PROJECT PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
From research paper of "The Four Faces of Procurement", shows skills procurement executives need
in 2020 to meet the challenges organization will be facing. In the paper, it tells about the key success
factor for procurement professionals in any sectors. The procurement activities are automated
largely and at the same time budget need some strategic market or supplier management activities
(Peter Smith, 2012). This happens in a few areas with technology becomes more powerful and need
for human judgment no signal. Therefore, the supply chain activities increase in process
manufacturing, commercial and judgment issues such as offshoring, outsourcing, and reputation
management. In the sector of services or public procurement, managing the internal stakeholder and
related of the external market with a supplier for procurement. Making sure the public sector in
political and social goals cannot be simply automated. But, it does not see procurement disappearing
and it needs to change.
So, in order to change the failure of procurement activities into successful, procurement executives
will wear "four faces" to develop skills through two dimensions. The dimensions are the internal ...
The important of the procurement plan is all needs will be listed and to be obtained over a period
time. When procurement schedule develops, all the procurement process will be timelines and
fulfillment. Furthermore, procurement plan allows one contract consists of similar needs or division
needs into several contract packages. With procurement plan, it allows to monitoring procuring
process to determine actual performance compare with planned activities and to alert the related
departments and adjust the procurement plan. Hence, it enhances the transparency and liability of
the procurement

Mondavi Procurement Management
Mondavi Procurement Management
Procurement is the complete process or action of acquiring or obtaining material, property, or
services at the operational level, such as purchasing, contracting, and negotiating directly with the
source of supply. Procuring goods and services is a larger process than just the label price of wine;
the process to buy those items includes major organizational costs, often accounting for half of the
product price. When allowing for the vast number of purchases Mondavi makes in a year, it is easy
to see how these costs can spiral out of control without careful management. This paper will
describe the contract administration policies, procedures, tools and termination procedure for the
Robert Mondavi Winery, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Several types of contract terminations exist including evergreen, rolling contracts and end of
contracts. Typically Mondavi uses "End of Contracts", where once the contract tasks are completed
the contract is finished.
These contracts signed by Mondavi are often long–term, whether they are dealing with grape
growers or equipment suppliers. An example of this took place in 1966 after Robert Mondavi left
Krug Winery. Mondavi met with several of Krug 's grape suppliers and convinced them to provide
grapes for Mondavi 's new company. Mondavi signed these growers to long term contracts to
provide Mondavi with the grapes he needed to produce fine wines in the years to come. This was
unique to the California wine industry, because most of the deals between vineyards and wineries
were handshake deals. Even in 1996, many small wineries were caught off guard when Mondavi
purchased Sierra Madre Vineyard; several of these small wineries had handshake deals with Sierra
Madre and could not purchase the same quantity of grapes from Mondavi that they had grown
accustomed to in the past from Sierra Madre (Berger, 1996). Robert Mondavi has always done
business this way, through a contract with specifications to the length and details of the contract.
External Influences to Procurement Management
There are a number of external influences on the procurement management processes in the wine
industry; key is the price of

Procurement Officer
A Report On:
Procurement
Executive Summary:
Procurement is important to identify, discover and interpret factors affecting acquiring goods and
services. This report researches in detail factors affecting procurement within a larger sized
business.
As Wagamama is a fast, casual dining restaurant, there are three main criteria affecting procurement:
"speed, quality and value for money". It is important to ensure that customers' expectations are
being met to ensure best possible sales.
This report explains in detail an approach to understanding the importance of procurement strategies
and the importance of resource management.
The report also describes and evaluates plans to improve procurement strategies and best practice. ...
The acquisition of best possible goods and services at best possible prices, including direct and
indirect costs. However, the time, quantity and place are crucial for finding the perfect products and
services.
The illustration below shows in which general direction procurement should go: Procurement is the
route of choosing equipment, services or products and maintaining and managing them until they
have reached the end of their life cycles, when the whole process is repeated.
The following five steps need to be considered by the procurement officer for Wagamama in order
to find the best possible equipment, supplier contracts and products:
1.1.1 Selection Criteria
It is necessary to identify what the business needs are. If the business wants to purchase new
furniture, the procurement officer needs to identify the needs and standards of its business, as well
as the needs of its customers. Wagamama is known for its "fast, casual dining style". The restaurants
have long tables with wooden benches which encourage customers for a limited stay. This, again,
has a positive impact on the customer turnover indicator. Therefore, this aspect becomes a selection
criterion when choosing new furniture for the business.
However, all selection criteria vary from business to business. Different standards, situations and

occasions within businesses require different needs. Some criteria involve more risks but more
benefits could be expected. As stated on

Benefits Of A Proactive Strategic Procurement Operation
INTRODUCTION
Every organisation requires goods and services from external suppliers or providers as no company
is an Island. These goods are to be acquired at the right time, right source, right quality of materials,
right quantity and also these goods are to be of the right price in order to give the organisation an
advantage over its competitors( competitive advantage) allowing it to generate greater sales and
retain more customers than its competition. We will be looking at HEWLETT–PACKARD.
Hewlett–Packard emphasis has gone beyond just reacting to the needs of users as and when they
arise, to a forward looking proactive approach. This reflects the contribution that the management
makes.
?A proactive strategic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hal Sirkin , senior Partner and Managing director ,BCG( The Boston consulting Group 2008)
Hewlett–Packard is the case study of this work, procurement being a broad topic, we will
concentrate on three main areas for the purpose of these work. Brief understanding of them;
GLOBAL SOURCING/ OUT SOURCING:
?Global Sourcing is the integration and coordination of procurement requirement across the world
wide business units looking at common items, processes, technologies and suppliers?( John stevens
1995)
?Global sourcing is practiced by big corporations as they have the need and leverage to gain
competitiveness from global sourcing and also the facilities around the globe to enable them to
apply the process. They are usually contractually bound to other large corporations who have the
ability to supply products to the globally located sites of the multinational purchaser? (Peter Baily et
al 2015)
Many organisations are meeting the need for lower cost by moving to foreign countries where there
are fewer regulations that interfere with the manufacturing process, where they can find cheaper
labour and thereby lower basic plant, personnel and operations cost. Sourcing and outsourcing are
two basic methods of foreign manufacturing which have developed over time and this help in
making the best choice for global

Introduction Of Internet Based Procurement Essay
The term e–procurement gained popularity around the year 2000. Emergence of the two competitors
Ariba and Commerce One, companies that specialized in the support of electronic procurement for
MRO products, changed the way indirect MRO spend used to be looked upon. Introduction of
internet–based procurement applications prompted a change from a centrally organized procurement
(central buying) department to 'desktop procurement' environment, where the employee in need of a
product would initiate the purchase transaction electronically. With these two trends, 'decentralized
purchasing' and 'multi–vendor catalogues', the conduit toward electronic support of the MRO buying
process was paved. Thus, over the period, spend analysts have started observing carefully, to
increase spend under management and implement better control over tail spend in order to reduce
the amount of fulfilling formalities and time consumed in procuring these products.
Understanding E–Procurement in the MRO space
With the advent of Internet technology in the area of MRO, the procurement of indirect material
such as office supplies and services also became feasible for electronic support. Indirect
procurement is based on ad–hoc activities which are difficult to put into an electronically supported
workflow. Since the products needed in this area are less frequently bought and usually of low
value, companies shy away from maintaining material master data for indirect products. The study
of Subramaniam and

The Contract And Procurement Management Process

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