The city london
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This document summarizes how several British authors depicted London in their works, highlighting the social and economic changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution and Victorian era. William Blake's poem "London" described the human costs like a crying child, sighing soldier, and prostitute. Charles Dickens' novel "Oliver Twist" portrayed three social levels in London: the workhouse, criminal underworld, and middle class. Robert Louis Stevenson depicted London's dual nature in "Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde" through the contrast of the respectable West End and poor East End slums. Oscar Wilde set "The Picture of Dorian Gray" among the wealthy West End as part of his focus on aesthetics. George Orwell
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This document summarizes several authors' visions and depictions of London in their works:
- Wordsworth criticized Londoners for being stagnant and selfish in his sonnet "London, 1802" but also referred to inward happiness as a natural English right.
- Blake depicted London society as dominated by material goods and the cries of pain from children forced to work in his poem "London".
- Dickens highlighted the daily dramas of industrial modernity in Oliver Twist, portraying London as a chaotic "industrial jungle" where exploitation forced children into crime.
- Stevenson used the contrasting dual characters of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde to represent London's contrasts and find deeper meaning
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The Restoration Period in England from 1660-1689 saw the restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II. During this time, literacy rates rose to 50% of men, factories began to spring up marking the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, and coffee houses became popular places for educated men to socialize and discuss politics and literature. Styles of the period included baldrics, cannon knee ribbons, and periwigs. Neoclassical literature featuring satire also emerged, as did Rococo and Neoclassical styles in art which drew inspiration from ancient Greece and Rome.
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After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, English literature moved away from Puritan ideals towards more worldly concerns. The Age of Dryden was dominated by John Dryden, who perfected the heroic couplet in poetry, drama, and prose. Restoration drama featured comedies of manners that satirized the aristocracy, while tragedy focused on heroic themes. Prose evolved to be more precise and suited to scientific, historical and philosophical topics. John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress was a masterpiece of simple allegorical English prose.
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This document summarizes several authors' visions and depictions of London in their works:
- Wordsworth criticized Londoners for being stagnant and selfish in his sonnet "London, 1802" but also referred to inward happiness as a natural English right.
- Blake depicted London society as dominated by material goods and the cries of pain from children forced to work in his poem "London".
- Dickens highlighted the daily dramas of industrial modernity in Oliver Twist, portraying London as a chaotic "industrial jungle" where exploitation forced children into crime.
- Stevenson used the contrasting dual characters of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde to represent London's contrasts and find deeper meaning
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The Restoration Period in England from 1660-1689 saw the restoration of the monarchy under King Charles II. During this time, literacy rates rose to 50% of men, factories began to spring up marking the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, and coffee houses became popular places for educated men to socialize and discuss politics and literature. Styles of the period included baldrics, cannon knee ribbons, and periwigs. Neoclassical literature featuring satire also emerged, as did Rococo and Neoclassical styles in art which drew inspiration from ancient Greece and Rome.
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After the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, English literature moved away from Puritan ideals towards more worldly concerns. The Age of Dryden was dominated by John Dryden, who perfected the heroic couplet in poetry, drama, and prose. Restoration drama featured comedies of manners that satirized the aristocracy, while tragedy focused on heroic themes. Prose evolved to be more precise and suited to scientific, historical and philosophical topics. John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress was a masterpiece of simple allegorical English prose.
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The Restoration period in England from 1660-1700 saw the restoration of the monarchy and influence from French styles of writing. John Dryden emerged as the dominant writer of the period. Literature reflected the moral laxity of society through forms like satire, fables, and comedies of manners that focused on city life and fashion. Prose also developed into a clearer modern style during this time of rational inquiry led by writers like Dryden and Bunyan.
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The Neoclassical period in England spanned the 17th and 18th centuries, beginning with the Restoration of the monarchy under Charles II in 1660 after the English Civil War and Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell. This period saw a return to classical ideals of form and reason in the arts and literature, as well as the rise of the middle class and increased literacy and education. Major literary movements included the Metaphysical Poets in the 17th century known for intricate imagery and philosophy, and Augustan writers in the early 18th century like Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift who used satire and reason.
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The document discusses how several famous authors used London as a setting in their works and portrayed different aspects of the city. Charles Dickens depicted London as divided into three social levels. William Blake feared the effects of industrialization and described the terrible living conditions in London. Virginia Woolf set her novel "Mrs. Dalloway" in London to examine the evils and hypocrisy of English society. Louis Stevenson's novel "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" portrayed a disappointed and economically troubled London. Oscar Wilde set "The Picture of Dorian Gray" in London to criticize the city's corruption and sins. George Orwell depicted a cold, decadent future London in his novel
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Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that emerged in the late 18th century. It emphasized emotion, individualism, and nature over reason. Key characteristics included glorification of nature, interest in the exotic, and the idea of the artist as a rebel against society. Romantic artists and writers explored themes like the power of the individual, the destructiveness of industrialization, and the supremacy of emotion over logic. The movement influenced literature, art, music, and politics in the 19th century.
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This document summarizes some key Romantic Age poets and their works. It discusses William Wordsworth and some of his major poems like "Tintern Abbey" and his definition of poetry. It also mentions Samuel Taylor Coleridge and his poem "Kubla Khan". Lord Byron is discussed as a leading figure of Romanticism known for long narrative poems. Finally, John Keats is presented as having influenced many later poets with his use of sensual imagery in odes like "Ode to a Nightingale".
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This document provides short notes and summaries on topics related to the Romantic period in English literature, including the Industrial Revolution, French Revolution, Romantic movement, Romanticism, symbolism, and spontaneity. It was presented by several students and includes an introduction, definitions of key terms, discussions of related historical events and their impacts, and characteristics of Romantic poetry and ideals. The document serves to outline important concepts and provide foundational information on the Romantic era for students in an English literature course.
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The document summarizes the literary characteristics of the English Restoration period from 1660 to 1688. It notes that French influence was strong during this period. Two tendencies emerged - realism in representing reality and individuals as they are, and formalism with a preference for short, clear sentences without unnecessary words. The heroic couplet, pioneered by Waller, became a dominant poetic form. The Restoration period saw a shift away from Elizabethan and Puritan styles as England's monarchy was restored under Charles II.
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William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. He wrote 38 plays, 154 sonnets, and several other poems. While the details of his early life are unknown, it is believed he was educated at the King's New School. His plays were popular among nobility and the public during the Renaissance in England, a period of artistic and intellectual revival. Shakespeare drew inspiration from nature, classical authors, and contemporary English society and politics for his works.
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This document provides background information about Charles Dickens and the setting for his novel A Tale of Two Cities. It discusses Dickens' life and work, the caste system and taxation in pre-Revolutionary France that left the people poor, the French Revolution and some of the major events, and important locations mentioned in the novel like the Bastille prison in Paris, the Old Bailey courthouse in London, and Saint Antoine in Paris near the Defarge's wine house. Students are assigned to read Chapter 1 for the next class to have a discussion.
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William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright born in the late 16th century. He began writing plays in 1592 for London theaters after the plague forced him to stop acting. Nature and classical authors inspired some of his most famous plays like Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. Shakespeare lived during the English Renaissance when poetry and drama flourished under Queen Elizabeth I. Society was highly stratified, and the theater experience differed greatly between those who could afford seats and those who stood in the yard.
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The document discusses literary and social influences during the 19th century in Europe and Britain. Some key developments included the Industrial Revolution, expansion of the British Empire under Queen Victoria, and the rise of realism out of Romanticism. Popular genres included the novel which focused on aristocracy and the middle class. Important authors of the time included William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge who helped launch the Romantic movement. Fashions changed significantly over the century for both men's and women's clothing. Photography also emerged as a new technology, including photos with deceased people.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
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