The circulatory system document discusses several common circulatory disorders: 1) Congenital heart disease can occur when the heart develops abnormally in the womb due to infections or drug use in the mother. 2) Hypertension is a very common condition among adults caused by fatigue, stress, and kidney issues that can damage organs if uncontrolled. 3) Coronary heart disease occurs when arteries are blocked by clots, preventing blood and oxygen flow and potentially causing heart attacks.

1. THE CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM

2. Common Disorders
Of the
Circulatory
System

3. AILMENTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Congenital Heart Disease- Some babies are born
with a heart whose valves do not function properly;
or, there could be an irregularity in the heart as it
develops . These babies are called Blue Babies. They
have bluish color around the lips and tips of fingers
and toes when they cry.
A Congenital defect or infection may occur when
a pregnant mother is infected by German measles or
is taking prohibited drugs such as marijuana,
heroine, and thalidomide.
A Congenital infection may also lead to
hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is an abnormal
increase in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the
cranial cavity.

4.  Hypertension(high blood pressure)- This is a
very common ailment among adults. Fatigue,
nervous tension, and hormonal changes in the
kidneys usually cause hypertension .
If uncontrolled, hypertension can damage
some organs of the body. Once the brain is
affected, it can lead to a Stroke and internal
bleeding. Cerebral hemorrhage or blood clot can
cause loss of memory, speech, sight, or hearing.
If the kidneys are affected, renal failure may
occur and the need for dialysis may arise.

5.  Coronary Heart Disease( heart attack)- It
occurs when the arteries are blocked by a
clot which stops the supply of food and
oxygen.
Pain in the chest, difficulty of
breathing, loss of consciousness and
sometimes vomiting are symptoms of a heart
attack. A heart attack may be avoided by
minimizing excessive activity, keeping weight
to normal level and managing stress and
tension as well.

6. Rheumatic Heart Disease- This disease
is caused by a Streptococcus bacteria.
Usually common among children, it
results in inflammation of the valves
and muscle tissues of the heart.
Symptoms include fever, swelling of
the joints, and rashes that may last for
two weeks. It may start as a sore throat
followed by an attack of tonsilitis.

7.  Anemia- It is also known as iron-deficiency
disease. It usually occurs when the blood has less
hemoglobin. Blood with less hemoglobin can carry
less oxygen. Anemia develops when there is a
decrease in the production of red blood cells in the
bone marrow or a production of red destruction of
red cells in the blood stream. Hookworm infection,
chronic diarrhea, dysentery, bone marrow injury as
well as injury in the liver can also cause anemia.
An anemic person may have difficulty in
breathing or may experience shortness of breath,
paleness, fatigue, weight loss, and chest pains are
other symptoms of anemia.

8.  Leukemia- This is a disease of the white blood
cells and is commonly known as cancer of the
blood. It is characterized by an abnormally rapid
production of white blood cells. It is hereditary and
may be acquired through excessive acquired to x-
rays and radiation.
With the latest technology, a bone marrow
transplant can now be done to replace the diseased
bone marrow. Modern drugs can also destroy fast-
increasing abnormal cell growth.
Symptoms of leukemia include weakness,
anemia, nosebleed, and bruises under the skin.

9. Hemophilia- It is a
heredity disease usually
affecting males. This is
characterized by
continuous bleeding
because the blood slowly
clots or fails to clot.

10. Arteriosclerosis- This disease is due to
the presence of calcium or lime which
hardens the walls of the blood vessels.
Too much cholesterol can cause the
arteries to become stiff and less elastic.
Because of cholesterol build-up, blood
does not flow smoothly. This causes
the heart to work harder in pumping
blood through the arteries.
Arteriosclerosis may lead to a heart
attack.

11.  Stroke- A stroke happens when a blood clot
builds-up on the wall of an artery in the brain
or a clump of bacteria is carried in the
bloodstream and lodged in a brain artery. The
damaged part of the brain does not supply of
oxygen and nutrients.
A ruptured blood vessel bleeds
inside the brain causing a stroke. This may
lead to a temporary or permanent disability of
some parts of the body such as numbness on
one side of the body, slurred speech, and
uncoordinated walking.

12. What are the
Parts of the
Heart??????

13. PARTS OF THE HEART

14. It’s
Quiz
Time
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15. ANSWER THE FF. QUESTIONS:
hypertension 1.Common among adults, it is caused
by fatigue, nervous tension, and hormonal charge
in the kidneys.
arteriosclerosis 2.Too much cholesterol in the blood
causes the hardening of the walls of the blood
vessels.
leukemia 3.It is known as cancer of the blood and is
characterized by abnormal rapid production of
white blood cells.
stroke 4.A blood clot builds up on the wall of an
artery in the brain.
anemia 5.It is commonly called iron-deficiency
disease.

16. LABEL THE PARTS OF THE HEART
Superior
vena cava1.
2aort
a.
3.Pulmon
ary artery
4pulmonary
veins.
6.Mit
ral
valv
e
8aortic
valve.
12.Pulmon
ary valve
13.Tricusp
id valve
10.Inferior vena
cava
11.Rig
ht
atrium
9.Right
ventricle
7.Left
ventricle
5.Left
atriu
m