The document outlines a manifesto put forth by an organization called the BRIGHTS that calls for the consolidation of power and control over society. It asserts that only the BRIGHTS, by virtue of their superior intellect and wisdom, are fit to rule. It lays out 48 principles that would establish the BRIGHTS philosophy as the sole basis for law and governance. This includes denying the existence of God or absolute moral truths, granting the BRIGHTS unlimited powers and controlling all aspects of society, from education to history to speech. The intended goal is for the BRIGHTS to become the unquestioned rulers and for their ideology to be universally accepted without opposition.
Rights are essential to human development and happiness. They can be moral, legal, or human rights. Moral rights are based on ethics while legal rights are enforceable by law. Human rights apply to all people regardless of other factors. They were established after World War 2 to protect against atrocities. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlined core human rights in 1948. Rights also entail responsibilities to respect others' rights. While most people are aware of their own rights, more awareness is needed of both own and others' rights.
The document proposes principles for responsible globalization put forth by the Caux Round Table. It includes 8 principles for governments to follow, such as exercising public power for the benefit of citizens, providing security and justice, transparency, and global cooperation. The principles are meant to guide governments in creating conditions where businesses will invest capital to reduce poverty worldwide according to the group's vision of responsible globalization.
Basic human right is a concept that can be related to every race, religion, belief, culture and country. Basic human right is aspiration of every individual to achieve happiness in their live.
The document discusses civil and political rights from both national and international perspectives. At the national level, it outlines various fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution such as right to equality, freedom of speech, religion, life and personal liberty. Internationally, it describes how the Universal Declaration of Human Rights established civil and political rights for all globally and led to adoption of conventions like ICCPR to further develop these rights. It defines civil and political rights as birthrights that ensure citizens' participation in society and the state without discrimination while protecting their freedoms.
This document discusses human rights in Islam and common misconceptions about them. It begins by introducing the three main trends in defining human rights - prioritizing individual rights, prioritizing societal rights, and balancing the two. Islam takes the third approach of balancing individual and societal rights. It established many human rights principles over 14 centuries ago. Modern definitions of human rights often have political biases and do not truly protect the oppressed. The document argues that properly implementing Islamic law and principles would better guarantee human rights and remove oppression.
Rights are essential to human development and happiness. They can be moral, legal, or human rights. Moral rights are based on ethics while legal rights are enforceable by law. Human rights apply to all people regardless of other factors. They were established after World War 2 to protect against atrocities. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlined core human rights in 1948. Rights also entail responsibilities to respect others' rights. While most people are aware of their own rights, more awareness is needed of both own and others' rights.
The document proposes principles for responsible globalization put forth by the Caux Round Table. It includes 8 principles for governments to follow, such as exercising public power for the benefit of citizens, providing security and justice, transparency, and global cooperation. The principles are meant to guide governments in creating conditions where businesses will invest capital to reduce poverty worldwide according to the group's vision of responsible globalization.
Basic human right is a concept that can be related to every race, religion, belief, culture and country. Basic human right is aspiration of every individual to achieve happiness in their live.
The document discusses civil and political rights from both national and international perspectives. At the national level, it outlines various fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution such as right to equality, freedom of speech, religion, life and personal liberty. Internationally, it describes how the Universal Declaration of Human Rights established civil and political rights for all globally and led to adoption of conventions like ICCPR to further develop these rights. It defines civil and political rights as birthrights that ensure citizens' participation in society and the state without discrimination while protecting their freedoms.
This document discusses human rights in Islam and common misconceptions about them. It begins by introducing the three main trends in defining human rights - prioritizing individual rights, prioritizing societal rights, and balancing the two. Islam takes the third approach of balancing individual and societal rights. It established many human rights principles over 14 centuries ago. Modern definitions of human rights often have political biases and do not truly protect the oppressed. The document argues that properly implementing Islamic law and principles would better guarantee human rights and remove oppression.
This document discusses the meaning and importance of rights. It defines rights as conditions granted by the state for public welfare. Rights can be positive or negative and every right corresponds to a duty. The document then classifies rights into moral rights and legal rights. Moral rights are based on ethics while legal rights are recognized and enforced by law. It provides examples of different types of legal rights like civil rights, political rights, and economic rights. It also discusses the fundamental rights granted by the Indian constitution like right to life, equality, freedom of speech and religion.
The document discusses several theories of social justice and human rights. It outlines liberals' theories including utilitarianism and John Rawls' theory of justice. Libertarian theories are mentioned which emphasize rational choice and free markets. Marxist and socialist theories focus on class struggle and unequal exchange between workers and capital. The document also discusses tensions between different human rights and how conceptions of rights change over time in response to evolving human interests and new issues.
Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion - Article 25
This article guarantees freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess, practice and propagate religion to every citizen of India. However, this right is subject to public order, morality and health.
b. Freedom to manage religious affairs - Article 26
This article guarantees every religious denomination or any section thereof the right to establish and maintain institutions for religious and charitable purposes, manage its own affairs in matters of religion, own and acquire movable and immovable property and administer such property.
c. Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion - Article 27
No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes
Bangladesh's constitution and laws aim to protect religious minorities, but in practice minorities still face discrimination. Minority groups are sometimes marginalized through insensitive laws, unequal justice systems, and exploitation of political power by dominant ethnic or religious groups. While Bangladesh has ratified international treaties protecting minority rights, amendments to its constitution have weakened fundamental freedoms and the rights of minorities are not always guaranteed as per international law. There remains a need to better implement human rights protections for religious minorities in Bangladesh to achieve true equality and social stability.
Human rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights)Angie Magdasoc
This document discusses human rights and provides an overview of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It describes how human rights are inherent to all humans, regardless of attributes and without discrimination. It outlines the key characteristics and principles of human rights. The document also summarizes the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights that are laid out in the 30 articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It concludes by briefly mentioning some human rights issues in the Philippines and listing some local and international human rights organizations.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like indivisibility and non-discrimination. Theories of human rights are explored, including moral theory, social justice theory and structured theory. Civil and political rights as well as social, economic and cultural rights are defined.
Human Rights In Islam And Common Misconceptionszakir2012
The document discusses human rights in Islam and common misconceptions about them. It summarizes the key principles of human rights in Islam, which aim to balance individual rights and societal rights. It notes three main trends in conceptualizing these rights and argues that Islam follows the third trend by giving each their due rights according to Islamic law. The document then examines how Islam preserves the five essential necessities of life for humans: religion, self, mind, honor and lineage, and wealth. It emphasizes that equality in Islam means equality of humanity, not identicalness, as there are natural differences but no discrimination.
Excerpts from the 2011 World Day of Peace Message from Pope Benedict XVI on Religious Liberty. It ends with an American perspective on religious liberty during the constitutional debate of 1788
This document discusses civil and political rights from both a national and international perspective. Nationally, it outlines the fundamental rights protected under Part III of the Indian Constitution, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion. Internationally, it describes the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 1966. The ICCPR protects rights like the right to life, freedom from torture, liberty, privacy, religion, opinion, assembly, and equality. The ICCPR has had a significant impact on protecting human rights at both the national and international levels.
This presentation is about the Provisions of Human Rights in Indian Constitution prepared for B.Ed. Semester IV Students in a period of #covid19#lockdown to facilitate online learning.
International covenant on civil and political rightsSurakshya Poudel
The document summarizes the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). It describes the ICCPR as a multilateral treaty adopted by the UN in 1966 that recognizes inherent human dignity and promotes civil/political rights. The ICCPR has 173 parties and is monitored by the 18-member Human Rights Committee. It contains rights like freedom of speech, religion, privacy, fair trials, and more. States must submit reports on compliance, and individuals can submit complaints through optional protocols.
This document discusses the implications of the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities for organizations that provide services related to human rights and well-being. It outlines key aspects of the Charter, including which public authorities it applies to and which specific human rights it protects. It also discusses how the Charter can be used to challenge discriminatory practices, create a human rights-based approach to serving clients, and address human rights issues in two case studies involving access to drug treatment and housing.
HUMAN RIGHT EDUCATION AND GOOD CITIZENSHIPRhon Paigao
This document discusses human rights education. It defines human rights education as all learning that develops knowledge, skills and values of human rights. It explains that human rights education grew in recognition as a tool for social change and increasing awareness of rights for all. The document outlines that the UN declared a decade for human rights education to strengthen respect for human rights and promote understanding between groups. It discusses models of human rights education including values and awareness, accountability, and transformational models. The importance of teaching human rights and citizenship in formal education is also addressed.
The document defines human rights and discusses their origins and categories. It provides definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights as inherent rights necessary for human life and dignity. The document then outlines the basic characteristics of human rights as fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It proceeds to categorize human rights and provide examples, such as political rights, democratic rights, and economic/social/cultural rights. The document concludes by tracing the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to provisions in modern constitutions beginning in 1935.
The document discusses human rights and duties as outlined in the Indian Constitution. It describes several key rights such as: the right to equality; freedom of speech, expression and peaceful assembly; religious freedom; freedom from exploitation like trafficking and child labor; the right to education and culture; and the right to constitutional remedies. It also discusses corresponding fundamental duties of citizens to promote national harmony, renounce practices against women's dignity, strive for excellence, and protect the environment. However, it questions whether these rights are truly respected in practice by providing examples where certain rights like freedom of speech and protection from exploitation appear to have been violated.
The document discusses the history and theories of the social contract from philosophers like Rousseau, Hobbes, Locke, and Rawls. It also discusses proposed changes needed for a new social contract, including strengthening social protections like universal basic income or better targeted safety nets due to economic insecurity. Another proposed change is ensuring universal access to affordable internet as it becomes essential for work, citizenship, and services. A new social contract may not promise job security but should guarantee social and economic security through alternative means as the relationship between employers and employees changes.
The republicans opportunity to restore americaMary Lee Harsha
This PDF was written by Craig Biddle at The Objective Standard. Craig gave me permission to spread it far and wide. It addresses what the Republicans need to know if they are going to restore America.
The document discusses the definition and characteristics of human rights. It provides several definitions of human rights from different organizations that describe them as inherent and inalienable rights to life, dignity, and self-development. The document outlines that human rights are universal and belong equally to all people without discrimination. It lists categories of human rights and their basic characteristics of being inalienable, inherent, indivisible, fundamental, universal, and interdependent. The document discusses the modern perspective of human rights emerging after World War 2 and the principles of universality, inalienability, and the rule of law in resolving conflicts between rights.
This document outlines a declaration from the Organization of Islamic Conference regarding human rights according to Islamic principles. It affirms that all human beings are equal and have certain fundamental rights, including the right to life, education, work, own property, and freedom of movement. It condemns colonialism, oppression, and exploitation. Some key rights it identifies include equality before the law regardless of attributes, the right to marriage and family protection, children's rights to education and care, and economic rights such as fair wages. The declaration aims to define human rights from an Islamic perspective.
This document discusses the relationship between religion and human rights. It begins by providing background on David Kirkham and his position at BYU Law School studying comparative law and international policy. It then examines various historical and philosophical influences on concepts of human rights, including classical antiquity, English common law, Puritan covenant theology, and Enlightenment rationalism. The document specifically references the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and analyzes several of its key articles protecting freedom of religion and standards of living. It also lists some other major international human rights treaties and conventions. Finally, it briefly mentions the historical role of missionaries in spreading religious and moral ideals that relate to modern understandings of human rights.
2012-05-02 ICLRS Discussion Series - Kirkham.pptUmeshVavaliya
This document discusses the relationship between religion and human rights. It begins by providing background on David Kirkham and his position at BYU Law School studying comparative law and international policy. It then examines various historical and philosophical influences on concepts of human rights, including classical antiquity, English common law, Puritan theology, and Enlightenment rationalism. The document references key human rights documents like the UDHR and analyzes certain rights around religion from these documents, such as freedom of religion and belief. It also briefly discusses other international human rights treaties and conventions.
This document discusses the meaning and importance of rights. It defines rights as conditions granted by the state for public welfare. Rights can be positive or negative and every right corresponds to a duty. The document then classifies rights into moral rights and legal rights. Moral rights are based on ethics while legal rights are recognized and enforced by law. It provides examples of different types of legal rights like civil rights, political rights, and economic rights. It also discusses the fundamental rights granted by the Indian constitution like right to life, equality, freedom of speech and religion.
The document discusses several theories of social justice and human rights. It outlines liberals' theories including utilitarianism and John Rawls' theory of justice. Libertarian theories are mentioned which emphasize rational choice and free markets. Marxist and socialist theories focus on class struggle and unequal exchange between workers and capital. The document also discusses tensions between different human rights and how conceptions of rights change over time in response to evolving human interests and new issues.
Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion - Article 25
This article guarantees freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess, practice and propagate religion to every citizen of India. However, this right is subject to public order, morality and health.
b. Freedom to manage religious affairs - Article 26
This article guarantees every religious denomination or any section thereof the right to establish and maintain institutions for religious and charitable purposes, manage its own affairs in matters of religion, own and acquire movable and immovable property and administer such property.
c. Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion - Article 27
No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes
Bangladesh's constitution and laws aim to protect religious minorities, but in practice minorities still face discrimination. Minority groups are sometimes marginalized through insensitive laws, unequal justice systems, and exploitation of political power by dominant ethnic or religious groups. While Bangladesh has ratified international treaties protecting minority rights, amendments to its constitution have weakened fundamental freedoms and the rights of minorities are not always guaranteed as per international law. There remains a need to better implement human rights protections for religious minorities in Bangladesh to achieve true equality and social stability.
Human rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights)Angie Magdasoc
This document discusses human rights and provides an overview of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It describes how human rights are inherent to all humans, regardless of attributes and without discrimination. It outlines the key characteristics and principles of human rights. The document also summarizes the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights that are laid out in the 30 articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It concludes by briefly mentioning some human rights issues in the Philippines and listing some local and international human rights organizations.
This document provides an overview of human rights and their origins. It discusses key documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, characteristics of human rights like indivisibility and non-discrimination. Theories of human rights are explored, including moral theory, social justice theory and structured theory. Civil and political rights as well as social, economic and cultural rights are defined.
Human Rights In Islam And Common Misconceptionszakir2012
The document discusses human rights in Islam and common misconceptions about them. It summarizes the key principles of human rights in Islam, which aim to balance individual rights and societal rights. It notes three main trends in conceptualizing these rights and argues that Islam follows the third trend by giving each their due rights according to Islamic law. The document then examines how Islam preserves the five essential necessities of life for humans: religion, self, mind, honor and lineage, and wealth. It emphasizes that equality in Islam means equality of humanity, not identicalness, as there are natural differences but no discrimination.
Excerpts from the 2011 World Day of Peace Message from Pope Benedict XVI on Religious Liberty. It ends with an American perspective on religious liberty during the constitutional debate of 1788
This document discusses civil and political rights from both a national and international perspective. Nationally, it outlines the fundamental rights protected under Part III of the Indian Constitution, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion. Internationally, it describes the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 1966. The ICCPR protects rights like the right to life, freedom from torture, liberty, privacy, religion, opinion, assembly, and equality. The ICCPR has had a significant impact on protecting human rights at both the national and international levels.
This presentation is about the Provisions of Human Rights in Indian Constitution prepared for B.Ed. Semester IV Students in a period of #covid19#lockdown to facilitate online learning.
International covenant on civil and political rightsSurakshya Poudel
The document summarizes the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). It describes the ICCPR as a multilateral treaty adopted by the UN in 1966 that recognizes inherent human dignity and promotes civil/political rights. The ICCPR has 173 parties and is monitored by the 18-member Human Rights Committee. It contains rights like freedom of speech, religion, privacy, fair trials, and more. States must submit reports on compliance, and individuals can submit complaints through optional protocols.
This document discusses the implications of the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities for organizations that provide services related to human rights and well-being. It outlines key aspects of the Charter, including which public authorities it applies to and which specific human rights it protects. It also discusses how the Charter can be used to challenge discriminatory practices, create a human rights-based approach to serving clients, and address human rights issues in two case studies involving access to drug treatment and housing.
HUMAN RIGHT EDUCATION AND GOOD CITIZENSHIPRhon Paigao
This document discusses human rights education. It defines human rights education as all learning that develops knowledge, skills and values of human rights. It explains that human rights education grew in recognition as a tool for social change and increasing awareness of rights for all. The document outlines that the UN declared a decade for human rights education to strengthen respect for human rights and promote understanding between groups. It discusses models of human rights education including values and awareness, accountability, and transformational models. The importance of teaching human rights and citizenship in formal education is also addressed.
The document defines human rights and discusses their origins and categories. It provides definitions of human rights from the United Nations and Philippine Commission on Human Rights as inherent rights necessary for human life and dignity. The document then outlines the basic characteristics of human rights as fundamental, inalienable, and universal. It proceeds to categorize human rights and provide examples, such as political rights, democratic rights, and economic/social/cultural rights. The document concludes by tracing the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines from the 1896 Malolos Constitution to provisions in modern constitutions beginning in 1935.
The document discusses human rights and duties as outlined in the Indian Constitution. It describes several key rights such as: the right to equality; freedom of speech, expression and peaceful assembly; religious freedom; freedom from exploitation like trafficking and child labor; the right to education and culture; and the right to constitutional remedies. It also discusses corresponding fundamental duties of citizens to promote national harmony, renounce practices against women's dignity, strive for excellence, and protect the environment. However, it questions whether these rights are truly respected in practice by providing examples where certain rights like freedom of speech and protection from exploitation appear to have been violated.
The document discusses the history and theories of the social contract from philosophers like Rousseau, Hobbes, Locke, and Rawls. It also discusses proposed changes needed for a new social contract, including strengthening social protections like universal basic income or better targeted safety nets due to economic insecurity. Another proposed change is ensuring universal access to affordable internet as it becomes essential for work, citizenship, and services. A new social contract may not promise job security but should guarantee social and economic security through alternative means as the relationship between employers and employees changes.
The republicans opportunity to restore americaMary Lee Harsha
This PDF was written by Craig Biddle at The Objective Standard. Craig gave me permission to spread it far and wide. It addresses what the Republicans need to know if they are going to restore America.
The document discusses the definition and characteristics of human rights. It provides several definitions of human rights from different organizations that describe them as inherent and inalienable rights to life, dignity, and self-development. The document outlines that human rights are universal and belong equally to all people without discrimination. It lists categories of human rights and their basic characteristics of being inalienable, inherent, indivisible, fundamental, universal, and interdependent. The document discusses the modern perspective of human rights emerging after World War 2 and the principles of universality, inalienability, and the rule of law in resolving conflicts between rights.
This document outlines a declaration from the Organization of Islamic Conference regarding human rights according to Islamic principles. It affirms that all human beings are equal and have certain fundamental rights, including the right to life, education, work, own property, and freedom of movement. It condemns colonialism, oppression, and exploitation. Some key rights it identifies include equality before the law regardless of attributes, the right to marriage and family protection, children's rights to education and care, and economic rights such as fair wages. The declaration aims to define human rights from an Islamic perspective.
This document discusses the relationship between religion and human rights. It begins by providing background on David Kirkham and his position at BYU Law School studying comparative law and international policy. It then examines various historical and philosophical influences on concepts of human rights, including classical antiquity, English common law, Puritan covenant theology, and Enlightenment rationalism. The document specifically references the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and analyzes several of its key articles protecting freedom of religion and standards of living. It also lists some other major international human rights treaties and conventions. Finally, it briefly mentions the historical role of missionaries in spreading religious and moral ideals that relate to modern understandings of human rights.
2012-05-02 ICLRS Discussion Series - Kirkham.pptUmeshVavaliya
This document discusses the relationship between religion and human rights. It begins by providing background on David Kirkham and his position at BYU Law School studying comparative law and international policy. It then examines various historical and philosophical influences on concepts of human rights, including classical antiquity, English common law, Puritan theology, and Enlightenment rationalism. The document references key human rights documents like the UDHR and analyzes certain rights around religion from these documents, such as freedom of religion and belief. It also briefly discusses other international human rights treaties and conventions.
2012-05-02 ICLRS Discussion Series - Kirkham.pptketan349068
This document discusses the relationship between religion and human rights. It begins by providing background on David Kirkham and his position at BYU Law School studying comparative law and international policy. It then examines various historical and philosophical influences on concepts of human rights, including classical antiquity, English common law, Puritan covenant theology, and Enlightenment rationalism. The document specifically references the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and analyzes several of its key articles protecting freedom of religion and standards of living. It also lists some other major international human rights treaties and conventions. Finally, it briefly mentions the historical role of missionaries in spreading religious and moral ideals that relate to modern understandings of human rights.
This document is Pope John XXIII's encyclical "Pacem in Terris" which calls for establishing universal peace in truth, justice, charity and liberty. The Pope discusses relations between states, individuals and political communities, and the relationship between men and political communities with the world community. He emphasizes that peace can only be achieved through observing divine and natural law, and respecting the rights and dignity of all people, including rights to life, worship and private property. The Pope calls on all to work for the common good through respect, solidarity and disarmament between nations.
This document outlines the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam, which was adopted in 1990 to provide guidance on human rights to member states based on Islamic principles. It affirms that all humans are equal and have inherent dignity. It guarantees rights to life, safety from harm, marriage and family, education, work, and property ownership. Some rights are not absolute, such as the right to life which can be revoked for a reason allowed under Islamic law. Overall it aims to balance human rights with responsibilities under Islamic teachings.
The document outlines the key principles and 30 articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It was drafted in 1948 by representatives from around the world and set out fundamental human rights that should be universally protected, including the right to life, liberty, equality, privacy, and freedom of movement. It expressed the view that recognition of inherent human dignity and equal rights is necessary for freedom, justice, and peace.
The document summarizes the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948. It outlines 30 articles that establish fundamental human rights that all people should universally enjoy including the rights to life, liberty, security, privacy, ownership of property, freedom of speech and religion, equal treatment, fair trial, social security, and more. The declaration was drafted over two years and structured like a Greek temple with a preamble, foundational principles, and columns of rights grouped into categories.
The document discusses human rights and student movements in India. It provides background on the historical development of human rights from ancient texts through British rule. Key human rights concepts discussed include fundamental rights in the Indian constitution, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and public interest litigation. Regarding student movements, it summarizes a recent protest at JNU around nationalist slogans that were deemed unlawful. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of protecting human rights and freedoms within the law.
This article outlines several rights related to work including:
1) The right of all individuals to work and choose their employment
2) The right to just and favorable work conditions and protection from unemployment
3) The right to equal pay for equal work without discrimination
It also mentions rights to rest, reasonable working hours, and periodic paid holidays.
The United Nations declared the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 with the goal of protecting fundamental human rights and freedoms. It contains 30 articles that establish rights such as equality, security of person, freedom from slavery, and protections against torture. The Declaration had a significant impact in establishing international standards around basic human rights. National and international organizations now work to uphold these rights, such as the National Human Rights Commission of Nepal and Amnesty International.
The document summarizes key aspects of human rights and freedoms in Canada as outlined in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. It describes how Pierre Trudeau established the Charter in 1982, enshrining fundamental rights for Canadians. These include legal rights, equality rights, official language rights, and protections for minority language education and Aboriginal rights. It also discusses limitations and interpretations of rights by courts. Issues like religious symbols, same-sex marriage, and mobility rights are touched on.
The document discusses key provisions of the Philippine Constitution relating to civil liberties and individual rights, including freedom of speech, freedom of religion, right to information, right to form associations, and eminent domain. It provides explanations of terms and the scope and limitations of these rights. The document examines concepts such as police power, eminent domain, and limitations on civil liberties that can be imposed in the interests of national security, public safety, and public health.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes fundamental human rights that everyone is inherently entitled to as a human being, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. It recognizes that the inherent dignity and equal rights of all people are the foundation of freedom, justice and peace. The Declaration consists of 30 articles that establish civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the rights to life, liberty, freedom from slavery, torture, and arbitrary detention or exile. It also protects rights like privacy, marriage and family, religion, opinion and expression, work and education.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights by The United NationsJonathan Underwood
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 (General Assembly resolution 217 A) as a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations. It sets out, for the first time, fundamental human rights to be universally protected and it has been translated into over 500 languages.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines 30 articles that establish fundamental human rights to be universally protected. It recognizes that the inherent dignity and equal rights of all people are the foundation of freedom, justice and peace. The Declaration establishes rights such as the right to life, liberty, security and equal protection under the law for all people without discrimination. It also protects rights to nationality, marriage/family, religion, opinion/expression, work and education.
Abortion and Religious Freedom - speech to Lifespan meetingAl Lemmo
This document summarizes a speech given by Al Lemmo on the philosophy and tactics of the abortion rights movement. The key points made in the speech include:
1) Abortion rights advocates claim that determining when life begins is a religious question rather than a scientific one, in an effort to introduce confusion and doubt. However, scientifically life begins at conception.
2) The Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade introduced further confusion by claiming medicine, philosophy and theology must agree on when life begins, avoiding the key question of whether abortion ends a human life.
3) The abortion rights movement employs tactics similar to those used in George Orwell's 1984, such as claiming "war is peace" in their
Religious Dimensions Common to Human Rights Abuses with Abortion as a Case StudyAl Lemmo
This document provides an overview of a presentation on religious dimensions common to human rights abuses, using abortion as a case study. The presentation introduces a model for understanding conflicts as involving three "abortions" - theological, mental, and physical. It examines abortion as an example of rejecting the philosophy of intrinsicism in favor of "abortionism." The document outlines principles of conflict resolution and discusses opposing perspectives on defining the abortion conflict, with the goal of building understanding and stopping human rights abuses.
1) The document discusses the authority of the President to end abortion in the US without needing approval from the Supreme Court. It argues that the President has an obligation based on his oath of office to enforce the Constitution and stop the killing of unborn children, which it considers persons under the law.
2) It critiques the Roe v. Wade decision for sidestepping the question of when life begins and asserts that prenatal lives clearly exist based on biology.
3) The author believes the President should shut down abortion clinics and revoke the licenses of providers, ignoring any court rulings against such actions. Precedent is cited of past presidents like Jackson and Lincoln sometimes ignoring Supreme Court decisions.
The document proposes that abortion is based in a cult called "Abortionism" that violates the philosophy of "Intrinsicism" which is the foundation of the United States. Abortionism has three "abortions": 1) denying God's authority to grant human rights, 2) mentally relegating groups as less than human, 3) physically aborting or destroying lives. The sects of Abortionism are defined by their criteria for discrimination, such as racism. The document argues this framing effectively counters the notion that opposition to abortion is solely religious by linking it to principles of human rights.
This document discusses abortion in relation to just war theory and the laws of war. It argues that abortion violates several criteria for a just war, including that it is not declared by a legitimate authority, lacks a just cause, is not pursued as a last resort, and inflicts disproportionate harm by targeting non-combatants (the unborn). The document provides examples of how abortion contravenes principles like proportionality, discrimination between combatants and non-combatants, and right intention. It questions why ethical considerations seem to be suspended for the unborn and critiques the rationale and language used to support abortion.
This document provides suggested key dates throughout the year for pro-life and constitutional educational events as alternatives to solely focusing on January 22nd. It lists various dates and provides brief descriptions of how each date could be used to emphasize pro-life messages and teach about the history of movements protecting human rights. Examples include King's birthday to reject racist arguments for abortion, and anniversary dates of important court cases and battles to draw connections to the protection of human life.
This document outlines a political strategy to undermine support for the Democratic Party by highlighting areas where the party's platform contradicts principles like the Constitution, Martin Luther King Jr.'s vision of equality and justice, and protection of innocent life. It argues the Democratic agenda promotes division, destruction, and moral degradation. The strategy aims to educate voters on real policy differences between parties and show how the Democratic agenda expands government beyond its lawful powers. It seeks to appeal to voters' intelligence and values to reject the Democratic platform in favor of principles like liberty, rule of law, and virtue.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
The Bill of Frights
1. The Bill of Frights
(aka The BRIGHTS Manifesto)
A Declaration of the Principles and Premises of the Wrong-Wing of the
American Political Universe.
When in the course of societal evolution, it becomes necessary for
those most fit to rule, by virtue of their greater education, wisdom,
goodness and moral enlightenment (hereinafter referred to as the
BRIGHTS, for Benevolent, Rational, Insightful, God-like Humanists
Transforming Society) to dissolve the political constraints which have
heretofore unjustly lumped them with the Masses, especially the
dense, poorly educated and unenlightened DIMS (Diminished Intellects,
Morally Stunted), and to assume among the powers of the earth, the
separate and enhanced station to which the Laws of Reason entitle
them, a decent respect to the opinions of humankind requires that they
should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
Therefore, We the BRIGHTS, in Order to consolidate more perfect
Control, establish perfect social and economic Justice, insure domestic
Subservience, provide for a common Standard of Living, promote
universal Welfare, and secure the Benefits of BRIGHTS Governance to
ourselves, the Masses and our Posterity, do set forth these non-
negotiable principles and premises of the BRIGHTS Philosophy and
Agenda.
2. Article 1. There is no god. Allegiances among the Masses to any
mythical being or beings shall not be recognized in law in any way.
Article 2. There are no supernatural beings or phenomena. We the
BRIGHTS have complete faith that claims of miraculous phenomena can
only be based on poor observation and interpretation.
Article 3. There is no natural law. All genuine law and moral principle is
positively determined by the BRIGHTS based on their vision, their will
and their principle of reason, uncontaminated by religion or other
antiquated traditions and superstitions.
Article 4. There are no absolute truths except that there are no
absolute truths. All moral truth shall be determined by the BRIGHTS
relative to the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda.
Article 5. Freedom of individual conscience shall be paramount so long
as it does not conflict with the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and
agenda.
Article 6. Free exercise of religion shall be confined to harmless
worship. No precepts of any religion regarding relationships among
human beings or communities, especially those precepts considered to
apply beyond the adherents of a particular religion to the whole of
society, shall be recognized in law, except insofar as they are consistent
with the philosophy and principles of the BRIGHTS.
Article 7. Free exercise of the BRIGHTS government to counteract and
destroy the antiquated, ignorant and oppressive moral and religious
precepts of the DIMS shall not be questioned.
3. Article 8. To accelerate the demolition of the oppressive DIMS
worldview, especially among their impressionable young, their
historical heroes and icons shall be portrayed as having serious
character flaws, as hypocrites, and even as SADS (Sexual Affinity
Disorder Sufferers), regardless of the scarcity of evidence to support
such portrayals.
Article 9. There shall be strict separation of church and state, except
for those churches or other religious institutions which are supportive
of the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda.
Article 10. BRIGHTS supporters who cling to superstitions regarding the
supernatural shall be co-opted by assurances that they are empowered
by their deity to support the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and
agenda. This shall be regardless of how blatantly the traditional
teachings of their deity are violated or contradicted by the BRIGHTS.
Article 11. It shall be the ultimate objective of BRIGHTS governance
that the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda shall become
universally regarded as so benevolent, beneficial and wise as to never
be questioned or opposed and that the BRIGHTS themselves shall
become as gods, objects of worship in place of mythical beings.
Article 12. Scientific knowledge and principles shall be the basis of all
law except insofar as they may be inconsistent with the BRIGHTS
philosophy, principles and agenda.
Article 13. To accomplish the praiseworthy and benevolent ends of the
BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda for all, any available means
may be justified and employed for as long as necessary.
4. Article 14. The powers of the BRIGHTS government shall be unlimited.
Obstacles to the progression of BRIGHTS governance, such as DIMS
allegiance to obsolete founding principles and documents of the nation,
shall be overcome through concerted BRIGHTS judicial interpretations
and exploitation of proven loopholes such as the words General
Welfare and Commerce. Whenever possible, troublesome but little
known provisions of such documents shall be simply ignored.
Article 15. Founding documents shall always be characterized as
“living” so as to imply progressiveness, easy adaptability, relevance to
current conditions and legitimacy of manipulations that suit the
BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda. The writings of the Dead
White Male founders, many of whom clearly had no understanding of
human freedom, as shown by their ownership of slaves, shall be
ignored or discredited, especially insofar as they argued that their work
secured limited government.
Article 16. There is no creator capable of endowing human beings with
anything, and especially not unalienable rights. The BRIGHTS
specifically reject the Doctrine of Divine Endowment which the DIMS
claim is the premise of the nation. The BRIGHTS alone shall be as gods,
knowing right from wrong and dispensing perfect social and economic
justice in accordance with the principle of BRIGHTS reason.
Article 17. Individuals are included in or excluded from the moral
community of persons recognized under the law based on the criteria
established by the BRIGHTS in accordance with the principle of BRIGHTS
reason.
Article 18. Rights are granted or denied to all by choice of the BRIGHTS
based on the principle of BRIGHTS reason and recognizing only those
5. criteria for any choice to make such grants or denials that are approved
by the BRIGHTS. No rights shall be inherent with human lives based
only on their biological existence. We the BRIGHTS shall decide.
Article 19. Sufficiently undesirable or troublesome individuals or entire
populations, as determined by the BRIGHTS, shall be subjected to
demeaning and dehumanizing media campaigns, marginalized and
mentally relegated to subhuman categories in the public mind. They
shall be placed outside the moral community of persons, thereby
effectively removing conscience as an obstacle, such that anything can
be done to them in order to achieve the wise and benevolent BRIGHTS
objectives.
Article 20. There is no settled law. All laws arising from DIMS traditions
shall be subject to revision based on the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles
and agenda, especially those based on such oppressive ideas as
monogamous and solely heterosexual marriage and the sanctity of
human life. Existing laws bearing the taint of religion shall be especially
suspect.
Article 21. The BRIGHTS international movement shall insert such
vague, positive and harmless sounding terms as “reproductive health
care” into international documents and agreements such that they can
later be interpreted by BRIGHTS dominated judicial and administrative
bodies to include such practices as prenatal live dismemberment, and
held to be binding on all nations, even where DIMS traditions are still
strong, under such concepts as customary law.
Article 22. Everyone of any age has a fundamental right to have sexual
relations with any one or more individuals, animals or objects, at any
time, in any place, in any manner of their choosing. Sexual relations
6. shall be considered a need rather than simply a want, which must be
satisfied at any cost. The BRIGHTS government shall be empowered to
enable sexual relations of any kind for all, without adverse
consequences and regardless of any ignorant, backward and antiquated
DIMS religious precepts to the contrary.
Article 23. Everyone of any age has the right to terminate any condition
arising from the arbitrary caprices of nature which might result in the
unequal treatment of the sexes. No one shall have any responsibility or
obligation to any mere products of conception.
Article 24. Everyone has the right to a common standard of living as
determined by the BRIGHTS.
Article 25. Everyone shall be expected to contribute to society in
accordance with his or her abilities as determined by BRIGHTS wisdom.
Article 26. Everyone shall receive what is due him or her according to
his or her need as determined by BRIGHTS wisdom.
Article 27. The existence of material inequities in society being
evidence of structural economic injustices, the BRIGHTS government
must have the power to rectify such inequities and equalize living
standards for all.
Article 28. Those possessing greater wealth or receiving greater
incomes than others must be taxed more heavily than others because
that’s where the money is.
Article 29. The BRIGHTS government must have the power to rectify
historical social injustices based on race, ethnicity, sex, age, language,
national origin, sexual disorientation, lifestyles, deathstyles or other
7. common criteria for discrimination, based on BRIGHTS principles,
regardless of the degree of responsibility for such injustices or degree
of injury due to such injustices on the part of those now living.
Article 30. Responsibility for all social and individual problems shall be
attributed to society as a whole. The concept of individual
responsibility shall be erased from human memory to promote the
universal habit of looking to BRIGHTS wisdom for all decision-making.
Article 31. Negative consequences of foolhardy or immoral behavior as
judged under the DIMS value system, whether the behavior be
economic, social, political or otherwise, and regardless of how
predictable, shall be mitigated to the maximum extent possible and as
often as necessary. This is to demonstrate the infinite BRIGHTS
capacity for compassion, expand the pool of debilitated and indebted
individuals in need of the comprehensive BRIGHTS governance, and
ensure continued fealty to the BRIGHTS government. DIMS objections
to this approach as subsidizing bad behavior or moral hazards shall be
characterized as economically or socially disastrous, narrow-minded,
lacking in compassion and cruel.
Article 32. It being essential that the BRIGHTS control the present in
order to be able to control understanding of the past and thereby
control the future, the BRIGHTS must have the power to limit access of
the DIMS to communications media and the recording, interpretation
and teaching of history. This is to prevent the DIMS from infecting
society with antiquated and oppressive ideas that are contrary to the
BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda. The BRIGHTS may rewrite
history as necessary to delete records of earlier failures in the
application of the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda.
8. Article 33. Only language such as libberish, approved by the BRIGHTS
government’s Ministry of Truth, shall be acceptable in public discourse
so as to discourage dissention from BRIGHTS policies and even the
thinking of heretical thoughts. Critical language shall be characterized
as hateful, racist, sexist, discriminatory, inciting violence, terroristic,
extreme or otherwise unacceptable and punishable regardless of the
absence of evidence for such characterizations. This is to bully and
intimidate any resisters, put them on the defensive and place them in
the logically impossible position of having to prove that they are not as
accused. False witness in the defense of the BRIGHTS philosophy,
principles and agenda shall be encouraged as patriotic, healing,
nurturing of brotherhood and promoting the eradication of bigotry and
hate, regardless of how hateful it is in itself.
Article 34. The BRIGHTS must keep the Masses focused on highly
emotional if illusory diversions (Hate, Imminent Environmental
Catastrophes, Energy Crises, Population Bombs, New Ice Ages, Debt
Bombs, Inflation, Global Warming, Nuclear Winter, HIV-AIDS
Pandemics, Unsafe Uterine Cleansing, etc.) sold as the moral equivalent
of war. Preoccupation with these wars is to prevent awareness of and
possible opposition to the stealthy and permanent consolidation of
BRIGHTS control which will bring the ultimate peace. Thus, War is
Peace.
Article 35. Freedom shall mean the ability to do anything one wants,
with no responsibilities or obligations attached. Obsolete visions of
freedom which incorporate such extraneous concepts are bondage to
antiquated, sentimental and oppressive ideas. Such Freedom is
Slavery.
9. Article 36. Schools shall be established to efficiently promote the
BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda for the enlightenment of
the Masses. The schools shall not be permitted to provide more than a
shallow understanding of human history or any awareness of
antiquated ideas, concepts and principles that might cause anyone to
question the wisdom and moral authority of BRIGHTS governance and
thereby threaten the legitimacy of BRIGHTS rule. For the continued
flourishing of BRIGHTS governance, Ignorance is Strength.
Article 37. The primary BRIGHTS technique for public education shall
consist of loud, sustained, coordinated and consistent bleating from a
multiplicity of sources so as to create the impression of overwhelming
consensus by this proven principle of Four Legs Good, Two Legs Bad.
Dissent from BRIGHTS positions shall be discouraged by ridicule,
character assassination, career destruction, blacklisting and passionate
pronouncements that the debate, whatever the subject, is over.
Article 38. Ethnic diversity shall be celebrated to demonstrate BRIGHTS
benevolence and brotherhood. Religious diversity shall be exaggerated
so as to justify marginalizing in the name of religious equality any
ethical systems that could conceivably compete with or contradict the
BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda. Diversity of thought,
especially of political opinion, shall be strongly suppressed. DIMS
resisters of the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and agenda shall be
characterized as merely religious fanatics bent on forcing their narrow,
backward, ignorant and oppressive worldview on the whole of society.
Article 39. BRIGHTS supporters must be constantly discouraged from
entertaining dangerous ideas that they could be self-sufficient or in any
way able to function successfully without the benefits provided by
10. BRIGHTS governance. Their inherent incompetence and helplessness
without the BRIGHTS must be accepted beyond doubt. The underlying
negative and defeatist message that “you can’t” must be repeatedly
reinforced to crush any movement toward independence from BRIGHTS
governance and destroy their self-confidence, self-esteem, self-
reliance, initiative, hopes and dreams.
Article 40. The message “you’re on your own” and therefore helpless
without BRIGHTS governance must be driven home and believed by
BRIGHTS supporters in spite of the existence of family, religious and
fraternal associations, unions, co-operatives, profit-making and non-
profit corporations, insurance plans and all manner of other
organizations the Masses have historically created to manage their
affairs apart from the legal monopoly on the use of force and coercion
that is government.
Article 41. The BRIGHTS shall benevolently offer their wisdom and
judgment for the benefit of the Masses as a permanent solution when
the BRIGHTS concepts of peace, freedom and education produce their
usual social chaos. Should the offer be rejected, the BRIGHTS shall
take whatever steps they may deem necessary to assure permanent
BRIGHTS control anyway. The BRIGHTS shall always be positioned to
pose as the saviors of the Masses, especially where electoral choice is
still an option.
Article 42. The Masses must be constantly reminded of their
indebtedness to and dependence upon the BRIGHTS for providing them
with wise and morally enlightened governance which meets all their
needs and which should not be questioned. The Masses must learn to
ultimately love the BRIGHTS as though they were big brothers and
11. sisters, in spite of any disasters or sufferings that may be mistakenly
attributed to BRIGHTS policies, or any punishments that may be applied
against those who oppose the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and
agenda.
Article 43. Crimes determined by the BRIGHTS to have been motivated
by hate, especially hate for the BRIGHTS philosophy, principles and
agenda, shall receive additional punishments regardless of DIMS
traditions prohibiting unusual punishments. Other thought crimes shall
also be enacted into law as BRIGHTS creativity deems necessary.
Article 44. Everyone shall have the right to vote for those candidates
and ballot questions approved by the BRIGHTS without regard to
national allegiance or ability to prove identity. BRIGHTS supporters
shall be encouraged to vote early and vote often and to assist BRIGHTS
supporters who are no longer living to exercise their right to vote as
well.
Article 45. The BRIGHTS must have the power to adjust the results of
elections in accordance with scientific statistical procedures when the
Masses have clearly erred in their judgments. Successful candidates
offered by the DIMS shall be harassed with constant recall campaigns.
Article 46. The Masses must be prevented from possessing weaponry
by which they might harm themselves or others, or even, unthinkable
as it may seem, rise up against BRIGHTS governance.
Article 47. Rights and principles not covered in this document shall be
determined by the BRIGHTS on an ad hoc basis.
Article 48. The BRIGHTS always know best. The Masses must learn to
leave the thinking to us.
12. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on our own
dazzling brilliance and moral perfection, and eagerly anticipating the
Triumph of the BRIGHTS Will, We the BRIGHTS pledge the lives,
fortunes and eternal futures of the Masses.
Done in Collusion by the Anonymous Consent of the BRIGHTS present
the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Selves two
thousand Eleven and of the Sovereignty of the United Nations the Sixty-
Seventh. In witness whereof We have hereunto refrained from
subscribing our Names.
Signed by:
The BRIGHTS – Benevolent, Rational, Insightful, God-like Humanists
Transforming Society