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This document discusses ketamine as a potential treatment for major depressive disorder. It first provides background on major depressive disorder, noting its prevalence and typical treatments targeting monoamines like SSRIs and SNRIs. It then discusses a novel hypothesis that impaired glutamatergic function may underlie depression. The document explains ketamine's mechanism of action as a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, which leads to AMPA receptor upregulation and BDNF release, enhancing glutamatergic synaptic plasticity in the prefrontal cortex. Finally, it reviews human studies finding that a single dose of ketamine has an average response rate of 77% and remission rate of 43% for depression.
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The Central Nervous System Center, P.L.L.C. (CNS Center of Arizona) seeks to promote patient-centered, comprehensive clinical care. CNS Centers of Arizona pursues excellence in clinical and evidence-based initiatives in areas related to psychiatric disorders.
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The document discusses several hypotheses regarding depression and the mechanisms of antidepressant medications. The monoamine hypothesis posits that reduced monoamine neurotransmitter activity can cause depression. The monoamine receptor hypothesis extends this by proposing that deficient monoamine activity leads to upregulation of postsynaptic receptors. Antidepressants are thought to work by increasing monoamine levels initially, but their therapeutic effects are delayed and correlated with later downregulation of neurotransmitter receptors. Changes in gene expression may underlie these receptor adaptations.
Glutamate and psychiatry
This document discusses the role of glutamate in psychiatry. It notes that glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and is involved in memory, emotions, cognition, and various psychiatric conditions like depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. It then discusses the specific implications of glutamate for anxiety disorders, mood disorders, addiction disorders, and schizophrenia. Finally, it outlines the future implications of targeting glutamate systems for the treatment of these conditions, noting potential drug candidates and the promise of drugs like ketamine for rapidly treating depression.
Gabica ward ppt.ppt
Neuropathic pain is caused by damage or dysfunction in the nervous system. It can result from conditions like diabetic peripheral neuropathy or post-herpetic neuralgia. Neuropathy occurs when nerve cells are damaged, distorting neural communication. Pregabalin is approved to treat neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia. It works by binding to alpha-2-delta subunits on voltage-gated calcium channels, reducing calcium influx and neurotransmitter release. This provides analgesic effects. Pregabalin has superior binding and pharmacokinetic properties compared to gabapentin, resulting in faster onset of action and higher bioavailability. It is generally well-tolerated with mild adverse effects.
Current and future research developments in mood disorders psychopharmacology
Current approaches to treating mood disorders focus mainly on neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. However, there are many limitations to this approach. Alternative biological systems may be involved, such as circadian rhythms, the melatonergic system, glutamatergic neurotransmission, the HPA axis, insulin resistance, the immune system, and oxidative stress. Novel therapies targeting these alternative systems show promise and may help address treatment-resistant cases.
recent advances in antiepileptics
1. The document discusses emerging drugs for the treatment of epilepsy, providing details on mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials and adverse effects for several promising new anti-epileptic drugs.
2. These include brivaracetam, carisbamate, eslicarbazepine acetate, retigabine, perampanel, ganaxolone, and stiripentol. Drugs like brivaracetam and carisbamate are in Phase III trials as adjunctive therapies for partial onset seizures.
3. The newer drugs offer advantages over older anti-epileptics like fewer drug interactions and less toxicity profiles. They expand treatment options for
Ketamine in Treatment Resistant Depression
1. Dr. Elisa Brietzke gave a presentation on intravenous ketamine as an evidence-based approach for treating depression. She discussed ketamine's mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, effectiveness for treating unipolar and bipolar depression based on meta-analyses and clinical studies, common side effects and their management, protocols for administration, and comparisons to esketamine.
2. Ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects within 24 hours when administered intravenously, but its effects only last 3-7 days without maintenance treatment. Repeated infusions over several weeks can provide more sustained benefits. Ketamine is generally well-tolerated but can increase blood pressure and heart rate.
3. While ket
Neurohumoral Transmission in CNS
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Disorders of the reward system
The reward pathway involves dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens mediated by the mesolimbic pathway. Drugs of abuse mimic neurotransmitters like endorphins, anandamide, acetylcholine, and dopamine to directly stimulate brain receptors and cause dopamine release. Repeated exposure leads to neuroadaptations and the transition from impulsive to compulsive drug use driven by craving and withdrawal. Stimulants like cocaine block reuptake of dopamine while cannabinoids activate endogenous cannabinoid receptors. The reward circuitry is interconnected with systems regulating hunger and sex.
RECENT ADVANCES IN THE TREATMENT OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE.pptx
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Established treatments target the dopaminergic system using levodopa, dopamine agonists, and MAO-B inhibitors. New options include safinamide and istradefylline which provide additional "off" time relief when added to levodopa. Emerging drugs in clinical trials aim to target alpha-synuclein aggregation with antibodies or gene therapies seeking to restore dopamine synthesis and potentially slow disease progression.
Evaluation of Anti-Epileptic Drugs
Screening of anti-epileptic drugs, Evaluation of Anti-epileptic drugs, animal models for anti-epileptic drugs
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Recently uploaded
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
Bob Reedy - Nitrate in Texas Groundwater.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
Katherine Romanak - Geologic CO2 Storage.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
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hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
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GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
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The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
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The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
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THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
Presentation
- 1. The Antidepressant Action and Efficacy of Ketamine Tibet Rollins PSB-4434
- 2. MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER • Persistent disorder behaviorally characterized by low mood, loss of interest and pleasure. • Lifetime prevalence in the United States: 17% of the population • Numerous hypotheses regarding the cause • The monoamine hypothesis = most studied • Typical treatment = target monoamines: increase synaptic concentration • SSRI, SNRI – drawback: late onset • MAOI – drawback: adverse side effects • Novel hypothesis: impaired glutamatergic function and synaptic plasticity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) • Ketamine?
- 3. KETAMINE: RELEVANT MECHANISM OF ACTION IN DEPRESSION • Noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist • Binding site = PCP/MK-801 • IV administered dose of 2–50 μm to rodent: NMDAR blocked -> suppression of glutamate input to GABAergic interneurons -> disinhibition of glutamatergic signaling - > AMPAR Upregulation and BDNF release via VDCC Ca2+ influx AMPAR upregulation -> increased glutamate transmission and sensitivity = synaptic scaling: protein synthesis, stability in synaptic plasticity BDNF release -> mTOR pathway activation -> synaptic protein translation Result: Glutamate induced synaptic plasticity (LTP) in pyramidal neurons in layer V of mPFC
- 5. The Efficacy of Ketamine in Depression A review of human studies has found substantial efficacy: After a single dose: Average rate of response: 77% Average rate of remission: 43% - Maintenance doses = modestly successful
- 7. References Browne CA and Lucki I (2013) Antidepressant effects of ketamine: mechanisms underlying fast-acting novel antidepressants. Front. Pharmacol. 4:161. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00161 Katalinic et al. (2013) Ketamine as a new treatment for depression: A review of its efficacy and adverse effects. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (Impact Factor: 3.29). 05/2013; DOI: 10.1177/0004867413486842