The age of railroads
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•3,327 views
The first transcontinental railroad in the United States was completed in 1869, connecting the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines with a golden spike. Railroad construction was dangerous, with thousands of workers, including many Chinese and Irish immigrants as well as Civil War veterans, suffering injuries, attacks, and over 2,000 deaths by 1888. The new railroad network divided the country into time zones and enabled goods to be shipped nationwide, spurring economic growth and specialization but also leading to calls for regulation against corporate abuses.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
The Age of Railroads
The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 connected the eastern and western United States by rail, making transportation of goods and people more reliable and fostering westward expansion. The government supported railroad construction through huge land grants and loans. Thousands of immigrants, including Chinese and Irish workers, built the railroads in dangerous conditions with accidents and diseases. Railroads connected cities and towns, promoting industry, trade, and economic interdependence but also led to corruption like the Credit Mobilier scandal. Farmers organized as Grangers to demand regulation of railroad rates and prices, resulting in early regulatory laws and the Supreme Court upholding state regulation in Munn v. Illinois in 1877. The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to regulate railroads
Chapter 6 Section 2
The document discusses the Age of Railroads in American history. It describes how the first transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, connecting Promontory, Utah. Railroads helped industries like iron, coal, steel, lumber and glass to grow and expand to new markets. Towns like Chicago, Minneapolis, Abilene and Denver grew significantly due to the railroad industry. The document also mentions issues like the mistreatment of immigrant railroad workers, time zones, the Credit Mobilier scandal, and regulations passed by the Grange and Interstate Commerce Commission.
Theironhorse
The document summarizes the history of trains in the 19th century United States. It discusses how the first steam locomotive was imported in the 1830s, sparking Americans' imagination. By the late 1800s, over 200,000 miles of track had been laid across the country, connecting previously isolated cities and markets. While trains brought economic development and urbanization, their construction also led to the displacement of Native Americans and corruption scandals. The government began regulating the powerful railroad industry in the late 1800s to protect farmers and the public interest.
Chapter 8 Section 1
The document summarizes developments in science and urban life in the late 19th century. It discusses the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge, the rise of skyscrapers enabled by elevators and steel frames, and the growth of electric streetcars, trains, and subways which expanded cities and suburbs. It also mentions the development of urban planning and parks like Central Park to address crowded cities. The 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago is noted for celebrating technological advances. New technologies discussed include the Wright brothers' first flight in 1903 and improvements in printing, photography, and literacy.
Russia- Juan and Axel
Russia industrialized later than Western Europe, beginning in the 1880s with the establishment of factories producing textiles, steel, and coal mines. Under Stalin's Five Year Plans from the late 1920s to the 1930s, Russian heavy industry expanded rapidly through large production targets, growing its oil, coal, iron, and railroad industries. By 1937, Russia had developed a heavy industrial base comparable to the United States through Stalin's centralized economic planning and industrialization drive.
Lecture 3 A New American Society And Economy
The document summarizes key aspects of the Gilded Age in the United States including:
1) Six sources of rapid industrial growth including abundant raw materials, a growing labor force, technological innovations, entrepreneurs, and government support of business.
2) Important entrepreneurs of the era including Cornelius Vanderbilt, Collis P. Huntington, Cyrus W. Field, and Christopher L. Sholes who helped build industries like railroads, telegraphy, and the typewriter.
3) Surges in technological advances from inventions and innovators such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison, the Wright Brothers, and others that improved communications, transportation, and manufacturing.
Railroad Jeopardy 3
This document discusses the development and growth of the railroad industry in the United States during the 19th century, known as the Gilded Age. It describes how the Transcontinental Railroad was commissioned by Congress in 1862 to connect Omaha, Nebraska to the West Coast. The Federal government granted over 150 million acres of land to promote railroad construction across the country. Towns with railroad access flourished while those bypassed declined. By 1900, the railroad network had expanded to over 125,000 miles of track from only 35,000 miles in 1865.
TX History Ch 22.1
The document discusses the growth of railroads in Texas in the late 19th century. Railroads helped accelerate Texas' economic development by providing a more reliable and cheaper way to ship goods compared to rivers and roads. To encourage railroad expansion, the state enacted land grant laws that gave railroad companies land to sell in order to finance new track construction. This led to over 30 million acres of public land and 6,000 miles of new track being laid between 1876-1889, connecting more cities and regions across Texas.
Recommended
The Age of Railroads
The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 connected the eastern and western United States by rail, making transportation of goods and people more reliable and fostering westward expansion. The government supported railroad construction through huge land grants and loans. Thousands of immigrants, including Chinese and Irish workers, built the railroads in dangerous conditions with accidents and diseases. Railroads connected cities and towns, promoting industry, trade, and economic interdependence but also led to corruption like the Credit Mobilier scandal. Farmers organized as Grangers to demand regulation of railroad rates and prices, resulting in early regulatory laws and the Supreme Court upholding state regulation in Munn v. Illinois in 1877. The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to regulate railroads
Chapter 6 Section 2
The document discusses the Age of Railroads in American history. It describes how the first transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, connecting Promontory, Utah. Railroads helped industries like iron, coal, steel, lumber and glass to grow and expand to new markets. Towns like Chicago, Minneapolis, Abilene and Denver grew significantly due to the railroad industry. The document also mentions issues like the mistreatment of immigrant railroad workers, time zones, the Credit Mobilier scandal, and regulations passed by the Grange and Interstate Commerce Commission.
Theironhorse
The document summarizes the history of trains in the 19th century United States. It discusses how the first steam locomotive was imported in the 1830s, sparking Americans' imagination. By the late 1800s, over 200,000 miles of track had been laid across the country, connecting previously isolated cities and markets. While trains brought economic development and urbanization, their construction also led to the displacement of Native Americans and corruption scandals. The government began regulating the powerful railroad industry in the late 1800s to protect farmers and the public interest.
Chapter 8 Section 1
The document summarizes developments in science and urban life in the late 19th century. It discusses the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge, the rise of skyscrapers enabled by elevators and steel frames, and the growth of electric streetcars, trains, and subways which expanded cities and suburbs. It also mentions the development of urban planning and parks like Central Park to address crowded cities. The 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago is noted for celebrating technological advances. New technologies discussed include the Wright brothers' first flight in 1903 and improvements in printing, photography, and literacy.
Russia- Juan and Axel
Russia industrialized later than Western Europe, beginning in the 1880s with the establishment of factories producing textiles, steel, and coal mines. Under Stalin's Five Year Plans from the late 1920s to the 1930s, Russian heavy industry expanded rapidly through large production targets, growing its oil, coal, iron, and railroad industries. By 1937, Russia had developed a heavy industrial base comparable to the United States through Stalin's centralized economic planning and industrialization drive.
Lecture 3 A New American Society And Economy
The document summarizes key aspects of the Gilded Age in the United States including:
1) Six sources of rapid industrial growth including abundant raw materials, a growing labor force, technological innovations, entrepreneurs, and government support of business.
2) Important entrepreneurs of the era including Cornelius Vanderbilt, Collis P. Huntington, Cyrus W. Field, and Christopher L. Sholes who helped build industries like railroads, telegraphy, and the typewriter.
3) Surges in technological advances from inventions and innovators such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison, the Wright Brothers, and others that improved communications, transportation, and manufacturing.
Railroad Jeopardy 3
This document discusses the development and growth of the railroad industry in the United States during the 19th century, known as the Gilded Age. It describes how the Transcontinental Railroad was commissioned by Congress in 1862 to connect Omaha, Nebraska to the West Coast. The Federal government granted over 150 million acres of land to promote railroad construction across the country. Towns with railroad access flourished while those bypassed declined. By 1900, the railroad network had expanded to over 125,000 miles of track from only 35,000 miles in 1865.
TX History Ch 22.1
The document discusses the growth of railroads in Texas in the late 19th century. Railroads helped accelerate Texas' economic development by providing a more reliable and cheaper way to ship goods compared to rivers and roads. To encourage railroad expansion, the state enacted land grant laws that gave railroad companies land to sell in order to finance new track construction. This led to over 30 million acres of public land and 6,000 miles of new track being laid between 1876-1889, connecting more cities and regions across Texas.
Westerville Transportation: A Timeline from 1806 to 1982
The first pioneers came to Westerville using an Indian trail that became 161. More than 150 years passed before the completion of I-270 at Westerville Road. Vehicles changed from horse and oxen-drawn wagons to cars, trucks and motorcycles fueled by gas, diesel and electricity. The arrival of the train and trolley were greeted with great excitement by Westerville citizens but both disappeared as new forms of transportation became popular.
If those pioneers who came here 200 years ago could visit today, we can only imagine their shock at the changes in transportation: forests have become roads; bridges span the local creeks; airplanes occupy the sky with the birds; and cars travel busy highways at 70 miles per hour arriving quickly at their destinations.
For more information, visit www.westervillelibrary.org
Second Industrial Revolution Introduction
The document discusses key aspects of the Second Industrial Revolution from 1870-1915, including the rise of steel, railroads, and skyscrapers driven by new technologies. It also summarizes immigration trends during this period, with a large wave of immigrants coming from Southern and Western Europe between 1880-1920 who faced difficult journeys and lives. Additionally, it outlines how child labor was a problem during this time, with children as young as 7 working long hours in dangerous conditions because families needed the money.
The Second Industrial Revolution
This presentation helps you to better understand the second industrial revolution in the United States.
TRB Light Rail Committee (2)
This document summarizes the Portland light rail system operated by TriMet. It discusses the expansion of the MAX Light Rail system since 1986, including new lines that serve key regional centers. The presentation outlines TriMet's transit service strategy of focusing light rail investments on connecting centers, and describes several past and planned light rail projects and their alignments.
The Railroad
The document summarizes the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States in the 19th century. The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 called for the construction of the first transcontinental railroad to unite the country during the Civil War. The Central Pacific railroad company built eastward from California, while the Union Pacific built westward from Nebraska, using Irish immigrants, veterans, and thousands of Chinese laborers. The two lines met at Promontory Summit, Utah in 1869, dramatically reducing travel time across the country and ushering in population growth and development in the American West.
How the world's first subway system was built
It was the dawn of 1863, and London's not-yet-opened subway system — the first of its kind in the world — had the city in an uproar. Most people thought the project, which cost more than 100 million dollars in today's money, would never work. So how did they do it? Christian Wolmar explains how the London Underground was built at a time when no one had built a railway under a city before.
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century due to several key factors: large population and natural resources like coal and iron ore, an expanding economy, and inventions in textiles and transportation like the spinning jenny, steam engine, and steamboat. This led to rapid urbanization and growth of factories, but also poor living and working conditions for many as factories lacked regulations. The effects included the emergence of new social classes as workers faced long hours, low pay, and unsafe conditions compared to the growing middle class of factory owners.
Industrial rev
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century due to several key factors: large population and natural resources like coal and iron ore, an expanding economy, and inventions in textiles and transportation like the spinning jenny, steam engine, and steamboat. This led to rapid urbanization and growth of factories, but also poor living and working conditions for many as factories lacked regulations. The effects included the rise of social classes as workers faced long hours, low pay, and unsafe conditions compared to the growing middle class of factory owners.
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation
The document summarizes some of the key changes in America during the 1920s. It discusses how innovations like the automobile, assembly line production techniques, electrification, and developments in communication like movies, radio, and telephones transformed life in America and led to urbanization and the rise of suburbs. The mass production of affordable cars through Henry Ford's assembly line allowed for greater mobility and the growth of industries like road construction and oil. Electrification brought labor-saving appliances and entertainment into homes, changing how people worked and lived.
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation a-e
The document summarizes some of the key changes in America during the 1920s that improved standards of living. The affordability of automobiles through Henry Ford's assembly line techniques provided greater mobility and transportation options. This led to urbanization and the growth of suburbs. Other major changes included the invention of airplanes by the Wright Brothers, the spread of electricity which enabled labor-saving appliances and entertainment devices, and advances in communication technologies like the telephone, radio, and movies.
History141ass3
The document discusses the history and development of New York City from its founding by the Dutch in the 17th century to the late 19th century. It became a center for trade and immigration, growing to be the most diverse and populated city in the country. During this time, New York also served as the first and temporary capital of the United States. The document contrasts New York's growth with the rapid expansion of Chicago in the late 19th century, driven by new industries and technologies.
History141ass3
The document discusses the history and development of New York City from its founding by the Dutch in the 17th century through the late 19th century. It became a center for trade and immigration. Key events included becoming the first capital of the United States, the opening of the New York Stock Exchange, the construction of the Erie Canal, and the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge. By the late 19th century, New York had become the wealthiest and most populated city in America, though there was also great poverty and division between social classes.
Start of Industrial Revolution
The document summarizes key developments during the Industrial Revolution in England, including improvements to farming techniques that increased food production, the mechanization of textile manufacturing which brought machinery and the factory system, the development of steam power using coal which allowed factories to operate, and infrastructure changes like paved roads and railroads which facilitated transportation and further industrial growth. These changes transformed the economy from agriculture to industry and greatly increased production.
Industrial Revolution Textilesand Steam
The document outlines several key inventions from the 18th and early 19th centuries that drove the evolution of the textile industry, including the water frame, spinning jenny, spinning mule, power loom, and cotton gin. It also lists important steam engine inventions like the Newcomen steam engine, Watt's steam engine, Robert Fulton's Clermont, and George Stephenson's Rocket that powered the new textile machinery and represented the dawn of the steam age.
From revolution to civil war
The document summarizes key developments in the United States between 1790-1860, including territorial expansion, economic growth driven by industrialization and slavery, increasing population including immigration and the slave trade, and rising tensions between the North and South over the issues of slavery and states' rights. Transportation networks like canals, railroads, and telegraph played a major role in connecting the growing country and supporting economic activity.
Chp 19 2
Mining led to rapid settlement in the American West in the late 19th century, as gold and silver discoveries sparked booms in Nevada, the Black Hills, and Alaska. Temporary mining towns, or "boomtowns", would be quickly constructed by miners and the merchants who supplied them, growing into wood structures before declining just as rapidly when the minerals played out, leaving ghost towns. Mining brought pollution, deforestation, and displacement of Native Americans while lacking organized law enforcement during booms. The Transcontinental Railroad Act of 1862 funded the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads to build the first rail line connecting America's coasts, opening up the West to further growth and settlement.
Modern China & Politics
The document summarizes the major changes that have occurred in China from 1949 to the present. It discusses the political leadership and economic shifts from a communist planned economy to a more market-based system. Some key areas that have seen vast changes are technology, construction, attitudes, the environment, family structure and foreign policy. For example, technology has advanced greatly with things like cell phones and cameras now ubiquitous. Construction has transformed cities and the environment through initiatives before the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Attitudes have become more open to Western influences. Foreign policy goals of establishing China's territory and gaining international prestige have been accomplished.
10..S Free State
The document summarizes key events and developments in Ireland following the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, including:
1) The new constitution established universal suffrage over age 21 and included women in government for the first time.
2) Cumann na nGaedheal, the pro-Treaty party, came to power and focused on establishing a balanced budget and free trade.
3) Significant accomplishments of the early Free State included establishing a civil service system, reforming local governments, developing hydroelectric power through the Shannon Scheme, and establishing agricultural companies.
4) By the late 1920s, the economy was almost balanced but the Cumann na nGaedheal party faced challenges in
Conditions and Reactions of Industrial Revolution
The document discusses the impact of new machines during the Industrial Revolution. The machines allowed cloth merchants to boost profits by speeding up production. They needed to be run by waterpower near rivers and were large and expensive, moving textile work from homes to factories. Progress in textiles also spurred other technological inventions. The Bessemer process discovered coal could remove iron from ore to make steel. Workers organized unions and used strikes to eventually gain reforms like limiting child labor and setting safer working conditions.
Company report
This document summarizes information about the railroad company Union Pacific, including its products and services, locomotives, trains, financial information, history dating back to Abraham Lincoln, and competition. It notes that Union Pacific is a public company with $21.9 billion in revenue in 2013 and discusses some of its notable locomotives like the Big Boy and Dash 8.
LOAPUSH 23
The document summarizes key developments during the Gilded Age in the United States from 1865-1900. Some of the major events and trends discussed include:
1) The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 which connected the country and accelerated industrialization.
2) The rise of large trusts like Standard Oil and U.S. Steel which came to dominate entire industries through consolidation and integration.
3) Technological innovations in areas like electricity, steel production, and oil refining that powered the Second Industrial Revolution and made the U.S. the most powerful economy in the world by 1900.
4) However, this period also saw the rise of corporate power, inequality, and exploitation of workers
Ch. 14, Section 2- Age of Railroads
The document discusses the growth of railroads in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Railroads helped the country by enabling the transport of passengers and goods across long distances, facilitating Western expansion and the growth of cities. However, their rapid growth also led to corruption and required government regulation. The first transcontinental railroad connecting the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads was completed in 1869, though the work was dangerous and costly in lives.
More Related Content
What's hot
Westerville Transportation: A Timeline from 1806 to 1982
The first pioneers came to Westerville using an Indian trail that became 161. More than 150 years passed before the completion of I-270 at Westerville Road. Vehicles changed from horse and oxen-drawn wagons to cars, trucks and motorcycles fueled by gas, diesel and electricity. The arrival of the train and trolley were greeted with great excitement by Westerville citizens but both disappeared as new forms of transportation became popular.
If those pioneers who came here 200 years ago could visit today, we can only imagine their shock at the changes in transportation: forests have become roads; bridges span the local creeks; airplanes occupy the sky with the birds; and cars travel busy highways at 70 miles per hour arriving quickly at their destinations.
For more information, visit www.westervillelibrary.org
Second Industrial Revolution Introduction
The document discusses key aspects of the Second Industrial Revolution from 1870-1915, including the rise of steel, railroads, and skyscrapers driven by new technologies. It also summarizes immigration trends during this period, with a large wave of immigrants coming from Southern and Western Europe between 1880-1920 who faced difficult journeys and lives. Additionally, it outlines how child labor was a problem during this time, with children as young as 7 working long hours in dangerous conditions because families needed the money.
The Second Industrial Revolution
This presentation helps you to better understand the second industrial revolution in the United States.
TRB Light Rail Committee (2)
This document summarizes the Portland light rail system operated by TriMet. It discusses the expansion of the MAX Light Rail system since 1986, including new lines that serve key regional centers. The presentation outlines TriMet's transit service strategy of focusing light rail investments on connecting centers, and describes several past and planned light rail projects and their alignments.
The Railroad
The document summarizes the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States in the 19th century. The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 called for the construction of the first transcontinental railroad to unite the country during the Civil War. The Central Pacific railroad company built eastward from California, while the Union Pacific built westward from Nebraska, using Irish immigrants, veterans, and thousands of Chinese laborers. The two lines met at Promontory Summit, Utah in 1869, dramatically reducing travel time across the country and ushering in population growth and development in the American West.
How the world's first subway system was built
It was the dawn of 1863, and London's not-yet-opened subway system — the first of its kind in the world — had the city in an uproar. Most people thought the project, which cost more than 100 million dollars in today's money, would never work. So how did they do it? Christian Wolmar explains how the London Underground was built at a time when no one had built a railway under a city before.
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century due to several key factors: large population and natural resources like coal and iron ore, an expanding economy, and inventions in textiles and transportation like the spinning jenny, steam engine, and steamboat. This led to rapid urbanization and growth of factories, but also poor living and working conditions for many as factories lacked regulations. The effects included the emergence of new social classes as workers faced long hours, low pay, and unsafe conditions compared to the growing middle class of factory owners.
Industrial rev
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century due to several key factors: large population and natural resources like coal and iron ore, an expanding economy, and inventions in textiles and transportation like the spinning jenny, steam engine, and steamboat. This led to rapid urbanization and growth of factories, but also poor living and working conditions for many as factories lacked regulations. The effects included the rise of social classes as workers faced long hours, low pay, and unsafe conditions compared to the growing middle class of factory owners.
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation
The document summarizes some of the key changes in America during the 1920s. It discusses how innovations like the automobile, assembly line production techniques, electrification, and developments in communication like movies, radio, and telephones transformed life in America and led to urbanization and the rise of suburbs. The mass production of affordable cars through Henry Ford's assembly line allowed for greater mobility and the growth of industries like road construction and oil. Electrification brought labor-saving appliances and entertainment into homes, changing how people worked and lived.
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation a-e
The document summarizes some of the key changes in America during the 1920s that improved standards of living. The affordability of automobiles through Henry Ford's assembly line techniques provided greater mobility and transportation options. This led to urbanization and the growth of suburbs. Other major changes included the invention of airplanes by the Wright Brothers, the spread of electricity which enabled labor-saving appliances and entertainment devices, and advances in communication technologies like the telephone, radio, and movies.
History141ass3
The document discusses the history and development of New York City from its founding by the Dutch in the 17th century to the late 19th century. It became a center for trade and immigration, growing to be the most diverse and populated city in the country. During this time, New York also served as the first and temporary capital of the United States. The document contrasts New York's growth with the rapid expansion of Chicago in the late 19th century, driven by new industries and technologies.
History141ass3
The document discusses the history and development of New York City from its founding by the Dutch in the 17th century through the late 19th century. It became a center for trade and immigration. Key events included becoming the first capital of the United States, the opening of the New York Stock Exchange, the construction of the Erie Canal, and the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge. By the late 19th century, New York had become the wealthiest and most populated city in America, though there was also great poverty and division between social classes.
Start of Industrial Revolution
The document summarizes key developments during the Industrial Revolution in England, including improvements to farming techniques that increased food production, the mechanization of textile manufacturing which brought machinery and the factory system, the development of steam power using coal which allowed factories to operate, and infrastructure changes like paved roads and railroads which facilitated transportation and further industrial growth. These changes transformed the economy from agriculture to industry and greatly increased production.
Industrial Revolution Textilesand Steam
The document outlines several key inventions from the 18th and early 19th centuries that drove the evolution of the textile industry, including the water frame, spinning jenny, spinning mule, power loom, and cotton gin. It also lists important steam engine inventions like the Newcomen steam engine, Watt's steam engine, Robert Fulton's Clermont, and George Stephenson's Rocket that powered the new textile machinery and represented the dawn of the steam age.
From revolution to civil war
The document summarizes key developments in the United States between 1790-1860, including territorial expansion, economic growth driven by industrialization and slavery, increasing population including immigration and the slave trade, and rising tensions between the North and South over the issues of slavery and states' rights. Transportation networks like canals, railroads, and telegraph played a major role in connecting the growing country and supporting economic activity.
Chp 19 2
Mining led to rapid settlement in the American West in the late 19th century, as gold and silver discoveries sparked booms in Nevada, the Black Hills, and Alaska. Temporary mining towns, or "boomtowns", would be quickly constructed by miners and the merchants who supplied them, growing into wood structures before declining just as rapidly when the minerals played out, leaving ghost towns. Mining brought pollution, deforestation, and displacement of Native Americans while lacking organized law enforcement during booms. The Transcontinental Railroad Act of 1862 funded the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads to build the first rail line connecting America's coasts, opening up the West to further growth and settlement.
Modern China & Politics
The document summarizes the major changes that have occurred in China from 1949 to the present. It discusses the political leadership and economic shifts from a communist planned economy to a more market-based system. Some key areas that have seen vast changes are technology, construction, attitudes, the environment, family structure and foreign policy. For example, technology has advanced greatly with things like cell phones and cameras now ubiquitous. Construction has transformed cities and the environment through initiatives before the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Attitudes have become more open to Western influences. Foreign policy goals of establishing China's territory and gaining international prestige have been accomplished.
10..S Free State
The document summarizes key events and developments in Ireland following the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, including:
1) The new constitution established universal suffrage over age 21 and included women in government for the first time.
2) Cumann na nGaedheal, the pro-Treaty party, came to power and focused on establishing a balanced budget and free trade.
3) Significant accomplishments of the early Free State included establishing a civil service system, reforming local governments, developing hydroelectric power through the Shannon Scheme, and establishing agricultural companies.
4) By the late 1920s, the economy was almost balanced but the Cumann na nGaedheal party faced challenges in
Conditions and Reactions of Industrial Revolution
The document discusses the impact of new machines during the Industrial Revolution. The machines allowed cloth merchants to boost profits by speeding up production. They needed to be run by waterpower near rivers and were large and expensive, moving textile work from homes to factories. Progress in textiles also spurred other technological inventions. The Bessemer process discovered coal could remove iron from ore to make steel. Workers organized unions and used strikes to eventually gain reforms like limiting child labor and setting safer working conditions.
Company report
This document summarizes information about the railroad company Union Pacific, including its products and services, locomotives, trains, financial information, history dating back to Abraham Lincoln, and competition. It notes that Union Pacific is a public company with $21.9 billion in revenue in 2013 and discusses some of its notable locomotives like the Big Boy and Dash 8.
What's hot (20)
Westerville Transportation: A Timeline from 1806 to 1982
Westerville Transportation: A Timeline from 1806 to 1982
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation a-e
Roaring 20's changes to american life presentation a-e
Similar to The age of railroads
LOAPUSH 23
The document summarizes key developments during the Gilded Age in the United States from 1865-1900. Some of the major events and trends discussed include:
1) The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 which connected the country and accelerated industrialization.
2) The rise of large trusts like Standard Oil and U.S. Steel which came to dominate entire industries through consolidation and integration.
3) Technological innovations in areas like electricity, steel production, and oil refining that powered the Second Industrial Revolution and made the U.S. the most powerful economy in the world by 1900.
4) However, this period also saw the rise of corporate power, inequality, and exploitation of workers
Ch. 14, Section 2- Age of Railroads
The document discusses the growth of railroads in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Railroads helped the country by enabling the transport of passengers and goods across long distances, facilitating Western expansion and the growth of cities. However, their rapid growth also led to corruption and required government regulation. The first transcontinental railroad connecting the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads was completed in 1869, though the work was dangerous and costly in lives.
Ch. 14, Section 2- Rise of Railroads
The document discusses the growth of railroads in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Railroads helped the country by facilitating the transport of passengers and goods across long distances, enabling Western expansion, and connecting cities. However, they also led to corruption and required government regulation. The transcontinental railroad connecting the eastern and western United States was completed in 1869, though the work was dangerous and many laborers died.
Presidential Abraham Lincoln signed a bill on July 1, 1862 to author.pdf
Presidential Abraham Lincoln signed a bill on July 1, 1862 to authorize the construction of the
first transcontinental railroad. On May 10, 1869, several years ahead of the timeline, the Pacific
Railroad was completed at a joyous ceremony in Promontory Summit, Utah. Suppose the train
coming from the East, actually called No. 119, came to a flat part of the country and could travel
at a constant speed of 32 miles per hour for many miles.
A) If the train ran for 3.5 hours before altering its speed, how far did the train travel during that
stretch of the transcontinental strip?
B) Show the formula and steps you utilized to arrive at your answer. Include the appropriate
units in each step of your work.
Velocity is the change in position divided by the change in times. Speed is the absolute value of
velocity. Since the train originated from the train station and is traveling away from the train
station, we will say that this train had a positive velocity.
C) For the train to have a negative velocity, it would have to ______.
D) Draw a graph of the velocity function on the grid. Scale the axes and name the vertical axis
as v(t) mph and the horizontal axis as t hours
E) Explain how the graoh of the velocity function can be used to calculate the toal distance the
train traveled in 3.5 hours.
Solution
The Transcontinental Railroad was the result of the U.S. commitment to Manifest
Destiny and its burgeoning industrial might. Long distances and slow transportation hampered
contact between eastern and western commercial centers. Both the United States government and
entrepreneurs sought faster transportation to link the two sections. For a decade after 1850,
Congress studied possible transcontinental routes, but arguments over sectionalism and slavery
blocked all plans. Not until after the South seceded and the Civil War had begun could Congress
pass an effective transcontinental plan, the Pacific Railroad Act of 1862. It called for two
railroad companies to complete the transcontinental line. The railroad would be a \"land-grant
railroad,\" meaning that the government would give each company 6,400 acres of land and up to
$48,000 for every mile of track it built. The money capitalized the project, and the railroads
could use the land to entice settlers to the West, who in turn would need the railroads to haul
freight. But Congress, afraid to fund a project that would never be completed, wrote a caveat into
the act: the railroads had to complete the project by July 1,1876, or they would forfeit the land,
money, and all of the constructed track. The Union Pacific Railroad, a corporation formed for
the venture, would build the eastern half of the line starting in Nebraska. The Central Pacific
Railroad, owned by a group of California entrepreneurs including Collis Huntington and Leland
Stanford, would build the western half. Preliminary work began, even as the nation still fought
the Civil War. Surveyors and engineers had to scout and map workable routes. Af.
Business History Session 3
The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869, connecting the Union Pacific Railroad from the east to the Central Pacific Railroad from the west. This unprecedented engineering feat joined the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by rail for the first time. While the railroad was built for national defense and to unite the country, it also made a handful of men immensely wealthy, including Leland Stanford, Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, and Charles Crocker of the Central Pacific, and Thomas Durant of the Union Pacific. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad transformed the United States by enabling rapid population growth in the West, spurring additional rail construction, and symbolizing the vast opportunities available in the newly opened western territories.
US CH 14 (Inventions and Innovations)
The document provides a quiz covering topics about Native Americans and innovations during the market revolution. It includes 10 multiple choice questions about policies affecting Native Americans, parts of buffalo used by Native Americans, and battles involving Native Americans. The second half discusses innovations like the telegraph, steam engine, railroads, oil drilling, steel production, light bulb, telephone, airplane, and their impacts on communication, transportation, industry, and daily life. Key inventors are named like Morse, Watt, Fulton, Trevithick, Edison, Bell, and the Wright Brothers.
Industrialism
During the late 19th century, the United States underwent rapid industrialization driven by three key factors: abundant natural resources like oil and iron, governmental support of industry, and urbanization. New inventions in electricity, the typewriter, telephone, and steel production transformed the economy. The railroad industry expanded dramatically across the country, standardizing time zones and connecting markets. This period also saw the rise of large corporations, labor unrest over poor working conditions, and the emergence of unions seeking better treatment of workers.
SSUSH 11 12 web_version
- The growth of the western population and railroads had major impacts on Native Americans. The buffalo were hunted to near extinction, destroying the Indians' way of life. Notable events included the Sand Creek and Wounded Knee massacres.
- The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, connecting the Union Pacific and Central Pacific lines. Chinese laborers worked on the Central Pacific portion while Irish immigrants and veterans worked on the Union Pacific.
- The railroads and inventions like the telephone had widespread effects, stimulating industries like steel and the organization of large corporations known as trusts. Figures like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan amassed huge fortunes and monopolies in oil, steel, and banking respectively.
1. The second industrial revolution, and its consequences
The Second Industrial Revolution between 1870-1914 led to many technological innovations and changes in production. New energy sources like oil and electricity fueled new factories. Mass production techniques like Taylorism and Fordism standardized work and increased output. New materials, transportation methods, and communication technologies transformed society. While living standards rose for many, the period also saw increased migration, urbanization, labor organizing, and women's suffrage movements.
Transcon Rr
The document discusses the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States in the 1860s. It describes how the Central Pacific Railroad worked to lay track eastward from Sacramento, California, while the Union Pacific Railroad worked to lay track westward from Omaha, Nebraska, with the goal of having the lines meet. Four investors, known as "The Big Four", financed the Central Pacific Railroad - Leland Stanford, Collis Huntington, Mark Hopkins, and Charles Crocker. On May 10, 1869, the two lines were joined at Promontory Summit, Utah, uniting the country with a transcontinental railroad.
US History Ch 13.3
The document summarizes the transportation revolution in the early-to-mid 19th century United States, including new modes of travel like steamboats and railroads that significantly reduced shipping times and costs. Steamboats, pioneered by Robert Fulton, began operating on major rivers in the early 1800s. Railroads then started developing in the 1830s and saw rapid expansion, growing to over 30,000 miles of track by 1860 and transforming shipping across the country. Key innovations like the Tom Thumb train helped drive growing adoption of the new technologies.
14north and south
1) In the early 1800s, many new technologies and industrial processes transformed manufacturing in the North. Factories used machinery and specialized workers to mass produce goods. Transportation also improved with canals, steamboats, railroads, and clipper ships connecting regions.
2) Working conditions in factories were difficult, with long hours, unsafe machinery, and no child labor laws. Workers joined unions and went on strikes to demand better treatment. Women and African Americans also faced discrimination.
3) Northern cities grew rapidly due to industrialization and large waves of European immigration, especially from Ireland and Germany fleeing famine and problems at home. However, some nativists opposed immigration, believing it threatened American jobs and culture.
By Brandon FooThe Race Across America The First Trans.docx
By Brandon Foo
The Race Across America: The First Transcontinental Railroad
Introduction:The transcontinental railroad was an innovated technology by conveniently and efficiently letting people travel across the country. Replacing months of travel to mere weeks, it allowed communication and trade across vast amounts of distances. It employed both Chinese immigrants and Irish workers who helped build the railroad. After it was completed, it united the country together and helped build the way for commerce, people and ideas to travel from the east to the west.
Union Pacific Railroad
Part 1: How it was builtThe Union Pacific Railroad would start at Omaha, Nebraska and go west
Central Pacific RailroadThe Central Pacific Railroad would start at Sacramento, California and go east
Pacific Railroad Acts of 1862 and 1864It outlined how the railroad was going to be built, the route it was going to take and how it was going to get funded. The path that they would go through followed the established Oregon and California trails, which was used at the time by wagon trains, stagecoach lines and the Pony Express.
Black Powder/Nitroglycerin
Part 2: Technology UsageBlack powder was usually used to blast through the hard rock, but some situations, nitroglycerin had to be used. Nitroglycerin at the time was fairly new as a blasting tool and was very dangerous to transport, so they had to make it on the site.
Telegraph LinesBrought instant communication to people working along the tracks to people across the nationUsed on the day the railroad was completed where telecommunication lines were wrapped around the last spike on the track and whenever the person struck the spike, the sound pulsated across the nation.
Snow sheds
Part 2 ContinuedSnow and avalanches were delaying construction and supervisors had to devise a plan to overcome it. Snow sheds were built by making a shelter over the tracks so the snow would not interfere the construction of the railroad
Bridges/Trestle BridgesTrestle bridges were built when there was a deep gorge that the railroad had to go over and was usually built with timber until it could have been replaced with iron, which is more durable and permeant.
Chinese Immigrants
Part 3: Social ImpactThe Chinese were the backbone of building the tracks for the Central Pacific and compromised nearly 80% of the workforce They worked in eight hour shifts and only stopped when another person had to put in the black powder, where they lit fuse and would then run to a safe distance to avoid the explosion.
Irish Immigrants and Civil War VeteransOn the Union Pacific Railroad, it mostly consisted of Irish immigrants and Civil War Veterans.The Irish workers and veterans constantly got drunk, went to brothels and gambling dens which brought a lot of vices to the towns that the tracks went through.
Mormons
Part 3 ContinuedThe main reason why the Mormons worked on the railroad was because it would go through the Utah territ ...
Industrial revolution
The document summarizes key aspects of the Industrial Revolution that occurred in Britain between the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It overviews how Britain transitioned from an agrarian economy to one powered by machinery, steam, and factories. This industrialization process had wide-ranging economic, political, and social impacts, including increased production, changes to the social class structure, and both benefits and problems for workers. The text provides details on several important innovations, such as steam engines and cotton manufacturing machines, that drove Britain's industrial transformation.
M1HARoadTrip.docxModule 1 Honors Assignment A Journey on the .docx
M1HARoadTrip.docx
Module 1 Honors Assignment: A Journey on the Transcontinental Railroad
Directions: Your task is to pretend that you are on an 1800s “roadtrip” on the new transcontinental railroad and you are keeping a journal of your experiences. You will create a digital journal presentation of your 1800s "roadtrip".
Guidelines:
· For each of the train stops below, you will write a one paragraph description of what you saw, your experiences, and your thoughts.
· Please organize the events in chronological order of dates each occurred.
· Your presentation should be created using PowerPoint or any other web 2.0 tool of your choice.
· You should include one graphic illustration per stop.
· Remember to provide sources for images and information.
The following stops should be included in your digital journal:
1. The Gold Rush of 1849 in California
2. Mormons and the Mormon Trail in Utah
3. Settlers moving west because of the Homestead Act
4. An agricultural college created under the Morrill Land Grant Act
5. New inventions for farmers (such as Deere’s steel plow, Glidden’s barbed wire, etc.)
6. A stop at Farmer’s Alliance meeting in rural Dakota territory
7. The Populists party meeting in which the graduated income tax and direct election of U.S. Senators is discussed
8. A Populists party meeting in which bimetallism is debated
9. The Cattle Kingdom on the Great Plains
10. Battle of Little Big Horn
11. Ghost Dance Ritual
12. Battle of Wounded Knee
13. Sand Creek Massacre
14. Native Americans impacted by the Dawes Act
15. A public reading of “Century of Dishonor” by Helen Hunt Jackson
16. William Jennings Bryan’s public “Cross of Gold” speech in a town square
17. Oklahoma Land Rush
18. Sodbusters settling the Great Plains
19. Completion of the transcontinental railroad at Promontory Point
20. Comstock Lode
AmHistM1PA.docx
Which of the following allowed western farmers to ship their products to other parts of the country?
Select one:
a. canals
b. steamboats
c. railroads
d. trucks
Question 2
Not yet answered
Marked out of 10
Flag question
Question text
Why were the Mormons moving out west to the area of Utah?
Select one:
a. To seek new land
b. To take part in the Gold Rush
c. To start a new government
d. To escape religious persecution
Question 3
Not yet answered
Marked out of 10
Flag question
Question text
Why was the Homestead Act of 1862 so important?
Select one:
a. It encouraged settlement of the west.
b. It supported the idea of religious freedom.
c. It provided money to western settlers.
d. It allowed for a new western government.
Question 4
Not yet answered
Marked out of 10
Flag question
Question text
Which immigrants were particularly important to the building of the transcontinental railroad?
Select one:
a. British and French
b. African and Asian
c. Canandians and Mexicans
d. Irish and Chinese
Question 5
Not yet answered
Marked out of 10
Flag question
Question text
What was the primary reason for new settlers coming to California in 1 ...
Lesson #2 the industrial revolution
James Watt invented an improved steam engine in the late 1700s that used coal to power machines and lift coal out of mines, starting the Industrial Revolution. The steam engine led to new iron-making processes, railroads, steamships, and factories, replacing cottage industries and causing populations to grow rapidly in cities near resources. Working conditions in cities were difficult, with long hours, low pay, disease, and pollution, until infrastructure improved life. By the early 1900s, industrialization had spread across Europe and to other parts of the world through new transportation networks.
Unit 5 notes 1
The United States became the world's leading industrial power by 1920 due to its natural resources, government support of business, and large cities that provided cheap labor and markets. Key developments included the oil boom in the Midwest and Texas sparked by Edwin Drake's use of steam power to drill for oil. Henry Bessemer's development of the Bessemer Process to remove impurities from iron led to steel becoming critical to the economy and industries like railroads, bridges, and skyscrapers. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb and helped develop electric power distribution, while inventions like the typewriter and telephone further advanced industry. The transcontinental railroad connected major cities, which grew significantly, and innovations like George Pullman's sleeper cars and later
Chapter 10 section 1 power point
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the late 18th century due to several key factors: abundant natural resources like coal and iron ore, a growing population and food supply that created a labor force, and entrepreneurs willing to invest in new technologies. The cotton industry was transformed by inventions like the spinning jenny and powered loom that increased production. This led to a shift from cottage industries to factory work, bringing difficult conditions for many workers. The Industrial Revolution then spread across Europe and to the United States in the 19th century, fundamentally changing economies and societies.
Lecture 6 b industrialism & marxism - 10.2014
The Industrial Revolution transformed European society from agrarian to urban and industrial. New technologies like steam power allowed for factories, mass production, and new transportation networks. This increased productivity but also inequality as the working class faced long hours, child labor, and unsafe conditions. Critics like Marx saw capitalism as exploiting workers. The Industrial Revolution also drove imperialism as countries sought new resources and markets.
Essay On Transcontinental Railroad
The document discusses the history and impacts of the transcontinental railroad in the United States. It describes how the railroad connected the eastern and western parts of the country, facilitating travel, trade, and settlement of the West. The railroad was built between 1863-1869 by the Central Pacific and Union Pacific companies, with much of the Central Pacific portion constructed by Chinese immigrant workers. The completion of the transcontinental railroad transformed the US economy and way of life.
Similar to The age of railroads (20)
Presidential Abraham Lincoln signed a bill on July 1, 1862 to author.pdf
Presidential Abraham Lincoln signed a bill on July 1, 1862 to author.pdf
1. The second industrial revolution, and its consequences
1. The second industrial revolution, and its consequences
By Brandon FooThe Race Across America The First Trans.docx
By Brandon FooThe Race Across America The First Trans.docx
M1HARoadTrip.docxModule 1 Honors Assignment A Journey on the .docx
M1HARoadTrip.docxModule 1 Honors Assignment A Journey on the .docx
More from frufruninja
Historical settings
The document discusses how historical settings influence people's knowledge, beliefs, and possessions. It provides the example setting of Weston Ranch in 2012, noting how things were different in 1600 compared to modern times - in 1600 girls did not wear pants, marriage occurred younger, electricity and indoor plumbing did not exist, and the United States had not yet formed.
Moral of the story
Fables are stories that focus on a moral or lesson, which is called a moral. A moral is a lesson or guide for living that you can apply to your own life. The moral is usually seen through what the characters learn in the story.
Historical settings
The document discusses how historical settings shape people's knowledge, beliefs, and possessions. It provides the example setting of Weston Ranch in 2012, noting how understandings and technologies like electricity, indoor plumbing, cell phones, education, and women's rights differ drastically from settings like 1600, when girls did not wear pants, marriage occurred very young, and the United States had not yet formed.
Nouns
Nouns are words that refer to people, places, things or ideas. All sentences must have a noun as the subject, which is who or what the sentence is talking about. Nouns can refer to people like boy or girl, places like school or park, things like book or pencil, or ideas like freedom or love.
Root words, prefixes, suffixes
This document discusses root words, prefixes, and suffixes used to build other words. It provides examples of root words like "like" that can be modified with prefixes like "dis" to form "dislike" or suffixes like "ed" to form "liked." Prefixes are placed at the beginning of words and convey meanings like "not" or "with." Suffixes are placed at the end and convey meanings like "kill(ing)" or being "one who believes." The document encourages practicing identifying words containing root words like "geo," "grad," "jud," "like," "count," and "photo."
Historical settings
The document discusses how historical settings influence people's knowledge, beliefs, and possessions. It provides the example setting of Weston Ranch in 2012, noting how things were different in 1600 compared to now - in 1600 girls did not wear pants, people married younger, electricity and indoor plumbing did not exist, and the United States had not yet formed.
Nouns
Nouns are words that refer to people, places, things or ideas. All sentences must have a noun as the subject, which is who or what the sentence is talking about. Nouns can refer to people like boy or girl, places like school or park, things like book or pencil, or ideas like freedom or love.
Moral of the story
Fables are stories that focus on a moral or lesson, which is called a moral. A moral is a lesson or guide for living that you can apply to your own life. The moral is usually seen through what the characters learn in the story.
Independent states in south and southeast asia
The document summarizes the independence and development of several countries in South and Southeast Asia following the end of British colonial rule in the region. It discusses the partition of India and Pakistan along religious lines, the establishment of secular democracies in India and turmoil in Pakistan. It also outlines the independence movements and communist insurgencies in Southeast Asian countries like the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos.
Communist china
Mao Zedong led the Chinese communists to victory in the 1945 civil war, establishing the People's Republic of China. He launched campaigns like the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution to rapidly industrialize China and transform it into a communist state, resulting in the deaths of millions from famine and persecution. After Mao's death in 1976, Deng Xiaoping reformed China's economy and opened it up globally, leading to dramatic growth but also a movement for more political democracy and Western influences that the government continues to suppress.
Mexico, cuba, and central america
The document summarizes political and economic events in Mexico, Cuba, Central America, and South America from the 1960s-2000s. It discusses the student protests in Mexico in the 1960s, the rise of the PRI political party, Mexico's oil boom and later debt crisis. It outlines Fidel Castro's Cuban revolution and the US embargo against Cuba. For Central America, it summarizes civil wars in El Salvador and Nicaragua and US involvement, as well as the overthrow of Manuel Noriega in Panama. It also briefly discusses economic and political challenges faced by Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and their various leaders and regimes over this period.
Conflict in the middle east & the challenge
The document summarizes key events related to conflict in the Middle East, including the establishment of Israel in 1948 which led to the Arab-Israeli conflict over Palestine. It discusses Egypt's blockade against Israeli ships in the late 1950s and the resulting Six Day War that tripled Israel's size. The formation of OPEC in 1960 led to large oil price increases and shortages. The Camp David Accords in 1979 established an Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty. It also outlines Nasser's rise in Egypt and promotion of Pan-Arabism, as well as turmoil in Iran and Iraq including the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and Iraq's war with Iran from 1980-1989 led by Saddam Hussein.
Europe and the u.s.
1) Western Europe moved towards greater economic integration through organizations like the EEC and EU, which established a common market and eventually a common currency, the euro.
2) France experienced economic difficulties under Mitterrand's socialist government, which nationalized industries but failed to turn the economy around.
3) Germany reunified in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin Wall, but rebuilding East Germany burdened the economy with high taxes and unemployment.
4) Britain saw economic reforms under Thatcher that reduced welfare spending and union power, improving the economy overall but hurting old industrial areas.
Western society and culture
1. Western society experienced significant changes in science, technology, population, and culture from the 1960s to early 2000s.
2. Major developments included the US landing on the moon in 1969, declining birth rates in wealthy nations, and the emergence of women's liberation movements.
3. New technologies and media also globalized culture through movies, music, television and sports, while religious and regional identities remained important.
Welfare
The document discusses the history and purpose of the US welfare system. It was created in the 1930s during the Great Depression to help low-income citizens. However, some began abusing the system in the 1970s by not working and having more children for increased benefits. In response, President Clinton signed welfare reform in the 1990s that gave states more control over welfare and aimed to provide short-term assistance to help people become self-sufficient.
The great depression
The Great Depression was caused by multiple factors including the 1929 stock market crash where stockholders lost over $40 billion, bank failures, reduced purchasing across the US and Europe, American economic policies in Europe, and drought conditions. It affected the entire world and lasted 3 years, leaving many homeless and unemployed with half of those still working getting reduced pay. President Roosevelt created programs like the New Deal, Works Progress Administration, and US Housing Authority to aid recovery.
Scottsboro boys
The document summarizes key details about the Scottsboro Boys case, including who the nine boys were who were falsely accused of rape, information about Ruby Bates and Victoria Price who made the accusations, and key evidence that cast doubt on the accusations, including a letter from Bates admitting she lied. It provides a timeline of events from their arrest in 1931 through convictions and appeals through the 1930s.
Harper lee
Harper Lee was born in 1926 in Monroeville, Alabama and dropped out of law school to pursue her dream of becoming a writer. Her 1960 novel "To Kill a Mockingbird" won the Pulitzer Prize and was based on racism and discrimination, becoming her only published work. Now 85 years old, Harper Lee lives peacefully in New York City avoiding attention around her still famous novel.
Emmett till
Emmett Till was a 14-year-old African American boy from Chicago who was visiting relatives in Money, Mississippi in the summer of 1955. While there, he was accused of flirting with a white woman in a grocery store. In response, the woman's husband and brother kidnapped Till from his uncle's home, beat him severely, gouged out one of his eyes, and shot him in the head before dumping his body in a river. His mother insisted on an open casket funeral to show the world what had been done to her son, sparking national outrage and awareness of the deep racial injustices still prevalent in the American South.
The jim crow laws
Jim Crow laws were enacted after the Civil War to legally enforce racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans in the Southern United States. These laws prevented African Americans from using public facilities, services, and spaces including schools, restaurants, and other public places that were designated for white people only. While Jim Crow laws were abolished in 1968, their effects continue to negatively impact minorities today through ongoing racial inequalities, particularly for African American and Latino men.
More from frufruninja (20)
Recently uploaded
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Sign
Explore the steadfast and reliable nature of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights that define the determined and practical Taurus, and learn how their grounded nature makes them the anchor of the zodiac.
欧洲杯投注-欧洲杯投注外围盘口-欧洲杯投注盘口app|【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】欧洲杯投注是体育博彩和在线赌场之一，得益于UKGC的三项许可。 成立之初是三名博彩公司将40家博彩商店的合并的结果，共同创建一家名为欧洲杯投注的公司。 欧洲杯投注在线赌场为游戏爱好者提供了300多种游戏，其中200多种老虎机，其他游戏包括二十一点，轮盘，真人荷官和真人赌场等。
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Copper Presentation
Tesla Energy rEVolution And The Golden Age For Copper: Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Copper Presentation
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART INDIA MATKA KALYAN SATTA MATKA 420 INDIAN MATKA SATTA KING MATKA FIX JODI FIX FIX FIX SATTA NAMBAR MATKA INDIA SATTA BATTA
Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Lithium Presentation
Lithium Will Power Us For The Next 50 Years And Then Robots: Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Lithium Presentation
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Sattamatka.satta.matka.satta matka.kalyan weekly chart.kalyan chart.kalyan jodi chart.kalyan penal chart.kalyan today.kalyan open.fix satta.fix fix fix Satta matka nambar2024.06 CPMN Cambridge - Beyond Now-Next-Later.pdf
Slides presented by Phil Hornby, Founder and Director of "for product people", at Cambridge Product Management Network, on Monday 17th June 2024.
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN CHART
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on Investing in AI for ABS Alu...
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on developments in AI, the venture capital investment landscape and Curiosity VC's approach to investing, at the alumni event of Amsterdam Business School (University of Amsterdam) on June 13, 2024 in Amsterdam.
Call 8867766396 Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian M...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
Prescriptive analytics BA4206 Anna University PPT
Business analysis - Prescriptive analytics Introduction to Prescriptive analytics
Prescriptive Modeling
Non Linear Optimization
Demonstrating Business Performance Improvement
State of D2C in India: A Logistics Update
The report *State of D2C in India: A Logistics Update* talks about the evolving dynamics of the d2C landscape with a particular focus on how brands navigate the complexities of logistics. Third Party Logistics enablers emerge indispensable partners in facilitating the growth journey of D2C brands, offering cost-effective solutions tailored to their specific needs. As D2C brands continue to expand, they encounter heightened operational complexities with logistics standing out as a significant challenge. Logistics not only represents a substantial cost component for the brands but also directly influences the customer experience. Establishing efficient logistics operations while keeping costs low is therefore a crucial objective for brands. The report highlights how 3PLs are meeting the rising demands of D2C brands, supporting their expansion both online and offline, and paving the way for sustainable, scalable growth in this fast-paced market.
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
9356872877Sattamatka.satta.matka.satta matka.kalyan weekly chart.kalyan chart.kalyan jodi chart.kalyan penal chart.kalyan today.kalyan open.fix satta.fix fix fix Satta matka nambar.Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
SATTA MATKA DPBOSS KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART KALYAN MATKA MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA TIPS SATTA MATKA MATKA COM MATKA PANA JODI TODAY BATTA SATKA MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER MATKA RESULTS MATKA CHART MATKA JODI SATTA COM INDIA SATTA MATKA MATKA TIPS MATKA WAPKA ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA RESULT DPBOSS MATKA 143 MAIN MATKA KALYAN MATKA RESULTS KALYAN CHART
一比一原版(QMUE毕业证书)英国爱丁堡玛格丽特女王大学毕业证文凭如何办理
永久可查学历认证【微信：A575476】【(QMUE毕业证书)英国爱丁堡玛格丽特女王大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Recently uploaded (20)
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Sign
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Sign
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Copper Presentation
Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Copper Presentation
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Lithium Presentation
Kirill Klip GEM Royalty TNR Gold Lithium Presentation
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
2024.06 CPMN Cambridge - Beyond Now-Next-Later.pdf
2024.06 CPMN Cambridge - Beyond Now-Next-Later.pdf
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on Investing in AI for ABS Alu...
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on Investing in AI for ABS Alu...
Call 8867766396 Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian M...
Call 8867766396 Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian M...
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Kalyan Matka Results Kalyan Chart
The age of railroads
- 1. The Age of Railroads Ch. 6 Section 2
- 2. First Transcontinental Railroad The first transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869 in Promontory, Utah wher they drove in a golden spike to mark the meeting of two rail lines
- 3. The Harsh Reality of Railroad Workers Central Pacific hired thousands of Chinese immigrants Union Pacific hired Irish immigrants and desperate, out-of-work civil war veterans Workers laid track in treacherous terrain, suffered attacks from Native Americans, and faced disease and accidents 1888 statistics show over 2,000 dead and more than 20,000 injured
- 4. Railroad Time Noon was considered to be whenever the sun was directly overhead (different everywhere) A solution was proposed by Professor C.F. Dowd Divide the earth’s surface into 24 time zones US had 4 time zones
- 5. Corruption: Credit Mobilier company stockholders gave company a contract to lay track at 3X the price and pocketed the profits Growth of Towns and Cities: Pullman created a town specifically for his employees in Illinois Nationwide Market: products could be shipped anywhere in the country, so some cities began to specialize in one product (ex: Chicago stockyards) Effects of Rapid Growth of Railroads Regulation of Industry: The Grange (farmer’s org) pressed for laws to regulate railroads for the benefit of farmers- Munn v. Illinois Consolidation of Railroads: Corporate abuses, mismanagement, and overbuilding pushed many railroads to bankruptcy leading to a major economic collapse in 1893 (panic of 1893). J.P. Morgan and Co reorganized railroads.