The document discusses Thailand's 30 Baht health care scheme which was introduced in 2001 by former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. It aimed to provide universal health care coverage to all Thai citizens for a nominal 30 Baht fee per visit. While the scheme improved access to healthcare for the poor and decreased health expenses that drove families into poverty, it was also criticized for issues like overcrowding, limited resources and doctors leaving for higher pay elsewhere. Studies on its impact on the poor's health outcomes and affordability provided mixed results.