This project presents the investigation of power generation using the mixture of heat and thermo electric generators. A majority of thermal energy in two wheeler silencer is dissipated as waste heat to the environment. This waste heat may be utilized further for power generation. The related problems of worldwide warming and dwindling fuel supplies has led to improving the efficiency of any process being a priority. One method to boost the efficiency is to develop methods to utilize waste heat that is usually wasted. Two promising technologies that were found to be useful for this purpose were thermoelectric generators and warmth pipes. Subsequently, this venture included creation a seat type, verification of idea model of intensity creation by thermoelectric generators utilizing heat pipes and reenacted sight seeing. In recent years, heating and also the limitations in use of energy resources increase environmental problems with emissions. Additionally In industry, the greater part of the costs are a direct result of vitality both electrical and heat , work and materials. Yet, out of them vitality would identify with the sensibility of the expense or potential cost assets and so vitality the board will help in cost decrease. The possibilities of thermoelectric systems' contribution to "green" technologies, specifically for waste heat recovery from two wheeler silencer exhausting flue gases. It results into broad research on green advances creating power. As waste heat recovering techniques, like thermoelectric generator TEG is developed. Its implementation in automobile vehicles is administered in some ways. Tanveer Hussain | Kishore. N. Wagh "Testing and Development of Power Generation from Exhaust Gas of Motor Bike" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31025.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/31025/testing-and-development-of-power-generation-from-exhaust-gas-of-motor-bike/tanveer-hussain
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generation. The use of industrial power and heat, resulting into high efficiency of the industrial unit and high profits. Reliability on energy provider is reduced.
Energy efficiency in synchronous single-phase motors 220 (VAC) - 50 (Hz) PMSM...Ibar Federico Anderson
Taking into account the importance of the Energy Efficiency (EE), especially the one referring to the single-phase electric power, of domiciliary and commercial consumption. The problem of the environmental impact (carbon footprint) that is being generated, means an opportunity for the development of more efficient products in the consumption of electric energy (final objective). In clear orientation with this ethical line of Dis. Ind., We worked with our own Ecodesing methodology, focused on the fifth stage of life cycle analysis (LCA): efficient use of electric energy. The purpose was to develop a synchronous motor of type PMSM of 220 (volts), 50 (Hz) of alternating current (AC); to be used in fans, air conditioners and other cooling systems: air forcers, etcetera. The main result obtained was the reduction of 52% of the active power (W), without loss of speed (revolutions per minute) of the blades. As a final conclusion we can say that there was a saving of 58% consumption of active electric power (kWh).
Design and Performance Analysis of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System fo...IRJET Journal
- The document discusses the design and performance analysis of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer lab located in Bharatpur, India.
- The peak cooling load of the computer lab is calculated to be 34.94 kW, so a 10TR vapor absorption cooling system is adopted.
- Simulations are carried out using the TRANSOL program to analyze the performance of the solar cooling system using different solar collector types and areas. Parameters like solar fraction, primary energy savings, and electrical COP are evaluated.
- It is concluded that the solar thermal cooling system can achieve good solar fractions between 0.52-0.75 and primary energy savings up to 52% for the considered location and collector areas.
Cogeneration, or combined heat and power (CHP), involves generating electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel source. This is more efficient than separate generation of power and heat, with overall efficiencies potentially over 75%. Cogeneration can reduce fuel costs by 40-50% and lower carbon dioxide emissions. It provides reliable, lower cost power for industrial processes and other applications like district heating. Widespread adoption of cogeneration could cut India's fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions significantly.
IRJET- Performance and Evaluation of Aqua Ammonia Air Conditioner System ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of an aqua-ammonia air conditioning system for automobiles that uses waste exhaust heat from the vehicle engine. The study examines how the generator and absorption refrigeration system can utilize the available waste heat. Results found that the cooling capacity was affected by the ammonia concentration and provided acceptable cooling between 1-1.5 tons. The coefficient of performance was highest at higher generator and evaporator temperatures but decreased with increasing condenser and absorber temperatures. Overall, the study shows that an aqua-ammonia vapor absorption system has the potential to provide air conditioning for vehicles using only waste exhaust heat from the engine.
The document summarizes a study analyzing the feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy system for a remote field location in Ladakh, India. Wind and solar data were collected at the site over a year. Currently, the location relies on expensive diesel generators. The study uses Homer software to model a system combining 10 wind turbines, solar PV, batteries, and one existing diesel generator. This hybrid system could meet the location's needs while reducing diesel consumption by 23.5% and lowering the cost of electricity compared to the current system. Challenges of developing off-grid hybrid systems for remote areas are also discussed.
Energy generation using exaust then cooling- Power point presentationItnesh Kumar
The document summarizes research on using thermoelectric generators to convert waste heat from vehicle exhaust into electric power. It describes how exhaust gas provides heat to thermoelectric modules, while a cooling system provides the cold sink. Experimental studies showed energy can be efficiently captured from exhaust and thermoelectric generators may someday reduce or eliminate alternators in vehicles. The document outlines the Seebeck effect principle behind thermoelectric generation and provides a block diagram of a prototype system using a hot air gun and fan to test a thermoelectric generator charging a battery. In conclusion, it states thermoelectric generation from vehicle exhaust is an eco-friendly way to recover wasted heat and produce electric power.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generation. The use of industrial power and heat, resulting into high efficiency of the industrial unit and high profits. Reliability on energy provider is reduced.
Energy efficiency in synchronous single-phase motors 220 (VAC) - 50 (Hz) PMSM...Ibar Federico Anderson
Taking into account the importance of the Energy Efficiency (EE), especially the one referring to the single-phase electric power, of domiciliary and commercial consumption. The problem of the environmental impact (carbon footprint) that is being generated, means an opportunity for the development of more efficient products in the consumption of electric energy (final objective). In clear orientation with this ethical line of Dis. Ind., We worked with our own Ecodesing methodology, focused on the fifth stage of life cycle analysis (LCA): efficient use of electric energy. The purpose was to develop a synchronous motor of type PMSM of 220 (volts), 50 (Hz) of alternating current (AC); to be used in fans, air conditioners and other cooling systems: air forcers, etcetera. The main result obtained was the reduction of 52% of the active power (W), without loss of speed (revolutions per minute) of the blades. As a final conclusion we can say that there was a saving of 58% consumption of active electric power (kWh).
Design and Performance Analysis of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System fo...IRJET Journal
- The document discusses the design and performance analysis of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer lab located in Bharatpur, India.
- The peak cooling load of the computer lab is calculated to be 34.94 kW, so a 10TR vapor absorption cooling system is adopted.
- Simulations are carried out using the TRANSOL program to analyze the performance of the solar cooling system using different solar collector types and areas. Parameters like solar fraction, primary energy savings, and electrical COP are evaluated.
- It is concluded that the solar thermal cooling system can achieve good solar fractions between 0.52-0.75 and primary energy savings up to 52% for the considered location and collector areas.
Cogeneration, or combined heat and power (CHP), involves generating electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel source. This is more efficient than separate generation of power and heat, with overall efficiencies potentially over 75%. Cogeneration can reduce fuel costs by 40-50% and lower carbon dioxide emissions. It provides reliable, lower cost power for industrial processes and other applications like district heating. Widespread adoption of cogeneration could cut India's fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions significantly.
IRJET- Performance and Evaluation of Aqua Ammonia Air Conditioner System ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of an aqua-ammonia air conditioning system for automobiles that uses waste exhaust heat from the vehicle engine. The study examines how the generator and absorption refrigeration system can utilize the available waste heat. Results found that the cooling capacity was affected by the ammonia concentration and provided acceptable cooling between 1-1.5 tons. The coefficient of performance was highest at higher generator and evaporator temperatures but decreased with increasing condenser and absorber temperatures. Overall, the study shows that an aqua-ammonia vapor absorption system has the potential to provide air conditioning for vehicles using only waste exhaust heat from the engine.
The document summarizes a study analyzing the feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy system for a remote field location in Ladakh, India. Wind and solar data were collected at the site over a year. Currently, the location relies on expensive diesel generators. The study uses Homer software to model a system combining 10 wind turbines, solar PV, batteries, and one existing diesel generator. This hybrid system could meet the location's needs while reducing diesel consumption by 23.5% and lowering the cost of electricity compared to the current system. Challenges of developing off-grid hybrid systems for remote areas are also discussed.
Energy generation using exaust then cooling- Power point presentationItnesh Kumar
The document summarizes research on using thermoelectric generators to convert waste heat from vehicle exhaust into electric power. It describes how exhaust gas provides heat to thermoelectric modules, while a cooling system provides the cold sink. Experimental studies showed energy can be efficiently captured from exhaust and thermoelectric generators may someday reduce or eliminate alternators in vehicles. The document outlines the Seebeck effect principle behind thermoelectric generation and provides a block diagram of a prototype system using a hot air gun and fan to test a thermoelectric generator charging a battery. In conclusion, it states thermoelectric generation from vehicle exhaust is an eco-friendly way to recover wasted heat and produce electric power.
The Co-Generation Plant at UConn generates all the power needed for campus using natural gas-powered turbines. It is more efficient than a conventional power plant, producing both electricity and steam for heating and cooling. The plant costs $80 million to build but saves $10 million per year in energy costs. It uses water reclamation facilities and produces steam with boilers and turbines, distributing it through an underground piping system to buildings across campus.
Financial Evaluation of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System for Computer ...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates the financial feasibility of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer laboratory in Bharatpur, India. It finds that:
1. The system is technically feasible, achieving a solar fraction of 0.52-0.75 depending on the collector area. However,
2. Financially, the system is currently not feasible due to the high initial costs of absorption chillers and solar collectors. It provides only marginal annual savings, resulting in very high payback periods of 67-83 years.
3. A sensitivity analysis found that with reduced total investment costs (e.g. due to technology improvements) and increased electricity prices in the future, the payback period could decrease significantly
case study on energy conservation and utilization.tamboliameer
1) The document discusses energy conservation and load distribution analysis conducted at VIIT. It analyzed the institute's energy usage and expenses from 2012-2014.
2) Solar panels were installed in 2013, which led to a decrease in electricity expenses from nearly Rs. 11 lakh in 2012 to Rs. 7.98 lakh in 2013 despite increased campus load.
3) Further energy conservation measures helped reduce expenses further to Rs. 5.14 lakh in 2014, representing over 60% savings from 2012 levels.
A case study on total Energy Conservation opportunities in a Solar power assi...Ambika Prasanna Dhal
This document summarizes a case study on energy conservation opportunities at a solar power-assisted building. It analyzes the current energy consumption at GIET campus and identifies opportunities to reduce usage. An energy audit was conducted to assess lighting, HVAC, motor, and other loads. Conservation measures like efficient lighting, fans, and motors were implemented. While energy usage increased 10% with a new building from 2012-2014, electricity costs decreased 5.61% due to conservation efforts. The study concludes energy conservation can reduce costs and environmental impacts through efficient technologies and operations.
Pinch analysis a tool for efficient use of energyArvind Kumar
This document provides an overview of process intensification. It defines process intensification as dramatically reducing the physical size of chemical plant equipment to lower costs. Process intensification can reduce equipment size by factors of 10 to 1000. It offers benefits like lower capital costs, improved safety, and reduced environmental impact. Process intensification includes novel equipment like static mixer reactors and monolithic catalysts as well as methods like reactive distillation, reverse flow reactors, and sonochemistry that integrate and intensify unit operations.
Energy and Exergy Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle Using Alternative Working...IOSR Journals
This document analyzes the energy and exergy efficiency of organic Rankine cycles (ORC) using different working fluids, including HFO-1234yf, HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, ethanol, and iso-pentane. The study models saturated and trilateral ORC cycles and compares the thermal and exergetic efficiency of the cycles using different working fluids. The results show that HFO-1234yf and HFC-134a have the highest thermal and exergetic efficiencies. HFO-1234yf is identified as a promising working fluid for low to medium temperature ORC applications due to its low global warming potential, zero ozone depletion, and low evaporation temperature. The paper
Performance Analysis Methodology for Parabolic Dish Solar Concentrators for P...IOSR Journals
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
The document summarizes four air conditioning systems that can enhance green technology:
1) Solar-enhanced systems that use solar thermal energy to drive double effect chillers for more efficient cooling.
2) Ice-powered air conditioners that store energy at night in ice to provide cooling during peak daytime hours using 95% less energy.
3) Systems using natural refrigerants like hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide that are more energy efficient and have lower global warming potential than fluorocarbons.
4) Inverter technology that varies compressor speed based on cooling needs, providing better temperature control while reducing power consumption up to 71% compared to non-inverter systems.
Business Idea: Industrial Energy Conservation Solutions eeaadil
The document provides details about a proposed energy conservation business, including its project profile, scope, marketing analysis, potential customers, and finances. The business would identify areas for energy savings at industrial customers' facilities by assessing equipment like motors and lights. It aims to capitalize on Pakistan's energy crisis and increasing prices by providing cost-effective conservation solutions.
Energy Audit / Energy Conservation Basics by Varun Pratap SinghVarun Pratap Singh
This document discusses energy conservation basics and India's energy consumption. It defines different types of energy and provides details on world energy consumption and India's energy sources. It discusses the importance of energy audits for industries, commercial buildings, homes and utilities. Energy audits identify opportunities to reduce energy use and costs. The government of India is promoting energy conservation and efficiency through organizations like BEE and CPRI that conduct energy audits and research.
Green Energy From Heat - Themo Electric Generation (TEG)jamietpe
The document discusses opportunities for thermoelectric generation (TEG) technology in various applications including waste heat recycling, geothermal electricity generation, and solar PV. It analyzes the potential TEG markets in these sectors and estimates annual TEG quantities of 600 million units for waste heat incinerators, 120 million for geothermal power plants, and 735 million for solar PV, totaling over 1.4 billion units per year. System integrators in each sector are also identified.
This document provides an overview of cogeneration technology. It discusses the basic principles of cogeneration, which involves generating both electricity and heat from a single fuel source. It describes the main types of cogeneration systems, including those using gas turbines, steam turbines, reciprocating engines, and combined cycles. Key components like generators, heat recovery boilers, and transmission systems are also outlined. The document concludes with industrial case studies and discussions of equipment, operations, performance analysis, and control/monitoring at Ugar Sugar Works Ltd.
This document outlines an introduction to energy efficiency and conservation presentation by E.O.B. Ogedengbe of Energhx Research Group and the University of Lagos. The presentation covers energy efficient products like lighting and appliances, as well as practices in buildings, transportation, and industry. It also discusses energy efficiency standards in Nigeria, the differences between efficiency and conservation, motivations for combining the two, and the environmental impacts of efficiency and conservation efforts.
Investigation Of Exhaust Gas Recovery System In SI EngineIJARIDEA Journal
Abstract— In our venture that creation of fumes gas recuperation framework for preheating in takes air on IC petroleum motor. The inexorably overall issue in regards to quick economy advancement and are lative deficiency of vitality, the interior ignition motor fumes squander warm and ecological contamination has been more accentuated vigorously as of late. Out of the aggregate warmth provided to the motor as fuel, roughly, 10 to15%isconvertedinto helpful mechanical work; the rest of the warmth is ousted to nature through fumes gasses and motor cooling frameworks, coming about into entropy rise and genuine ecological contamination, so it is required to used waste warmth into valuable work. The recuperation and use of waste warmth monitors fuel (non-renewable energy source) as well as decreases the measure of waste warmth and nursery gasses damped to condition. The has been recognized that there are extensive possibilities of vitality reserve funds using waste warmth recuperation advances.
Squander warm recuperation characterizes catching and reusing the waste warmth from inner burning motor for warming .It would likewise perceive the change in execution and emanations of the motor.
Keywords— Squander warm recuperation, Waste Warmth Monitors Fuel, Waste Warmth Recuperation.
This document provides an overview of process integration and pinch analysis techniques. It defines process integration as the systematic design of integrated production systems with an emphasis on efficient energy use and reducing environmental impacts. Pinch analysis is introduced as a key technique using thermodynamic principles and graphical representations to design heat exchanger and mass exchange networks. The key concepts of composite curves, surplus and deficit regions, and targeting performance ahead of design are explained. Applications to heat, mass, water, hydrogen, and carbon pinching are covered. Benefits include reduced energy usage, emissions, and costs. Global warming is discussed as a driver for increased focus on energy efficiency in process integration. Limitations of pinch analysis are noted.
Cogeneration involves the sequential conversion of fuel into multiple usable energy forms. It can produce both electrical and thermal energy, unlike conventional systems. There are two types of cogeneration systems - inplant power generation and reject heat utilization. Inplant power generation produces steam at a higher temperature than needed for manufacturing to also generate electricity using a turbine generator. Reject heat utilization uses excess steam from a power plant for manufacturing. Topping cycles produce electricity first while bottoming cycles produce heat first. Cogeneration provides benefits like fuel economy, lower capital costs, and protection from power outages. Common technologies are steam turbine, gas turbine, combined cycle, and diesel engine systems.
REVIEW OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONSijiert bestjournal
Nowadays,the worldwide worry about a global climat e change pushes to develop new energetic strategies. And more,after the recent energetic cr isis due to the increase of oil price,or the gas crisis arisen between Russia and Ukraine This paper reviews the Thermal energy storage systems which have the potential for increasing the effecti ve use of thermal energy equipment and for facilitating large-scale switching. They are normal ly useful for correcting the mismatch between the supply and demand of energy. There are different me thods in thermal storage systems.
This document summarizes information about renewable energy and electricity systems. It discusses how renewable energy sources like wind and solar are increasingly contributing to electricity generation capacity but can be intermittent. Concentrating solar power (CSP) with thermal energy storage is presented as the most viable solution currently for providing dispatchable renewable energy on a utility scale. CSP plants can store solar energy as heat and release it to produce electricity when the sun is not available, providing reliability similar to fossil fuel plants. The document argues that for high shares of renewable energy on the grid, dispatchable sources like CSP will be needed to maintain grid stability and reliability in a cost effective way.
IRJET - An Experimental Evaluation of Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System u...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that evaluated an automobile waste heat recovery system using a thermoelectric generator. The study aimed to recover waste heat from two-wheeler vehicle silencers, which are typically dissipated as heat to the environment. A proof-of-concept model was developed using thermoelectric generators and heat pipes to convert the simulated hot air into electrical power. The results indicate that waste heat from vehicle exhausts, which currently contributes to pollution and energy inefficiency, can be harnessed via thermoelectric generators to improve efficiency and reduce emissions.
A OVERVIEW OF THE RANKIN CYCLE-BASED HEAT EXCHANGER USED IN INTERNAL COMBUSTI...IAEME Publication
The majority of the heat produced by automobiles, primarily by diesel engines, is squandered in various ways. If this waste heat is collected, it can be applied in a variety of other ways. Recently, increased emphasis has been placed on the global issue of rapid economic growth, a relative energy scarcity, internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat, and environmental degradation. The remaining heat is released into the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems, leading to an increase in entropy and significant environmental pollution, so it is necessary to convert waste heat into useful work. Of the total heat supplied to the engine in the form of fuel, approximately 30 to 40% is converted into useful mechanical work. At 4000 RPM, the exhaust gas temperature is at its highest. So a recovery system is created for a constant RPM of 4000. A shell and tube heat exchanger and a uniflow steam engine connected to the main engine make up the recovery system. By reducing the frictional power at the main engine's power stroke and idle stroke, the linked steam engine increases the efficiency of the main engine. Due to the additional recovery system, the system's initial cost is significant. But over time, the system turns out to be profitable.
The Co-Generation Plant at UConn generates all the power needed for campus using natural gas-powered turbines. It is more efficient than a conventional power plant, producing both electricity and steam for heating and cooling. The plant costs $80 million to build but saves $10 million per year in energy costs. It uses water reclamation facilities and produces steam with boilers and turbines, distributing it through an underground piping system to buildings across campus.
Financial Evaluation of Solar Powered Absorption Cooling System for Computer ...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates the financial feasibility of a solar powered absorption cooling system for a computer laboratory in Bharatpur, India. It finds that:
1. The system is technically feasible, achieving a solar fraction of 0.52-0.75 depending on the collector area. However,
2. Financially, the system is currently not feasible due to the high initial costs of absorption chillers and solar collectors. It provides only marginal annual savings, resulting in very high payback periods of 67-83 years.
3. A sensitivity analysis found that with reduced total investment costs (e.g. due to technology improvements) and increased electricity prices in the future, the payback period could decrease significantly
case study on energy conservation and utilization.tamboliameer
1) The document discusses energy conservation and load distribution analysis conducted at VIIT. It analyzed the institute's energy usage and expenses from 2012-2014.
2) Solar panels were installed in 2013, which led to a decrease in electricity expenses from nearly Rs. 11 lakh in 2012 to Rs. 7.98 lakh in 2013 despite increased campus load.
3) Further energy conservation measures helped reduce expenses further to Rs. 5.14 lakh in 2014, representing over 60% savings from 2012 levels.
A case study on total Energy Conservation opportunities in a Solar power assi...Ambika Prasanna Dhal
This document summarizes a case study on energy conservation opportunities at a solar power-assisted building. It analyzes the current energy consumption at GIET campus and identifies opportunities to reduce usage. An energy audit was conducted to assess lighting, HVAC, motor, and other loads. Conservation measures like efficient lighting, fans, and motors were implemented. While energy usage increased 10% with a new building from 2012-2014, electricity costs decreased 5.61% due to conservation efforts. The study concludes energy conservation can reduce costs and environmental impacts through efficient technologies and operations.
Pinch analysis a tool for efficient use of energyArvind Kumar
This document provides an overview of process intensification. It defines process intensification as dramatically reducing the physical size of chemical plant equipment to lower costs. Process intensification can reduce equipment size by factors of 10 to 1000. It offers benefits like lower capital costs, improved safety, and reduced environmental impact. Process intensification includes novel equipment like static mixer reactors and monolithic catalysts as well as methods like reactive distillation, reverse flow reactors, and sonochemistry that integrate and intensify unit operations.
Energy and Exergy Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle Using Alternative Working...IOSR Journals
This document analyzes the energy and exergy efficiency of organic Rankine cycles (ORC) using different working fluids, including HFO-1234yf, HFC-134a, HFC-245fa, ethanol, and iso-pentane. The study models saturated and trilateral ORC cycles and compares the thermal and exergetic efficiency of the cycles using different working fluids. The results show that HFO-1234yf and HFC-134a have the highest thermal and exergetic efficiencies. HFO-1234yf is identified as a promising working fluid for low to medium temperature ORC applications due to its low global warming potential, zero ozone depletion, and low evaporation temperature. The paper
Performance Analysis Methodology for Parabolic Dish Solar Concentrators for P...IOSR Journals
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
The document summarizes four air conditioning systems that can enhance green technology:
1) Solar-enhanced systems that use solar thermal energy to drive double effect chillers for more efficient cooling.
2) Ice-powered air conditioners that store energy at night in ice to provide cooling during peak daytime hours using 95% less energy.
3) Systems using natural refrigerants like hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide that are more energy efficient and have lower global warming potential than fluorocarbons.
4) Inverter technology that varies compressor speed based on cooling needs, providing better temperature control while reducing power consumption up to 71% compared to non-inverter systems.
Business Idea: Industrial Energy Conservation Solutions eeaadil
The document provides details about a proposed energy conservation business, including its project profile, scope, marketing analysis, potential customers, and finances. The business would identify areas for energy savings at industrial customers' facilities by assessing equipment like motors and lights. It aims to capitalize on Pakistan's energy crisis and increasing prices by providing cost-effective conservation solutions.
Energy Audit / Energy Conservation Basics by Varun Pratap SinghVarun Pratap Singh
This document discusses energy conservation basics and India's energy consumption. It defines different types of energy and provides details on world energy consumption and India's energy sources. It discusses the importance of energy audits for industries, commercial buildings, homes and utilities. Energy audits identify opportunities to reduce energy use and costs. The government of India is promoting energy conservation and efficiency through organizations like BEE and CPRI that conduct energy audits and research.
Green Energy From Heat - Themo Electric Generation (TEG)jamietpe
The document discusses opportunities for thermoelectric generation (TEG) technology in various applications including waste heat recycling, geothermal electricity generation, and solar PV. It analyzes the potential TEG markets in these sectors and estimates annual TEG quantities of 600 million units for waste heat incinerators, 120 million for geothermal power plants, and 735 million for solar PV, totaling over 1.4 billion units per year. System integrators in each sector are also identified.
This document provides an overview of cogeneration technology. It discusses the basic principles of cogeneration, which involves generating both electricity and heat from a single fuel source. It describes the main types of cogeneration systems, including those using gas turbines, steam turbines, reciprocating engines, and combined cycles. Key components like generators, heat recovery boilers, and transmission systems are also outlined. The document concludes with industrial case studies and discussions of equipment, operations, performance analysis, and control/monitoring at Ugar Sugar Works Ltd.
This document outlines an introduction to energy efficiency and conservation presentation by E.O.B. Ogedengbe of Energhx Research Group and the University of Lagos. The presentation covers energy efficient products like lighting and appliances, as well as practices in buildings, transportation, and industry. It also discusses energy efficiency standards in Nigeria, the differences between efficiency and conservation, motivations for combining the two, and the environmental impacts of efficiency and conservation efforts.
Investigation Of Exhaust Gas Recovery System In SI EngineIJARIDEA Journal
Abstract— In our venture that creation of fumes gas recuperation framework for preheating in takes air on IC petroleum motor. The inexorably overall issue in regards to quick economy advancement and are lative deficiency of vitality, the interior ignition motor fumes squander warm and ecological contamination has been more accentuated vigorously as of late. Out of the aggregate warmth provided to the motor as fuel, roughly, 10 to15%isconvertedinto helpful mechanical work; the rest of the warmth is ousted to nature through fumes gasses and motor cooling frameworks, coming about into entropy rise and genuine ecological contamination, so it is required to used waste warmth into valuable work. The recuperation and use of waste warmth monitors fuel (non-renewable energy source) as well as decreases the measure of waste warmth and nursery gasses damped to condition. The has been recognized that there are extensive possibilities of vitality reserve funds using waste warmth recuperation advances.
Squander warm recuperation characterizes catching and reusing the waste warmth from inner burning motor for warming .It would likewise perceive the change in execution and emanations of the motor.
Keywords— Squander warm recuperation, Waste Warmth Monitors Fuel, Waste Warmth Recuperation.
This document provides an overview of process integration and pinch analysis techniques. It defines process integration as the systematic design of integrated production systems with an emphasis on efficient energy use and reducing environmental impacts. Pinch analysis is introduced as a key technique using thermodynamic principles and graphical representations to design heat exchanger and mass exchange networks. The key concepts of composite curves, surplus and deficit regions, and targeting performance ahead of design are explained. Applications to heat, mass, water, hydrogen, and carbon pinching are covered. Benefits include reduced energy usage, emissions, and costs. Global warming is discussed as a driver for increased focus on energy efficiency in process integration. Limitations of pinch analysis are noted.
Cogeneration involves the sequential conversion of fuel into multiple usable energy forms. It can produce both electrical and thermal energy, unlike conventional systems. There are two types of cogeneration systems - inplant power generation and reject heat utilization. Inplant power generation produces steam at a higher temperature than needed for manufacturing to also generate electricity using a turbine generator. Reject heat utilization uses excess steam from a power plant for manufacturing. Topping cycles produce electricity first while bottoming cycles produce heat first. Cogeneration provides benefits like fuel economy, lower capital costs, and protection from power outages. Common technologies are steam turbine, gas turbine, combined cycle, and diesel engine systems.
REVIEW OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONSijiert bestjournal
Nowadays,the worldwide worry about a global climat e change pushes to develop new energetic strategies. And more,after the recent energetic cr isis due to the increase of oil price,or the gas crisis arisen between Russia and Ukraine This paper reviews the Thermal energy storage systems which have the potential for increasing the effecti ve use of thermal energy equipment and for facilitating large-scale switching. They are normal ly useful for correcting the mismatch between the supply and demand of energy. There are different me thods in thermal storage systems.
This document summarizes information about renewable energy and electricity systems. It discusses how renewable energy sources like wind and solar are increasingly contributing to electricity generation capacity but can be intermittent. Concentrating solar power (CSP) with thermal energy storage is presented as the most viable solution currently for providing dispatchable renewable energy on a utility scale. CSP plants can store solar energy as heat and release it to produce electricity when the sun is not available, providing reliability similar to fossil fuel plants. The document argues that for high shares of renewable energy on the grid, dispatchable sources like CSP will be needed to maintain grid stability and reliability in a cost effective way.
IRJET - An Experimental Evaluation of Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System u...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that evaluated an automobile waste heat recovery system using a thermoelectric generator. The study aimed to recover waste heat from two-wheeler vehicle silencers, which are typically dissipated as heat to the environment. A proof-of-concept model was developed using thermoelectric generators and heat pipes to convert the simulated hot air into electrical power. The results indicate that waste heat from vehicle exhausts, which currently contributes to pollution and energy inefficiency, can be harnessed via thermoelectric generators to improve efficiency and reduce emissions.
A OVERVIEW OF THE RANKIN CYCLE-BASED HEAT EXCHANGER USED IN INTERNAL COMBUSTI...IAEME Publication
The majority of the heat produced by automobiles, primarily by diesel engines, is squandered in various ways. If this waste heat is collected, it can be applied in a variety of other ways. Recently, increased emphasis has been placed on the global issue of rapid economic growth, a relative energy scarcity, internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat, and environmental degradation. The remaining heat is released into the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems, leading to an increase in entropy and significant environmental pollution, so it is necessary to convert waste heat into useful work. Of the total heat supplied to the engine in the form of fuel, approximately 30 to 40% is converted into useful mechanical work. At 4000 RPM, the exhaust gas temperature is at its highest. So a recovery system is created for a constant RPM of 4000. A shell and tube heat exchanger and a uniflow steam engine connected to the main engine make up the recovery system. By reducing the frictional power at the main engine's power stroke and idle stroke, the linked steam engine increases the efficiency of the main engine. Due to the additional recovery system, the system's initial cost is significant. But over time, the system turns out to be profitable.
IRJET - IC Engine Waste Heat Recovery SystemsIRJET Journal
The document discusses waste heat recovery systems for internal combustion engines. It describes two main methods - the organic Rankine cycle and thermoelectric generators. The organic Rankine cycle uses a heat exchanger, turbine, condenser and pump to convert waste heat from exhaust gases into useful work. Thermoelectric generators use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. Both methods can potentially improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions by capturing some of the waste heat from engines that would otherwise be lost.
IRJET- IC Engine Waste Heat Recovery SystemsIRJET Journal
The document summarizes various waste heat recovery systems for internal combustion engines. It discusses organic Rankine cycle systems and thermoelectric generator systems for recovering heat from engine exhaust gases. Organic Rankine cycle systems use a turbine to convert the thermal energy of exhaust gases into electricity via a Rankine cycle. Thermoelectric generators use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. The document analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these waste heat recovery technologies and their potential to improve engine efficiency and reduce emissions.
IRJET- To Utilize Vehicle Heat and Exhaust EnergyIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses utilizing the heat and exhaust energy from vehicles through thermoelectric power generators.
2) Thermoelectric generators directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy through the Seebeck effect without moving parts, improving energy conversion efficiencies.
3) The system aims to capture waste heat from vehicle exhausts using thermoelectric modules to generate additional electrical power for uses like charging batteries.
This document discusses waste heat recovery techniques in car engines and the role of nanotechnology applications. It describes how up to 70% of energy in internal combustion engines is wasted as heat in exhaust and coolant systems. Various waste heat recovery technologies are examined, including thermoelectric generators, Rankine cycles, organic Rankine cycles, and turbocharging. Nanotechnology can improve heat transfer by using nanofluids with higher thermal conductivity in coolant systems. Recovering even a portion of wasted heat could improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.
Use of exhaust heat energy of two wheelers to generate power by seebeck effectIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using thermoelectric generators to convert waste heat from vehicle exhaust into electricity. It discusses how the Seebeck effect allows direct conversion of temperature differences into electric voltage. Studies have placed thermoelectric modules in contact with exhaust systems to generate power from the temperature difference between hot exhaust gases and coolant. The document reviews several past studies on thermoelectric generator design, materials, and power generation performance in vehicle exhaust systems. It finds that while thermoelectric generators can recover some wasted heat, the potential power is usually just enough to power vehicle accessories rather than significantly improving fuel efficiency. Proper system design is needed to maximize energy recovery from exhaust, cooling, and lubrication waste heat streams.
recent trends, researches in thermal engineeringvenumadugula
This presentation discusses trends in thermal engineering. It covers topics like combustion, heat and energy transfer, refrigeration, and thermoelectric energy. Specific applications discussed include using solar powered Stirling engines for industrial purposes, performance of biofuels as alternatives to present fuels, using nanofluids to enhance heat transfer in heat exchangers, the rise of magnetic refrigeration, and developments in exhaust systems and three-way catalytic converters. The presentation provides an introduction to thermal engineering and highlights areas of thermal/fluids science research like automotive engineering and developing more sustainable technologies.
Converting waste heat from automobiles to electrical energyRavi Kannappan
1. The document discusses converting waste heat from automobile engines into electrical energy using thermoelectric generators (TEGs). Approximately 70% of energy produced in automobiles is wasted as heat from the exhaust.
2. The authors propose using TEGs to harness this wasted heat energy. TEGs use the Seebeck effect to generate voltage from a temperature difference across two surfaces. The authors aim to generate enough power to charge batteries or light headlights.
3. Preliminary results show a TEG can produce 3.2 Watts of power from a 120 degree Celsius temperature difference, enough to power headlights. The authors conclude TEGs have potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption if applied to automobiles.
BANDI DAYASAGAR RESEARCH PAPER / Improving Thermal Power Plant Efficiency @Th...dayasagarmech003
BANDI DAYASAGAR (Author), Received the B.Tech Degree in Mechanical Engineering From Sarojini Institute of Technology Telaprolu, JNTUK University Kakinada,India in 2018 And M. Tech Degree in Thermal Engineering From DJR College of Engineering and Technology Gudavalli Vijayawada, JNTUK University Kakinada,India in 2020. He Has done Internship/Projects in CITD,ISRO,BHEL, RINL STEEL PLANT, IGCAR BARC UNIT. His Area of Interest includes Thermal & Renewable Energy Sources, Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics, FEM & CFD.
Introduction of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Generator in Textile IndustriesIRJET Journal
This document discusses introducing hydrogen fuel cell generators in textile industries to provide cleaner energy. It begins with an introduction to hydrogen fuel cells and their benefits over traditional energy sources. It then discusses the aims and objectives of using hydrogen fuel cells in textile industries, which are to produce cleaner energy and reduce power consumption for heating. The document provides an overview of how hydrogen fuel cells work to generate electricity from hydrogen and oxygen. It explains that hydrogen fuel cell generators can be used as an alternative to diesel generators to power the electricity and heating needs of textile industries in a more sustainable way. In conclusion, the document states that hydrogen fuel cells allow textile industries to use the waste heat produced for drying processes, reducing additional electricity usage for heating
Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in ...YogeshIJTSRD
The current presents looks at exhaust gases potential to recover low grade waste heat energy from internal combustion engines ICEs . A Prolonged Fin Counter Flow Heat Exchange PFCHE double tube was planned, analyzed, and supplied with water as working fluids to achieve this objective. The structure of a double pipe, Protracted Fin Heat Exchanger PFCHE , which performs a simulation study, is derived with exact measurements from one by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 research scholar, and then different shapes of the fin profiles were introduced in the designs suggested. The Fluent 17.0 is used for numerical analysis. The CFD results showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin, and previous studies by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin. When compared to the PFCHE with circular fin, the PFCHE net heat transfer rate is 1.76 percent higher and 2.82 percent higher than Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 report. Prof. Ranjeet Arya | Rahul Ade "Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in Diesel Engine Exhaust using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39939.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/39939/thermal-characteristics-of-different-shaped-fin-protracted-heat-exchanger-in-diesel-engine-exhaust-using-cfd/prof-ranjeet-arya
This document provides information about a feasibility study for establishing a combined heat and power (CHP) plant in Northern Khazar, Tehran, Iran. It discusses the benefits of distributed generation including reduced transmission losses and environmental pollution. Common technologies used in distributed generation plants are described. Applications of CHP plants include various industries and commercial centers. The unique advantages of CHP systems that provide both electricity and heat are highlighted. A financial analysis is presented for a proposed 20 MW CHP plant located at an industrial zone in Semnan, Iran.
Study & Review of Heat Recovery Systems for SO2 Gas Generation Process in Sug...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on heat recovery systems for the SO2 gas generation process in the sugar industry. It begins with an introduction to waste heat recovery and its importance. It then reviews various methods for recovering waste heat. The document discusses factors that affect waste heat recovery systems like heat quantity and quality. It reviews several past studies on waste heat recovery in different industries. It proposes studying heat recovery from the SO2 gas generation process in sugar production to make the process more efficient. The conclusion emphasizes the need for waste heat recovery techniques in industries to conserve energy.
1) The document presents a performance analysis methodology developed for a parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) system used for heating a thermic fluid for industrial process heating applications.
2) Key parameters that affect the performance of a PDSC system include design specifications, measured operating parameters, calculated parameters, and solar radiation geometry which depends on location.
3) The performance analysis methodology examines the role of each of these parameter types to evaluate a PDSC system's performance.
The document discusses waste heat recovery in internal combustion engines using electro turbo generation. It proposes recovering exhaust heat in three stages - combusting additional fuel in an auxiliary chamber to power a turbine, using a thermoelectric generator, and coupling an alternator to the turbine shaft to generate electricity. Experimental results from attaching a turbocharger and alternator to a motorcycle engine show that 0.025% of total engine power can be recovered as electricity, increasing overall efficiency from 25% to 25.025%. While this quantity is small, large-scale adoption could significantly conserve energy. Further development is needed to optimize system components like the auxiliary combustion chamber and high-speed alternator.
ENGINE BATTERY HYPER- CHARGING FOR HYBRID CARSAM Publications
In I.C Engines, the excess heat during the power stroke plays a vital role. Many new concepts are generated to cool the engine. This paper deals with usage of Excess heat from the cylinder of any engine there-by generating power using Thermo electric generators (TEG). The TEG’s are used to generate electric power which can be stored in battery for the later consumption. Here we are going to deal with a hybrid engine.
The document discusses cogeneration (CHP), which is the simultaneous production of heat and power from a single fuel source. It describes various cogeneration technologies that can be used and their applications in industrial settings. Cogeneration improves energy efficiency compared to separate production of heat and electricity and can reduce costs for businesses if the heat is utilized properly. The economics of cogeneration depend on factors like fuel and electricity prices and carbon credits, and it offers benefits like reduced emissions and more reliable energy.
Thermal Performance of Diffusion Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers using Al2O3 W...ijtsrd
The value of compact heat exchangers CHEs has been recognised in aerospace, automotive, gas turbine power station, and other industries for the last 50 years or more. This is attributed to many reasons, for example manufacturing restrictions, often high efficiency requirements, low cost, and the use of air or gas as one of the fluids in the exchanger. Together with new and improved forms of CHEs, these advances are an excellent opportunity to bring compact heat exchangers into the process industry, particularly where saving energy is an essential target. High energy prices are also encouraging companies to use energy saving strategies at their plants as much as possible. During decades, attempts to increase heat transfer, decrease heat transfer times and eventually improve energy efficiency have been made. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have facilitated the creation of a new type of liquids called nanofluids. Most theoretical and computational experiments have shown that nanofluids demonstrate an improved coefficient of heat transfer relative to their base fluid. This CFD research explores the impact on the performance of straight square compact heat exchangers from Al2O3 water nanofluid flow. The Al2O3 water nanofluids with three weight fractions of nanoparticles i.e. 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 percent were used. The effect of nanofluid were measured and observed to influence the heat transfer and flow of fluids in a straight square compact heat exchanger. The following conclusions can be drawn based on the provided results, the thermal conductance are approximately 29 higher and the heat transfer are approximately 35 higher in comparison with the conventional fluid i.e. water. Vishal Deshmukh | Prof. Animesh Singhai "Thermal Performance of Diffusion-Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33508.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/33508/thermal-performance-of-diffusionbonded-compact-heat-exchangers-using-al2o3water-nanofluid/vishal-deshmukh
IRJET- Modeling of an Energy Saving Solar Water Heating System for Industrial...IRJET Journal
This document discusses modeling an energy saving solar water heating system for industrial low temperature applications using the TRNSYS simulation program. The system was designed and simulated in 6 locations across Egypt to estimate energy output and natural gas savings. Results showed significant energy savings and natural gas reductions. The benefits were also calculated based on natural gas savings and system costs. In conclusion, solar thermal energy shows great potential for industrial heating applications in Egypt due to high irradiation levels and most industrial heating needs being below 250°C.
Similar to Testing and Development of Power Generation from Exhaust Gas of Motor Bike (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
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How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
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Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
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Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31025 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 479
220 Volt A.C voltage is employed to activate the hundreds.
We are using 8051 microcontroller AT 89S52with16*2LCD
display the voltage from the values of battery is measured
with this unit. While TEP Transducer is used to detect the
temperature inside the silencer through heat dissipated.
Field of Invention
This invention relates to the Internal Combustion engine in
vehicles. Among all examination headings, squander heat
recuperation (WHR) is generally worried, because of the
across the board presence and high openness of reasonable
assets. According to India Bureau of Energy Efficiency , the
benefits of WHR includes reduction in the process
consumption and costs, reduction in pollution and
equipment sizes, and also reduction in auxiliary energy
consumption. While there are various gadgets to satisfy
WHR, thermoelectric generator (TEG)hasbeenusedinmost
car applications. A thermoelectric forcegeneratorisa strong
s gadget which waste warmth vitality into electrical vitality
which deals with seebeck effect. Foundation of Invention as
of late, a dangerous atmospheric devation and the
impediments being used of vitality assets increment natural
issues of emanations.
Background of Invention
Lately, warming and furthermore the confinements being
used of vitality assets increment ecological issues with
outflows. The potential outcomes of thermoelectric
frameworks' commitment to "green" advances, explicitlyfor
squander heat recuperation from silencer depleting pipe
gases. Huge amounts of waste warmth are released into the
world's condition quite a bit of it at temperatures which are
too low to even think about recovering utilizing ordinary
electrical force generators. The proposed structure is a
dispersed multi-area and multi-stage arrange. The objective
is to handle issues confronting the conventional single-stage
framework and to propel TEG application in car settings.
Problem Definition
Vitality Intensive businesses require high temperatures to
process their item. There is often still heat ‘energy’ left as a
by product of processing that is frequently simply wasted,
vented through smokestacks, and into the air. In same
manner lots of heat is extracted engine from automobiles
vehicles silencer which will be crated pollution. In such
platform these type technique is useful to control the
pollution, also wastage heat to be utilised in the form of
power.
The potential outcomes of thermoelectric frameworks'
commitment to "green" innovations, explicitly for squander
heat recuperation from industry debilitating vent gases.
Huge amounts of waste warmtharereleasedintotheworld's
condition a lot of it at temperatures which are too low to
even consider recovering utilizing ordinary electrical force
generators. The proposed structure is a disseminatedmulti-
area and multi-stage arrange. The objective is to handle
issues confronting the customary single-stage framework
and to propel TEG application in car settings.Industrial
Manufacturing like,
Automobiles System
Steel, Chemicals, Paper, Cement, Glass, Food Processing
Oil and Gas Processing
Gas Compressor Stations
Refineries etc.
PROBABILITY OF HEAT RECOVERY AND AVAILABILITY
FROM I.C. MOTOR
Waste heat is heat, which is generated in a very process by
way of fuel combustion or chemical action, then “dumped”
into the environment although it could still be reused for a
few useful and economic purpose. This heat depends
partially on the temperature of the waste heat gases and
mass rate of flow of exhaust gas. Squander heat misfortunes
emerge both from hardware wasteful aspects and from
thermodynamic impediments on gear and procedures. for
instance, consider consuming motor roughly 30 to 40% is
changed over into helpful mechanical work. The rest of the
warmth is ousted to the earth through fumes gases and
motor cooling frameworks. It implies around 60 to 70%
vitality misfortunes as a waste warmth through fumes(30%
as motor cooling framework and 30 to 40% as condition
through fumes gas). Fumes gases quickly leaving the motor
can have temperatures as high as 842-1112°F [450-600°C]
Consequently, these gases have high physical property,
carrying away as exhaust emission. Endeavors is framed to
style more vitality proficient reverberatory motor with
better warmth move and lower exhaust temperatures; be
that as it may, the laws of thermodynamics place a lower
limit on the temperature of exhaust gases. Fig. 2.1 show full
scale essentialness movements from devouring engines.
Fig.1 Total Fuel Energy Content in I. C. Engine
Table I. Various Engine and There Output
The table I. shows that different motor and there power
rangesrs. In general, diesel engines have an efficiency of
about 35% and thus the remainder of the input energy is
wasted. Despite recent improvements of internal-
combustion engine efficiency,a substantial amountofenergy
continues to be expelled to the ambientwiththeexhaustgas.
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31025 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 480
Ref. - This temperature was taken from survey of varied
combustion engines.) Exhaustive survey was made for
measurement of exhaust temperature from combustion
engine of automotive vehicles and stationary engine it's
shown in Table II.
Objectives
The current research is specializing in a technology, whichis
ready to convert the thermal energy contained within the
exhaust gas directly into power. during this project concept
it invented exhaust gas-based thermoelectric power
generator for an automobile application. during this
invention, the exhaust gas gases within the pipe provide the
warmth source to the thermoelectric power generator. So,
this project proposes and implements a thermoelectric
waste energy recovery system from the exhaust heat from
the inner combustionengine automobiles,includinggasoline
vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. The secretistodirectly
convert the heat energy from automotive waste heat to
electricity employing a thermoelectric generator. While the
electrical power generation by such a system is ready to
come up with continues to be relatively small at a maximum
of 10 W from one TEG module, quick advancement in
materials research can make the aspiring goal of producing
higher watts by all methods for doable suggestion.
Project Principle
Seebeck Effect
The Seebeck Effect is that the conversion of temperature
differences directly into electricity. it's a classic example of
an emf (emf) and results in measurable currents or voltages
within the same way as the other emf. Electromotive forces
modify Ohm’s law by generating currents even within the
absence of voltage differences (or vice versa); the local
current density is given by,
J=σ (-ΔV + Eemf)
Where, V the local voltage and σ is is that the local
conductivity. normally the Seebeck effectisdescribedlocally
by the creation of an electromotive field.
Eemf = -S ΔT
Where S is that the Seebeck coefficient (also called thermo-
power), a property of the local material, and ΔT is that the
gradient in temperature T.
Seebeck found that if you placed a gradient across the
junctions of two dissimilar conductors, electrical current
would flow. The effect is shown below within the Fig.
Thermoelectricity means the direct conversion of warmth
into electric energy, or contrariwise. in line with Joule's law,
a conductor carrying a current generates heat at a rate
proportional to the merchandise of the resistance (R) of the
conductor and also the square of the present (I). A circuit of
this sort is termed a thermocouple;varietyofthermocouples
connected asynchronous is called a thermopile.
Figure 3: Thermionic Principle of Operation
Jean C. A. Peltier discovered a bearing inverse totheSeebeck
effect: If a current passes through a thermocouple, the
temperature of 1 junction increases and also the
temperature of the opposite decreases, in order that heat is
transferred from one junction to the opposite. the speed of
warmth transfer is proportional to the present and also the
direction of transfer is reversed if the present is reversed.
Fig. Internal construction of thermo- electric module
Fig. Operating principle of thermo-electric module
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31025 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 481
In Automobile
The fundamental focal point of vitality change is on three
transformation areaschiefly fumesgaspipe(EGP),fumes gas
distribution (EGR) cooler, and retarder. the foremost
significant factors for the waste heat quality are power
density and temperature range. The EGP is that the target of
the foremost automobile waste heat recovery related
research. The system contains an outsized portion of thefull
waste heat in vehicle. The gas flow in exhaust gas pipe is
comparatively, stable. Fig. shows that TEG utilizing the
exhaust heating for operation. Withexhausttemperaturesof
973 K or more, the temperature difference between exhaust
gas on the recent side and coolant on the cold side is near
373 K. This temperature difference is capable of generating
10W of electricity.
Block Diagram
Project working
Non-regular vitality utilizing is changing over mechanical
vitality into the electrical vitality. Here in this project a
power generation arrangement is made. Use of
thermoelectric principle makes this system efficient and
reliable. In vehicles engine continuously run for their
operation. It release large amount of heat. This is wastage
heat. We utilized this wastage heat to produce electricity. In
this way we can minimize some amount air pollution also.
When we apply TEG with Heat sink module to wastage heat
through heat pipe executed from silencer. Then at the same
time TEG starts converting Heat energy into Electrical
energy. We can measure this heat with the help of
temperature sensor attached to the system. One DC fan is
attached to system to indicate the flow and conversion of
heat energy into Electrical energy. As the amount of
temperature is increases, the flow of fan is also increases.
Generated electrical energy is stored in battery. This stored
energy is supply to inverter to convert DC to AC. At the
output AC load is obtain. This AC load is utilized to run
various loads in same industry like, fan, AC, light etc.Wealso
attached 8051 microcontroller (AT89S52) with LCD display
to measure the amount of voltage stored and remaining in
battery. In this way, whole system work. Start from wastage
of heat dissipated through silencer in vehicles. Then
conversion of heat into electricity. Indication of conversion
electricity through DC fan and motor.Storageof electricityin
battery. Conversion of DC voltage to AC voltage with help of
inverter. Microcontroller attached to show the voltage
present at battery. And last AC load attached to inverter. If
such system utilized in all type ofautomobiles,theamountof
wastage heat can be reduced and we can utilized into
electricity. And also minimizedairpollutionproblemcussing
by vehicles.
The Scopes
1. By using thermoelectric generator connecting serial
/parallel we will generate the ability for max level.
2. Even body heat also generate the warmth which will be
utilizing by using TEG to get the ability to charge the
portable equipment like laptop mobile etc.
3. By installed within the vehicle abovetheradiatormeans
the vehicle battery will charge self.
ADVANTAGES
Clean, Noise less, Cost is a smaller amount.
This could be a Non-conventional system, No fuel is
require.
Easy maintenance, portable, Charging time is a smaller
amount (maximum temp).
Promising technology for solving power crisis to a
reasonable extent.
Straightforward in development, Pollutionfree,Reduces
transmission misfortunes.
Wide areas of application# Required less space
It is use at any time when it necessary.
Less number of parts required.
we can charge any electronic devices
Electricity can used for several purposes.
Efficient and eliminate the grid searching.
DISADVANTAGES
Improper variation of gradient difference may damage the
TEG, Complex design.
APPLICATIONS
Thermoelectric Generators are basically utilized in where
the ability production is a smaller amount.
In many industries amount of warmth is executed and
been wastage. we will used this heat for electricityusing
TEG.
In automobile vehicle produce heat which will be used
for generating electricity by using TEG.
Recharge the battery any place squander heat is gotten. Self
charging battery by fixing the TEG at radiator or bike
silencers pipe.
CONCLUSION
Waste heat recovery entails capturing andreusingthewaste
heat from machineries in industries and using it for
generating trade. it might also help to acknowledge the
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD31025 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2020 Page 482
development in performance and emissions of the
machineries if these technologies were adopted by the
assembly industries. If this idea of thermoelectric system is
taken to the sensible level then there'll be great amount of
electricity is generated, which is able to be accustomed run
industrial load itself. Also great amount of wastage heat for
pollution is additionally uses during this system in continue
manner. And such industries also somehow help to
safeguard the environmental pollution.
REFERENCES
[1] Taguchi, Tomanari. , U.S. Patent- US20070193617
(2007). (Conference).
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