Mobile data traffic is growing year to year. Mobile operators are facing a different situation from voice legacy business. The growth of data traffic is not as high as one of revenue. They need to lower cost of Mbps to survive otherwise they will collapse.
Technologies in the Networked Society, IP Networks in transitionEricsson Slides
Presentation by Ulf Ewaldsson, Senior Vice President, CTO, Head of Group Technology Ericsson, at Broadband World Forum, Amsterdam 2012.
For more information on 4th Generation IP for mobility and the cloud: http://www.ericsson.com/yourbusiness/telecom_operators/fixed-broadband-convergence
Technologies in the Networked Society, IP Networks in transitionEricsson Slides
Presentation by Ulf Ewaldsson, Senior Vice President, CTO, Head of Group Technology Ericsson, at Broadband World Forum, Amsterdam 2012.
For more information on 4th Generation IP for mobility and the cloud: http://www.ericsson.com/yourbusiness/telecom_operators/fixed-broadband-convergence
Mobile networks are now dominated by data. If we rewind back to a decade ago, smartphones and application stores were unheard of. Twitter and Facebook were not in existence and YouTube wasn’t as popular. Culturally, consumers are valuing the need to be socially connected in the present day Internet.
The traditional cellular network cannot cope with the increase in data and signaling traffic that is generated and thus is driving carriers in the direction of offload. The Phase 1 approach was centered on immediately relieving congestion on the network by encouraging offload to any available Wi-Fi hotspot. In this second part of the five part offload series, we draw attention to Direct Internet Offload. The concept of Direct Internet Offload is nothing new, but has taken a slight shift considering Wi-Fi’s popularity. And the flexibility to integrate them into mainstream network design offers transformative opportunities for carriers without losing sight of the commitment to make the user experience secure and controlled.
This presentation was shown at LTE World summit 2010 in Amsterdam illustrating Continuous Computing's LTE (Long Term Evolution) technologies and expertise. The presentation covers:
•Supporting early development of nontraditional products for use on LTE networks
•Building a broad ecosystem of devices in parallel with LTE deployment what should the role of the operator be?
•Removing business and technical barriers and defining new models to accelerate mass adoption of new services and devices
Carrier Ethernet – Driving True Convergence in Metro Networks
Speaker Andrea Spaccapietra, Head of Sales, IP and Broadband, Ericsson
Presentation from the Broadband World Forum, Amsterdam 2012.
For more information on 4th Generation IP for mobility and the cloud: http://www.ericsson.com/yourbusiness/telecom_operators/fixed-broadband-convergence
Managing Data Offloading Securely Over WLan Access Networks With I-WLanGreen Packet
Cellular operators are increasingly shifting their focus for alternative wireless access methods to manage data offload. Legacy cellular networks were designed for low bandwidth consumption and insufficient to cope with the growth of data requirements today. Although operators continuously upgrade their networks with greater capacity and advanced technologies, heavy investments for cell build is not an economical approach in the longer term.
The availability of Wi-Fi hotspots are highly accessible and appropriate for data offloading. Taking advantage of the unlicensed spectrum and better bandwidth utilization, data offloading can be achieved with lower cost per bit. In this paper, we present I-WLAN to effectively manage data offloading securely between 3GPP and non-3GPP networks. We will also be exploring the different network use scenarios of I-WLAN in enabling simple unified EAP authentication and subscriber policies.
Mobile networks are now dominated by data. If we rewind back to a decade ago, smartphones and application stores were unheard of. Twitter and Facebook were not in existence and YouTube wasn’t as popular. Culturally, consumers are valuing the need to be socially connected in the present day Internet.
The traditional cellular network cannot cope with the increase in data and signaling traffic that is generated and thus is driving carriers in the direction of offload. The Phase 1 approach was centered on immediately relieving congestion on the network by encouraging offload to any available Wi-Fi hotspot. In this second part of the five part offload series, we draw attention to Direct Internet Offload. The concept of Direct Internet Offload is nothing new, but has taken a slight shift considering Wi-Fi’s popularity. And the flexibility to integrate them into mainstream network design offers transformative opportunities for carriers without losing sight of the commitment to make the user experience secure and controlled.
This presentation was shown at LTE World summit 2010 in Amsterdam illustrating Continuous Computing's LTE (Long Term Evolution) technologies and expertise. The presentation covers:
•Supporting early development of nontraditional products for use on LTE networks
•Building a broad ecosystem of devices in parallel with LTE deployment what should the role of the operator be?
•Removing business and technical barriers and defining new models to accelerate mass adoption of new services and devices
Carrier Ethernet – Driving True Convergence in Metro Networks
Speaker Andrea Spaccapietra, Head of Sales, IP and Broadband, Ericsson
Presentation from the Broadband World Forum, Amsterdam 2012.
For more information on 4th Generation IP for mobility and the cloud: http://www.ericsson.com/yourbusiness/telecom_operators/fixed-broadband-convergence
Managing Data Offloading Securely Over WLan Access Networks With I-WLanGreen Packet
Cellular operators are increasingly shifting their focus for alternative wireless access methods to manage data offload. Legacy cellular networks were designed for low bandwidth consumption and insufficient to cope with the growth of data requirements today. Although operators continuously upgrade their networks with greater capacity and advanced technologies, heavy investments for cell build is not an economical approach in the longer term.
The availability of Wi-Fi hotspots are highly accessible and appropriate for data offloading. Taking advantage of the unlicensed spectrum and better bandwidth utilization, data offloading can be achieved with lower cost per bit. In this paper, we present I-WLAN to effectively manage data offloading securely between 3GPP and non-3GPP networks. We will also be exploring the different network use scenarios of I-WLAN in enabling simple unified EAP authentication and subscriber policies.
Mobile broadband is becoming a reality, as the Internet generation grows accustomed to having broadband access wherever they go, Out of 5.8 billion people who will have broadband by 2017. It should surprise no one that the Smartphone revolution is fueling this growth, and by 2017, half of all mobile devices in the world will be smart phones. The key to keeping users happy is network performance and good value for the money. From the looks of it, we are on track to seeing continued network performance improvements and increasingly easier access to smart phones as developing markets hop on the bandwagon.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
Teknologi Pita Lebar 4G LTE
1. Teknologi Pita Lebar 4G:
LTE
Hazim Ahmadi
Wireless Network Laboratory
Telkom Research & Development Center
di Universitas Gajah Mada
10 Desember 2010
2. Agenda
Internet and Mobile User
Mobile and Internet growth
Service and Application
Mobile data usage and emergence of new application
4th Generation: Long Term Evolution
Roadmap on 3GGP
Roadmap on 3GPP2
Overview LTE
Trial Result and LTE Video Service
Telkom Group, Huawei; June 2010, Bandung&Jakarta
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
3. Internet and Mobile User
Mobile dan Internet Growth
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
4. Global ICT Development
Total number of mobile user:
• 2008 : 4,012 billion
• 2009 : 4,652 billion
• 2010 : 5,282 billion*
Sumber : http://www.itu.int/
*) Predicted
Indonesia click here
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
5. Internet Users
• More than 10 operators are competing
• There are about 180 mill out of 240 mill population
• Voice and data services contribute to operators revenue
• Some of them will be consolidating
Wireless Subscriber of Q3 2009
2009
Operators (in thousands)
15% 2% 6% 4% Bakrie Tel. (CDMA) 10,500
16% Hutchison (GSM) 7,300
9%
Indosat (GSM) 28,700
Mobile 8 (CDMA) 3,400
2%
Natrindo (GSM) 6,000
3%
Telkomsel (GSM) 79,770
43%
Telkom Flexi (CDMA) 15,500
Bakrie Tel. (CDM A) Hutchison (GSM ) Indosat (GSM ) M obile 8 (CDM A) Natrindo (GSM ) XL Axiata (GSM) 26,600
Telkomsel (GSM ) Telkom Flexi (CDM A) XL Axiata (GSM ) Others (CDM A)
Others (CDMA)* 3,500
Totally 181,270
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
6. Service and Application
Mobile data usage and emergence of new application
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
7. Person-to-person communication
Rich voice
Video Telephony
SMS/MMS
http://kurungsiku.web.id/2010/05/16/fitur-baru-skype-group-
video-calling/
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
9. Business Service
Mobile Office
High Speed Access
Email
Mobile Conferencing
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
10. Mobile Commerce
Mobile Banking
Bank Transfer
Check balance
Mobile Payment
Ticketing
Vending machine
Mobile Advertising
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
11. The next customer
• Car Monitoring
• Home Security
• Machine to Machine
Comm.
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
12. Content Delivery
Mobile TV
Video on Demand
Music
Tremendous video on Internet will be widely accessed via wireless
broadband network
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
13. Web 2.0
Social Networking
Interactive Prosumer
Video sharing
Hazim Ahmadi/ Telkom RDC
14. Internet volume of Indonesia
• 2005 ---- 1.4 GB to Internet GW
• 2008 ---- 10 GB to Internet GW
• 2009 ---- 19 GB to Internet GW
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
15. Broadband = High Way
• Mobile Internet access traffic
doubles every 12-18 months
– Data card
– Smart phones effect
Bandwidth is never enough
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
17. 4th Generation: Long Term Evolution
Roadmap on 3GGP
Roadmap on 3GPP2
LTE overview
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
18. Where is the mobile industry growing?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
19. 2G Technology Evolution in 3GPP
GSM
9.6kbps (one timeslot)
GSM Data
Also called CSD
General Packet Radio Services
Data rates up to ~ 115 kbps
Max: 8 timeslots used as any one time Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
Packet switched; resources not tied up all the time Uses 8PSK modulation
Contention based. Efficient, but variable delays 3x improvement in data rate on short distances
GSM / GPRS core network re-used by WCDMA (3G) Can fall back to GMSK for greater distances
Combine with GPRS (EGPRS) ~ 384 kbps
Can also be combined with HSCSD
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
20. 3G Technology in 3GPP
UMTS evolved from GSM via
GPRS/EDGE.
Splitting circuit switched network and
packet switched network
Data rates of UMTS are:
Rel.99 : 384 kbps/384 kbps
Rel.5 : 7.2 Mbps/384 kbps (HSDPA)
Rel.6 : 7.2 Mbps/5.8 Mbps
Rel.7 : 21 Mbps (HSPA+)
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
21. 2G&3G technology in 3GPP2
IS-95B CDMA2000 1xEV-DO: Evolved Data Optimised
Uses multiple code channels Third phase in CDMA2000 evolution
Data rates up to 64kbps Standardised version of Qualcomm High Data Rate (HDR)
Many operators gone direct to 1xRTT Adds TDMA components beneath code components
Good for highly asymmetric high speed data apps
IS-95B Speeds to 2Mbps +, classed as a “3G” system
Use new or existing spectrum
CDMA
IS-95A CDMA2000
1xEV-DO 1xEV-DV
3xRTT
IS-95A
14.4 kbps 1xRTT
CDMA2000 1x Evolved DV
Core network
CDMA2000 1xRTT: single carrier RTT Fourth phase in CDMA2000 evolution
re-used in
First phase in CDMA2000 evolution Speeds to 9.3 Mbps+
CDMA2000
Release 0 - max 153.6 kbps
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
22. Between LTE and WiMAX
3GPP LTE 3GPP2 UMB Mobile WiMAX
Channel Bandwidth 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 MHz 5, 7, 8.75 and 10 MHz
DL multiple access OFDMA OFDMA OFDMA
UL multiple access SC-FDMA OFDMA and CDMA OFDMA
Duplexing FDD and TDD FDD and TDD TDD
Subcarrier mapping Localized Localized and distributed Localized and distributed
Subcarrier hoping Yes
Ups…Sorry. Since
Yes Yes
Data modulation QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM
there is no
QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM
Subcarrier spacing 15 KHz supporter this
9.6 KHz 10.94 KHz
FFT size (5 MHz) 512 technology was
512 512
Convolutional coding and turbo
halted.
Convolutional coding, turbo coding
Convolutional coding and
convolutional turbo coding.
Channel coding
coding and LDPC coding Block turbo coding and LDPC
coding optional
Multi-layer precoded spatial Multi-layer precoded spatial
multiplexing space-time/ frequency multiplexing, space-time transmit Beamforming, Space-time coding
MIMO
block coding, switched transmit diversity, spatial division multiple and spatial multiplexing.
diversity and cyclic delay diversity access and beamforming.
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
23. You decide!
WiMAX?
LTE?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
24. LTE Architecture
P-GW:
IP address allocation, Provide UE QoS
for GBR, Gateway to Internet
MME:
Manages and stores the UE control S-GW:
plane context, Generates temporary Id Gateway to UE, Anchor for
UE authentication, Authorization of TA data bearer when HO, Buffers
Mobility management data while the MME paging to
UE, Retains a bearer info
when UE in ECM-IDLE
eNB:
•User-plane : radio link cont.,
medium access cont., physical
•Control-plane: radio resources
control termination towards UE
Interface to SGW via S1
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
25. LTE Latency Performance
Latency Control-plane
Transition times from idle or dormant states to active state < 100 ms
What is delay? what is latency?
Latency User-plane
Radio access network latency < 5 ms in unloaded condition for small IP
packet
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
26. Key Features (1/2)
Multiple access scheme
DL : OFDMA with CP (Cyclic Prefix)
UL : Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) with CP
Adaptive modulation and coding
DL/UL modulations : QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM
Convolutional code and Rel-6 turbo code
Advanced MIMO spatial multiplexing techniques
(2 or 4) x (2 or 4) downlink and uplink supported
Multi-user MIMO also supported
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
27. Key Features (2/2)
Two popular techniques in MIMO wireless systems:
Spatial Diversity: Increased SNR Spatial Multiplexing: Increased rate
Receive and transmit diversity mitigates Spatial multiplexing yields substantial
fading and improves link quality increase spectral efficiency
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
29. Femtocell (Home eNodeB)
• Simple, low cost, easy-to-install cellular access point for homes (& offices &
metro areas)
• Delivering fast, reliable service to standard phones over licensed spectrum
• Supported in 3G and next-generation standards by 3GPP, 3GPP2, WiMAX
Forum, Broadband Forum
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
30. Spectrum Availability
Flexible spectrum
Provide spectrum flexibility for operation in differently sized spectrum
FDD and TDD
Supports paired and unpaired spectrum on the same hardware platform
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
37. Challenges and Opportunities
Let me ask you this
question: peluang apa
saja yang bisa
dikembangkan oleh
mahasiswa dan
Indonesia?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC
38. Challenges and Opportunities
Pemerintah belum menyatakan waktu dan spektrum frekuensi
yang dialokasikan untuk LTE. Indonesia berada di antara
adopsi teknologi WiMAX dan LTE.
Layanan dan aplikasi apa saja yang sesuai dengan pipa yang
begitu besar?
Harapan pengguna, operator dan pemerintah terhadap
teknologi LTE ke depan.
Riset femto cell bagi akademisi di Indonesia
dll
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC