Tectonicsuk
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The document describes how geological processes formed lava plateaus, volcanic plugs, and basalt columns in Northern Ireland. Lava plateaus were formed over millions of years by repeated outpourings of lava from fissures, which cooled and built up layers. Volcanic plugs occur when magma hardens within a vent, leaving an erosion-resistant core. Basalt columns form as lava cools and contracts, creating hexagonal joints due to differences in vertical and horizontal cooling rates.
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Tectonic Features in the UK
Lava plateaus are formed by repeated outpourings of lava from narrow openings, building up layers over time. Volcanic plugs occur when magma hardens within a vent, leaving resistant rock after surrounding rock erodes. Basalt columns form as basalt lava cools and contracts, creating hexagonal columns through horizontal cracking as contraction is resisted.
Powerpoint
The document discusses the geological potential of the Carmacks area in the Yukon Territory, Canada. It notes that a large hydrothermal event in the late Cretaceous period formed many gold deposits in the region. It suggests that the Carmacks area contains an undiscovered collapsed caldera that could be related to a mantle plume and may have hosted further gold mineralization, based on similarities to other mineralized caldera systems. Geochemical and geological data of the area support this hypothesis and indicate the region warrants further exploration.
Volcanoes
This document provides information about volcanoes, including:
1) It describes the different types of volcanoes such as active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes.
2) It lists and explains the various products created by volcanoes, including lava, pyroclasts, ash, gases, and lahars.
3) It discusses both the positive and negative effects of volcanic activity, noting how volcanoes can create new land but also cause destruction through lava flows, pyroclastic flows, and ash clouds.
Volcanoes and volcanic Activity
Volcanic Activity
- Volcanoes form when magma reaches the Earth's surface, causing eruptions of lava and ash. They occur at destructive and constructive plate boundaries.
- The Mid Atlantic Ridge under the Atlantic Ocean was formed when plates separated and lava came to the surface, cooled and hardened.
- Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur along the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Volcanoes
Volcanoes are formed when magma from the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface and erupts. They are classified as active if erupting recently, dormant if not erupting recently but could in the future, or extinct if not likely to erupt again. When tectonic plates collide or move apart, the friction can cause volcanic eruptions near the plate boundaries due to changes in pressure. Magma becomes lava when it reaches the surface of the volcano. Explosive eruptions can send ash high into the sky and pose catastrophic hazards, while effusive eruptions allow lava to flow out more slowly.
Volcanism
Volcanoes form when hot molten rock (magma) rises from below the Earth's surface and erupts. They consist of a vent, conduit and surrounding cone built from erupted material. Most volcanoes occur at plate boundaries or hot spots. Magma rises due to lower density and pressure changes, erupting either explosively with gas-rich magma or effusively with low-viscosity magma. Eruptions produce hazards like lava flows, pyroclastic flows and falls. Notable examples include Vesuvius destroying Pompeii and Krakatoa's powerful 1883 eruption. Supervolcanoes are capable of much larger eruptions than normal volcanoes.
Volcanic Activity
1. The document describes different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruptions including Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, and Plinian eruptions.
2. It also discusses volcanic materials like andesite, basalt, dacite, obsidian, peridotite, rhyolite, tuff, and volcanic gases.
3. Volcanic processes refer to eruptive and non-eruptive activities like decompression of rising magma and vapor pressure increases during magma crystallization.
vulcanism
This 20 slide PowerPoint presentation summarizes vulcanicity (internal forces) for a Form Three secondary school class. It defines vulcanicity as the process by which molten rock and gases from Earth's interior surface onto or into the crust. There are two types of vulcanicity: extrusive, where molten materials cool on the surface, forming features like lava and volcanoes; and intrusive, where materials cool below surface to form batholiths, dykes, sills, laccoliths, and lopoliths. Examples of each feature are provided from Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The presentation concludes with homework assignments explaining additional extrusive features.
Recommended
Tectonic Features in the UK
Lava plateaus are formed by repeated outpourings of lava from narrow openings, building up layers over time. Volcanic plugs occur when magma hardens within a vent, leaving resistant rock after surrounding rock erodes. Basalt columns form as basalt lava cools and contracts, creating hexagonal columns through horizontal cracking as contraction is resisted.
Powerpoint
The document discusses the geological potential of the Carmacks area in the Yukon Territory, Canada. It notes that a large hydrothermal event in the late Cretaceous period formed many gold deposits in the region. It suggests that the Carmacks area contains an undiscovered collapsed caldera that could be related to a mantle plume and may have hosted further gold mineralization, based on similarities to other mineralized caldera systems. Geochemical and geological data of the area support this hypothesis and indicate the region warrants further exploration.
Volcanoes
This document provides information about volcanoes, including:
1) It describes the different types of volcanoes such as active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes.
2) It lists and explains the various products created by volcanoes, including lava, pyroclasts, ash, gases, and lahars.
3) It discusses both the positive and negative effects of volcanic activity, noting how volcanoes can create new land but also cause destruction through lava flows, pyroclastic flows, and ash clouds.
Volcanoes and volcanic Activity
Volcanic Activity
- Volcanoes form when magma reaches the Earth's surface, causing eruptions of lava and ash. They occur at destructive and constructive plate boundaries.
- The Mid Atlantic Ridge under the Atlantic Ocean was formed when plates separated and lava came to the surface, cooled and hardened.
- Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur along the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Volcanoes
Volcanoes are formed when magma from the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface and erupts. They are classified as active if erupting recently, dormant if not erupting recently but could in the future, or extinct if not likely to erupt again. When tectonic plates collide or move apart, the friction can cause volcanic eruptions near the plate boundaries due to changes in pressure. Magma becomes lava when it reaches the surface of the volcano. Explosive eruptions can send ash high into the sky and pose catastrophic hazards, while effusive eruptions allow lava to flow out more slowly.
Volcanism
Volcanoes form when hot molten rock (magma) rises from below the Earth's surface and erupts. They consist of a vent, conduit and surrounding cone built from erupted material. Most volcanoes occur at plate boundaries or hot spots. Magma rises due to lower density and pressure changes, erupting either explosively with gas-rich magma or effusively with low-viscosity magma. Eruptions produce hazards like lava flows, pyroclastic flows and falls. Notable examples include Vesuvius destroying Pompeii and Krakatoa's powerful 1883 eruption. Supervolcanoes are capable of much larger eruptions than normal volcanoes.
Volcanic Activity
1. The document describes different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruptions including Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, and Plinian eruptions.
2. It also discusses volcanic materials like andesite, basalt, dacite, obsidian, peridotite, rhyolite, tuff, and volcanic gases.
3. Volcanic processes refer to eruptive and non-eruptive activities like decompression of rising magma and vapor pressure increases during magma crystallization.
vulcanism
This 20 slide PowerPoint presentation summarizes vulcanicity (internal forces) for a Form Three secondary school class. It defines vulcanicity as the process by which molten rock and gases from Earth's interior surface onto or into the crust. There are two types of vulcanicity: extrusive, where molten materials cool on the surface, forming features like lava and volcanoes; and intrusive, where materials cool below surface to form batholiths, dykes, sills, laccoliths, and lopoliths. Examples of each feature are provided from Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The presentation concludes with homework assignments explaining additional extrusive features.
Volcanism presentation by md wabidur rahman
This document provides an overview of volcanism, including definitions of key terms like volcano and volcanic eruption. It describes the three main types of volcanoes as composite volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, and shield volcanoes. The document also discusses the origin and structure of volcanoes, explaining that magma and gases cause eruptions. It outlines the three categories of volcanoes based on eruption frequency and gives examples. Areas of common volcanism are identified as subducting plate boundaries and mid-ocean ridges.
Volcano Powerpoint Project
The document discusses both slow and fast changes that occur on Earth. Slow changes involve mechanical and chemical weathering over long periods of time, such as erosion from wind and water or rocks breaking down from chemical reactions. Fast changes include sudden natural disasters like landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. Volcanoes are further explained as coming in different types like shield, cinder, and composite volcanoes. The final section instructs the reader to choose a type of volcano to research and create a PowerPoint presentation about, including labeling parts of a volcano diagram and finding an image of a real volcano.
YES Exploration Syndicate - Yukon Project
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Targeting New Horizons in 2011
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The document discusses the geological potential for gold deposits in the Carmacks area of Yukon Territory, Canada. It notes that a large hydrothermal event in the late Cretaceous period formed many gold and base metal deposits in the region. It proposes that an undiscovered collapsed caldera at Carmacks, potentially associated with a mantle plume, could host a major gold deposit, analogous to deposits formed above Yellowstone-type caldera systems. Geophysical and geochemical data support the existence of such a caldera at Carmacks.
Introduction to volcanoes!
Volcanoes form when magma from beneath the Earth's surface is forced up through openings in the crust called vents. They occur at plate boundaries where tectonic plates are moving together or apart, as well as at hot spots where areas of the mantle are unusually hot and melt rock that rises toward the surface. Common examples of active volcanoes include Kilauea volcano in Hawaii and volcanoes in Iceland, Mexico, Ecuador, Indonesia, and Costa Rica.
Volcano
Volcanoes are cone-shaped landforms with an opening at the top or sides that allow hot, thick clouds of gas, molten rock, and ash to escape. According to PHIVOLCS, volcanoes are classified as either active if they have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago based on analysis, or inactive if they have not erupted in over 10,000 years and are being eroded through weathering.
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This presentation provides an overview of volcanoes, including their formation from plate tectonics or hotspots, the different types of volcanic features and erupted materials, classifications of volcanic activity, and notable examples. Volcanic activity can have effects on global climate through emissions into the stratosphere and impacts soil through added nutrients.
Volcanism ppt jhez
Volcanism is the eruption of molten rock from the earth's surface. Magma rises from the mantle or lower crust through the crust. The viscosity of the magma determines the type of eruption - viscous magma produces explosive eruptions while less viscous magma flows as lava. Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as subduction zones or mid-ocean ridges, and at hot spots that remain stationary under moving plates. The type of volcano depends on the location and consistency of the magma, with examples being shield, composite, and cinder cone volcanoes.
Volcanoes
Volcanoes form when magma rises up from below the Earth's surface and erupts through openings called vents. There are several types of volcanoes defined by their shape and eruption characteristics. Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and erupt runny basalt lava, while composite volcanoes are steep-sided and erupt thicker, stickier magma in more explosive eruptions. Cinder cones erupt small fragments and form small, cone-shaped volcanoes. Lava domes form when thick lava piles up in mounds. Volcanoes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which can allow magma to rise up in between the plates. Geysers, which are hot springs
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Here are the key points to cover in your 10 minute presentation:
- Clearly define the landform/concept you are presenting
- Provide a real world example to illustrate your point
- Explain how the landform is formed by tectonic processes
- Describe the characteristic features and appearance
- Discuss any environmental or geological impacts/hazards
- Use clear diagrams and images to support your explanations
- Leave time for questions
Chapter 15.2: Volcanoes
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Volcanism occurs when magma from the Earth's core escapes and cools, forming new rock. There are three main types of volcanism: underwater volcanism at divergent plate boundaries, volcanism at destructive plate boundaries where an oceanic plate subducts under a continental one, and volcanism at hot spots caused by fixed columns of magma rising from the mantle. A volcano has several parts including a vent, cone, pipe, crater, lava, and magma chamber below. Volcanoes can be classified as acid lava, basic lava, or composite depending on their lava composition and eruption style. Pakistan has many active mud volcanoes located in Balochistan that passively emit gases. Living near volcanoes
Lesson 2 volcanoes
Volcanoes form at constructive and destructive plate boundaries. At constructive boundaries, volcanoes form as magma rises through gaps created as plates move apart. These volcanoes are usually shield volcanoes. At destructive boundaries, one plate is subducted and melts, creating excess magma that erupts violently as composite volcanoes. Volcanoes can be active and currently erupting, dormant but capable of future eruptions, or extinct and not likely to erupt again. Hot spot volcanoes form from stationary plumes of magma rising through weak crust, creating island chains as plates move over hot spots.
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The document discusses geologic time and how rocks are dated. It describes how radiometric dating is used to determine the absolute age of rocks by measuring radioactive decay. The oldest rocks on Earth are around 3.96 billion years old. It also discusses the theory of uniformitarianism and how the same geologic processes that shape the Earth today have operated throughout its history.
Volcanoes
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust where magma and gases escape. They are found at boundaries where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. When magma reaches the surface it is called lava, and eruptions produce lava, rock fragments, ashes, dust, and gases. There are over 550 active volcanoes distributed around plate boundaries on land and undersea. The type of eruption depends on factors like the crust's strength, pressure, and magma composition. Volcanoes are classified based on their shape, eruptive behavior, and deposits. Major hazards include lava flows, eruption columns, pyroclastic flows, and volcanic mudflows.
Volcano
This document provides information about volcanoes, including definitions, types, and eruption processes. It begins by defining a volcano and its key components. It then describes the three most common types of volcanoes - stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and caldera volcanoes - and provides examples of each. It distinguishes between active, inactive, and potentially active volcanoes, and lists some of the most notable examples in the Philippines. Finally, it outlines different types of volcanic eruptions and describes the hazards they can produce, such as pyroclastic flows, volcanic bombs, and lahars.
Types of volcanoes
NCEA Level 1 Geography AS 1.1 "Extreme Natural Events" - how volcanic eruptions affect the natural environment
Types Of Volcanoes
There are two main types of volcanoes: composite cones and shield volcanoes. Composite cones are narrow with steep sides built up from layers of thick, sticky lava and ash. They are found at destructive plate boundaries and erupt explosively. Shield volcanoes have wide, gentle slopes composed of thin layers of fluid basaltic lava. They are located at constructive plate margins or hot spots and erupt frequently through non-violent fluid lava flows.
Plate techtonics
Plate tectonics involves the movement of tectonic plates. When plates meet, they can push together causing folding and mountain building, or one plate can subduct under another forming deep ocean trenches. The friction from plates moving against each other causes volcanoes and earthquakes. Evidence for plate tectonics includes matching coastlines, specific fossil and rock distributions, and lines of volcanoes along plate boundaries like the mid-Atlantic ridge.
Geo 110 Volcanoes
Volcanoes form from magma sources deep within the Earth's crust and upper mantle. The type of magma and resulting volcano depends on the tectonic setting. At divergent boundaries, basaltic shield volcanoes form from mafic magma at mid-ocean ridges. Convergent boundaries produce a variety of volcanoes from basalt to rhyolite depending on the composition of the subducting plate. Hot spots can form volcanoes that produce basalt or rhyolite lavas. Major hazards from volcanoes include lava flows, pyroclastic flows, lahars, toxic gases, and climate impacts from ash and gases. Monitoring helps predict future volcanic activity and eruptions.
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This document provides an overview of volcanism, including definitions of key terms like volcano and volcanic eruption. It describes the three main types of volcanoes as composite volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, and shield volcanoes. The document also discusses the origin and structure of volcanoes, explaining that magma and gases cause eruptions. It outlines the three categories of volcanoes based on eruption frequency and gives examples. Areas of common volcanism are identified as subducting plate boundaries and mid-ocean ridges.
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The document discusses both slow and fast changes that occur on Earth. Slow changes involve mechanical and chemical weathering over long periods of time, such as erosion from wind and water or rocks breaking down from chemical reactions. Fast changes include sudden natural disasters like landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. Volcanoes are further explained as coming in different types like shield, cinder, and composite volcanoes. The final section instructs the reader to choose a type of volcano to research and create a PowerPoint presentation about, including labeling parts of a volcano diagram and finding an image of a real volcano.
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Presentation with Audio from YES Exploration Syndicate Breakfast on January 20th, 2011.
Targeting New Horizons in 2011
YES Exploration Syndicate Presentation
The document discusses the geological potential for gold deposits in the Carmacks area of Yukon Territory, Canada. It notes that a large hydrothermal event in the late Cretaceous period formed many gold and base metal deposits in the region. It proposes that an undiscovered collapsed caldera at Carmacks, potentially associated with a mantle plume, could host a major gold deposit, analogous to deposits formed above Yellowstone-type caldera systems. Geophysical and geochemical data support the existence of such a caldera at Carmacks.
Introduction to volcanoes!
Volcanoes form when magma from beneath the Earth's surface is forced up through openings in the crust called vents. They occur at plate boundaries where tectonic plates are moving together or apart, as well as at hot spots where areas of the mantle are unusually hot and melt rock that rises toward the surface. Common examples of active volcanoes include Kilauea volcano in Hawaii and volcanoes in Iceland, Mexico, Ecuador, Indonesia, and Costa Rica.
Volcano
Volcanoes are cone-shaped landforms with an opening at the top or sides that allow hot, thick clouds of gas, molten rock, and ash to escape. According to PHIVOLCS, volcanoes are classified as either active if they have erupted within the last 600 years or 10,000 years ago based on analysis, or inactive if they have not erupted in over 10,000 years and are being eroded through weathering.
Presentation on volcanos
This presentation provides an overview of volcanoes, including their formation from plate tectonics or hotspots, the different types of volcanic features and erupted materials, classifications of volcanic activity, and notable examples. Volcanic activity can have effects on global climate through emissions into the stratosphere and impacts soil through added nutrients.
Volcanism ppt jhez
Volcanism is the eruption of molten rock from the earth's surface. Magma rises from the mantle or lower crust through the crust. The viscosity of the magma determines the type of eruption - viscous magma produces explosive eruptions while less viscous magma flows as lava. Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as subduction zones or mid-ocean ridges, and at hot spots that remain stationary under moving plates. The type of volcano depends on the location and consistency of the magma, with examples being shield, composite, and cinder cone volcanoes.
Volcanoes
Volcanoes form when magma rises up from below the Earth's surface and erupts through openings called vents. There are several types of volcanoes defined by their shape and eruption characteristics. Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and erupt runny basalt lava, while composite volcanoes are steep-sided and erupt thicker, stickier magma in more explosive eruptions. Cinder cones erupt small fragments and form small, cone-shaped volcanoes. Lava domes form when thick lava piles up in mounds. Volcanoes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which can allow magma to rise up in between the plates. Geysers, which are hot springs
Impacts of extrusive igneous activity
Here are the key points to cover in your 10 minute presentation:
- Clearly define the landform/concept you are presenting
- Provide a real world example to illustrate your point
- Explain how the landform is formed by tectonic processes
- Describe the characteristic features and appearance
- Discuss any environmental or geological impacts/hazards
- Use clear diagrams and images to support your explanations
- Leave time for questions
Chapter 15.2: Volcanoes
Grade 8 Integrated Science Chapter 15 Lesson 2 on volcanoes. This lesson goes into detail about volcanoes, plate boundaries, lava chemistry, eruption types, and volcano types. The purpose of this lesson is for students to understand where and why volcanoes form and what factors cause differing volcanic features.
Volcanism - Grade 7
Volcanism occurs when magma from the Earth's core escapes and cools, forming new rock. There are three main types of volcanism: underwater volcanism at divergent plate boundaries, volcanism at destructive plate boundaries where an oceanic plate subducts under a continental one, and volcanism at hot spots caused by fixed columns of magma rising from the mantle. A volcano has several parts including a vent, cone, pipe, crater, lava, and magma chamber below. Volcanoes can be classified as acid lava, basic lava, or composite depending on their lava composition and eruption style. Pakistan has many active mud volcanoes located in Balochistan that passively emit gases. Living near volcanoes
Lesson 2 volcanoes
Volcanoes form at constructive and destructive plate boundaries. At constructive boundaries, volcanoes form as magma rises through gaps created as plates move apart. These volcanoes are usually shield volcanoes. At destructive boundaries, one plate is subducted and melts, creating excess magma that erupts violently as composite volcanoes. Volcanoes can be active and currently erupting, dormant but capable of future eruptions, or extinct and not likely to erupt again. Hot spot volcanoes form from stationary plumes of magma rising through weak crust, creating island chains as plates move over hot spots.
Physical Geography Lecture 11 - The Lithosphere 111416
The document discusses geologic time and how rocks are dated. It describes how radiometric dating is used to determine the absolute age of rocks by measuring radioactive decay. The oldest rocks on Earth are around 3.96 billion years old. It also discusses the theory of uniformitarianism and how the same geologic processes that shape the Earth today have operated throughout its history.
Volcanoes
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust where magma and gases escape. They are found at boundaries where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. When magma reaches the surface it is called lava, and eruptions produce lava, rock fragments, ashes, dust, and gases. There are over 550 active volcanoes distributed around plate boundaries on land and undersea. The type of eruption depends on factors like the crust's strength, pressure, and magma composition. Volcanoes are classified based on their shape, eruptive behavior, and deposits. Major hazards include lava flows, eruption columns, pyroclastic flows, and volcanic mudflows.
Volcano
This document provides information about volcanoes, including definitions, types, and eruption processes. It begins by defining a volcano and its key components. It then describes the three most common types of volcanoes - stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, and caldera volcanoes - and provides examples of each. It distinguishes between active, inactive, and potentially active volcanoes, and lists some of the most notable examples in the Philippines. Finally, it outlines different types of volcanic eruptions and describes the hazards they can produce, such as pyroclastic flows, volcanic bombs, and lahars.
Types of volcanoes
NCEA Level 1 Geography AS 1.1 "Extreme Natural Events" - how volcanic eruptions affect the natural environment
Types Of Volcanoes
There are two main types of volcanoes: composite cones and shield volcanoes. Composite cones are narrow with steep sides built up from layers of thick, sticky lava and ash. They are found at destructive plate boundaries and erupt explosively. Shield volcanoes have wide, gentle slopes composed of thin layers of fluid basaltic lava. They are located at constructive plate margins or hot spots and erupt frequently through non-violent fluid lava flows.
Plate techtonics
Plate tectonics involves the movement of tectonic plates. When plates meet, they can push together causing folding and mountain building, or one plate can subduct under another forming deep ocean trenches. The friction from plates moving against each other causes volcanoes and earthquakes. Evidence for plate tectonics includes matching coastlines, specific fossil and rock distributions, and lines of volcanoes along plate boundaries like the mid-Atlantic ridge.
Geo 110 Volcanoes
Volcanoes form from magma sources deep within the Earth's crust and upper mantle. The type of magma and resulting volcano depends on the tectonic setting. At divergent boundaries, basaltic shield volcanoes form from mafic magma at mid-ocean ridges. Convergent boundaries produce a variety of volcanoes from basalt to rhyolite depending on the composition of the subducting plate. Hot spots can form volcanoes that produce basalt or rhyolite lavas. Major hazards from volcanoes include lava flows, pyroclastic flows, lahars, toxic gases, and climate impacts from ash and gases. Monitoring helps predict future volcanic activity and eruptions.
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Volcano terms
caldera
cinder cone
dacite
debris avalanche
dike
dome
dome lava fountain
effusive eruption
eruption cloud
eruption size
fault
fissure
fumarole
gas
geyser
hornito
hummock
kipuka
lahar
lapilli
lava
lava cascade
lava channel
lava delta
lava drapery
lava flow
lava fountain
lava fountain dome
lava lake
lava spillway
lava surge
lava tube
limu
littoral cone
maar
magma
mineral
mud volcano
obsidian
pahoehoe
pahoehoe blister
pahoehoe coil
pahoehoe entrail
pahoehoe - ropy
pahoehoe toe
Pele's hair
Pele's tears
phreatic eruption
pillow lava
plinian eruption
pit crater
pumice
pyroclastic flow
reticulite
rhyolite
rift zone
rock
rootless shield
scoria
shield volcano
spatter
spatter cone and rampart
spatter and cinder cone
stratovolcano
Strombolian eruption
tephra
tree mold
tsunami
tumulus
vent
volcanic dome
volcano
volcanic rocks
volcanic gases
Vulcanian eruption
caldera
cinder cone
hornito
maar
mud volcano
shield volcano
spatter cone
stratovolcano
volcanic dome
Intorduction to Volcanology, Weathering, Erotion, Dispertion and Soil.
i've taken slides combined them and aded a few details.
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Tectonic hazards such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are caused by movements of the Earth's crustal plates. The internal structure of the Earth consists of a crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is broken into plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle and the sinking of denser plates. Plate boundaries include divergent boundaries where plates move apart, convergent boundaries where they move together, and transform boundaries where they slide past each other. Landforms associated with plate tectonics include mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys, fold mountains, trenches, and volcanoes. Earthquakes occur along plate boundaries when built-up stress is suddenly released during plate movement.
Notes on living with tectonic hazards n levels
1. Tectonic hazards such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are caused by movements of the Earth's crust along tectonic plates. The plates move due to convection currents in the upper mantle and subduction of denser oceanic plates under lighter continental plates.
2. Where plates diverge, mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys are formed. As plates converge, fold mountains like the Himalayas or Andes are formed. Transform boundaries like the San Andreas Fault cause earthquakes as the plates slide past each other.
3. Volcanoes form at plate boundaries due to upwelling of magma. Shield volcanoes have low, broad slopes while stratovolcanoes
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Volcanoes
Volcanoes form at plate boundaries where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. There are three main types of volcanoes based on location: shield volcanoes at divergent boundaries, stratovolcanoes at subduction zones, and hotspots formed by mantle plumes. Volcanoes pose hazards from lava flows, explosions, and ashfall. Classification systems describe volcanoes based on activity levels from dormant to active. Monitoring systems use alert levels and colors to communicate volcanic unrest and eruptions.
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The document discusses plate tectonics and the structure of the Earth. It describes the four main layers of the Earth - the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust. The crust is broken into plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle. There are three main types of plate boundaries - constructive where plates move apart and new crust is formed, destructive where one plate is subducted under another, and conservative where plates slide past each other. Volcanoes and earthquakes often occur at plate boundaries as a result of this plate movement.
Plate Tectonics .pptx
The document summarizes key aspects of plate tectonics theory, including Earth's structure of a solid inner core, liquid outer core, rigid upper mantle and plates of lithosphere. Plates move due to convection currents in the asthenosphere, and interact at boundaries. There are three main boundary types - constructive where plates diverge and new crust forms, destructive where one plate subducts under another leading to volcanoes and mountains, and conservative where plates slide past each other along faults. Hotspots also cause volcanic chains independent of plate boundaries.
Volcanoes
This document discusses volcanoes, including how they form, the different types of volcanoes, and where they are located. It provides details on four main types of volcanoes: cinder cones, composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and lava domes. Cinder cones are simple structures built from ejected cinders. Composite volcanoes are large symmetrical cones made of layers of material. Shield volcanoes are broad structures composed of fluid lava flows. Lava domes are small, bulbous masses that pile over the vent. Volcanoes can be located both under water and on land.
Tectonic Processes and Landscapes
The document discusses different types of plate boundaries and associated tectonic landscapes. It provides details on convergent, divergent and transform plate boundaries. Convergent boundaries result in ocean trenches, volcanic mountain ranges or fold mountains depending on the type of crust involved. Divergent boundaries form mid-ocean ridges and new sea floor. Transform boundaries involve lateral movement of plates without creation or destruction of crust.
Volcanoes- CSEC GEOGRAPHY
Volcanoes form when magma reaches the surface of the Earth. They can be found along plate boundaries where magma is able to reach the surface. There are over 1300 potentially active volcanoes worldwide. Volcanoes have different features like craters, vents, and magma chambers. They also go through life cycle stages of being active, dormant, or extinct. Eruptions can produce different types of lava and ash deposits that build different types of volcanic cones over time. While volcanoes provide fertile soils and minerals, their eruptions can negatively impact the environment through poisonous gases, lava flows, ash falls, pyroclastic flows, and lahars that damage infrastructure and agriculture.
ROCKS AND VOLCANO
The document provides information about rocks and volcanoes. It begins with defining rocks as natural solid aggregates of minerals that form the earth's crust. Rocks are divided into three main types based on their formation: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, sedimentary rocks form through accumulation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from changes caused by heat and pressure. Volcanoes are described as systems of hot fluid channels that extend from deep underground to the earth's surface. Various types of volcanoes are identified based on their shape and eruption processes. Causes of earthquakes are also summarized, including tectonic plate movement and volcanic activity.
AQA A2 Geography
Plate tectonics theory proposes that the Earth's crust is divided into plates that move over time. Evidence for this includes matching geological formations between continents that have since drifted apart. The Earth has a solid inner core, liquid outer core, and mantle below the crust. Plates meet at boundaries that are either constructive, where plates move apart, or destructive, where plates converge. Earthquakes are often caused by stresses building up at plate boundaries. Volcanic activity commonly occurs near plate boundaries as well.
Plate Boundaries
The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. It also discusses plate tectonics and the different types of plate boundaries: constructive, destructive, conservative, and collision. At destructive boundaries, oceanic plates are subducted under continental plates, forming volcanoes. At collision boundaries, continental plates push together to form mountain ranges. At constructive boundaries, plates move apart and new crust is formed.
Olvl Geography
This document contains notes for an 'O' level Geography exam. It includes sections on physical geography such as plate tectonics, volcanoes, earthquakes, weather and climate. It also covers human geography topics like tourism, industries and development. The notes provide definitions, explanations and examples for various concepts in the syllabus. Version notes at the top indicate that the author is regularly updating and improving the content.
Natural Disasters Topic 5b (Volcanic Eruptions)
The types and abundances of igneous rocks found are closely related to their tectonic setting. Basalt and gabbro are most common at divergent plate boundaries like ocean ridges, while rhyolite and granite are found more within continental interiors. Convergent plate boundaries produce andesitic and rhyolitic volcanoes along with intrusions of diorite and granite. The compositions of magmas range from mafic to felsic depending on the tectonic setting, source rock composition, assimilation, differentiation over time, and other factors. Common volcanic features include shield volcanoes, cinder cones, composite volcanoes, and calderas.
Unique Landforms Locate At Plate Margins Bv
Fold mountains form along plate boundaries where two plates collide and push sedimentary rock layers upwards into folds. The movement of plates compresses and bends the layers at different rates, creating anticlines and synclines. Ocean trenches form at destructive plate boundaries where an oceanic plate subducts under a continental or oceanic plate, creating the deepest parts of the ocean. Composite volcanoes are steep-sided and symmetrical with layers of lava and ash, while shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and wide bases due to more fluid basic lava.
My Hometown: Mammoth Lakes, CA
This document contains summaries of various geographic features near Mammoth Lakes, California, including:
- Mammoth Lakes is located within a volcanic dome complex in the Sierra Nevada mountains, formed by eruptions that ended 57,000 years ago.
- Nearby features like Devils Postpile and Rainbow Falls were formed from basalt lava flows over 100,000 years ago.
- Other areas like Minaret Summit and Obsidian Dome show evidence of more recent volcanic and igneous activity within the last 600 years.
- Geological structures like an angular unconformity and inclusions in rock formations provide clues about the formation and erosion of the landscape over time.
Landforms..this land is our land (Teach)
This is pretty in-depth on the Earth's constructive forces. Over 100 slides, would be more for background for non-scienced trained teacher or for advanced students
Earthquake and volcanoes
This document discusses volcanoes and earthquakes. It begins by explaining that tectonic movements like earthquakes and volcanoes can abruptly change the Earth's surface features. It then defines earthquakes as vibrations produced in rocks, and describes the different types of earthquake waves. Causes of earthquakes include movement along faults in the Earth's crust. Volcanoes originate from magma pockets that form below the Earth's surface due to decreased pressure. The document outlines different types of volcanoes based on eruption style and activity level. It also describes the products of volcanic eruptions, including solid, liquid, and gaseous materials. Various landforms associated with volcanoes are also explained, such as volcanic cones, ash
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Intorduction to Volcanology, Weathering, Erotion, Dispertion and Soil.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Tectonicsuk
- 2. •What is a lava plateau? • What is a volcanic plug? • What are basalt columns? http://www.flickr.com/photos/67165210@N00/240741910/
- 3. Lava plateaus are formed by the large outpourings of fluid lava from long narrow openings in the crust. During each eruption, the lava flows out from these openings, solidifies and builds up layer upon layer each time. An example would be the County Antrim Plateau in Northern Ireland. http://www.flickr.com/photos/normko/327550100/sizes/o/
- 4. About 430 million years ago the North American and Eurasian plates had collided to form a vast range of mountains called the Caledonian mountains- they would be fused for 370 million years. Around sixty million years ago- the plates began to diverge. As they diverged, huge fissures would have been created in the landscape, this allowed magma to rise from the mantle as lava and cover the surrounding chalk rock- these lava flows continued for over 2 million years. As the lava cooled and formed into basalt, a vast flat plateau was left behind.
- 5. http://www.flickr.com/photos/michaelloudon/808561268/in/set- 72157600818891681/ Volcanic Plugs An example would Slemish in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. A volcanic plug is a volcanic landform created when magma hardens within a vent in an active volcano. If a plug is preserved, erosion/weathering may remove the surrounding rock while the resistant plug remains, producing a distinctive landform.
- 6. Fissures created by the divergence of the North American and Eurasian plates, allow magma to flow from the mantle as lava. Explosions deposited volcanic rocks around the fissure, creating a volcano; continued deposition would have lead to a cone developing. Lava would continue to flow from a vent in the cone, onto the surrounding plateau. In the vent of the cone, the magma cooled more slowly than usual, forming a harder rock than basalt called dolerite- this plugged the volcano vent. The less resistant rock surrounding the plug of the volcano has been weathered and eroded over time- leaving the distinct landscape feature.
- 7. Basalt Columns An example would the Giant’s Causeway in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. http://www.flickr.com/photos/67165210@N00/240741910/ Large eruptions of basalt lava may create deep flows of molten rock. As the rock slowly cools it shrinks slightly. The stresses cause jointing in several different planes, and columns of rock form with a generally hexagonal shape, like pencils.
- 8. As the North American and Eurasian plates diverged magma, as lava, rose through fissures in the surface. The lava cooled to form basalt, as the rock formed, contraction occurred. Contraction can occurred with ease vertically, but horizontally this creates cracks within the rock. This contraction produces hexagonal columns. Quick cooling produces smaller columns, whilst longer cooling creates larger columns.