This presentation is designed by Abderrahim Gouhmad & Assiya Agzzoum, E.L.T and Global Market professional B.A trainees, as a part of teaching language skills module, supervised by prof. Ayad Chraa at the faculty o languages, arts and human sciences in Ait Melloul.
Anyone wanting to enhance their speaking skills, this slide presentation is meant for you.
In this presentation meaning of speaking has also been given as well as the strategies on how it could be developed.
Anyone wanting to enhance their speaking skills, this slide presentation is meant for you.
In this presentation meaning of speaking has also been given as well as the strategies on how it could be developed.
Teaching Listening Skill to Young LearnersMyno Uddin
Teaching Listening Skill to Young Learners sometimes tough for the teachers as they do not want to listen anything Properly. Here are some Tips to Teach Listening Skill to Young Learners.
Communicative Language Teaching is a set of principles about teaching including recommendations about method and syllabus where the focus is on meaningful communication not structure, use not usage.
Teaching Listening Skill to Young LearnersMyno Uddin
Teaching Listening Skill to Young Learners sometimes tough for the teachers as they do not want to listen anything Properly. Here are some Tips to Teach Listening Skill to Young Learners.
Communicative Language Teaching is a set of principles about teaching including recommendations about method and syllabus where the focus is on meaningful communication not structure, use not usage.
Language functions as all of the purpose with which we use the language. Basically, the function of language is used for communication; we use the language to give and receive messages between ourselves.
THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING LISTENING AND SPEAKING SKILLSMorteza Mohammadi
English has spread widely all over the world, first because of the influence of the British Empire and, second due to the pre-eminence of North American influence in the world. In Europe, English has advanced as an international language especially after World War II, leaving behind other preeminent languages such as French.
Dolphin Head Hunters offers Best IELTS coaching in Chandigarh, PTE and Spoken English classes in Chandigarh sector 34.Call 9780754465 for IELTS admission
English Language Teaching Frameworks - Yasmina Zergani.pptxYASMINAZERGANI
This is a presentation about English Language Teaching Frameworks. As teachers, we implement different teaching and learning methods through various teaching models and frameworks. The chief goal is always to make the teaching and learning process an enjoyable and beneficial one.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Outline:
• Introduction
• What are language functions?
• Types of language functions
• Why it is important to teach L.F
• How to present them:
a. P.P.P
b. Deductive and inductive
• Activities
3. • Within the standards-based approach to teaching
English as a foreign language, great emphasis is laid
upon helping learners use English in a variety of
contexts and for diverse purposes.
• Teaching of functions has become an integral part of
many EFL materials and textbooks.
Introduction
4. What are language functions?
Language functions are described in the literature as
being:
•“ways we can use language to achieve a communicative purpose,”
• “what people can do with language.“
• "what people want to do with the language. “
• “Language functions are the purposes for which human beings
speak or write” Harmer (2008).
6. Social functions
• Social / Communicative function of language is the
expressions of ideas, emotions, information, etc.
communicative function refers to communicative goal
for which language is used as means in the community.
• It is necessary to further focus on the learners developing the
ability to use social functions accurately (correctly) and
appropriately (in the right contexts).
7. Social functions
Social functions involve the following:
1,Making and responding to requests;
2. Responding to good and bad news;
3. Expressing regret;
4. Complaining;
5. Apologizing;
6. Asking for and giving advice;
7. Expressing opinion;
8. Agreeing and disagreeing;
9. Expressing certainty and uncertainty;
10.Expressing lack of understanding and asking for clarification, etc.
10. Why it is important to teach Language Functions?
11.
12.
13. Why it is important to teach Language Functions?
• Teaching language functions is very useful to develop other language
skills such writing, reading, speaking and listening .
• To use language independently.
• To develop communication among learners.
• Motivate students to learn to do things by using their language rather
than just to learn the structure .
14. Stages of teaching language functions
• Just as stages of teaching grammar there are three stages
of teaching language functions.
• Although they are criticized for being limited in certain
aspects, they are still found to be very useful in teaching
language functions.
• The three stages are in short P-P-P model.
15. Stages of teaching language functions
P.P.P stands for
P
P
P
resentation
ractice
roduction
16. Presentation
• The teacher presents language functions either in a dialogue
form or creating a context.
• The teacher has to create the context and should give
description to the students in order to make them know
where and in which situation such language functions to be
used.
17. Practice
• students are given opportunity to practice language functions
presented in the first stage.
• Ss are involved in pair work to conduct mini-dialogues.
Mechanical or communicative drills are used as means to
practice language functions.
18. Production
• the learners use the language functions freely as in their real life situations.
• This stage is also known as communicative stage as the learners focus on
fluency rather than accuracy.
• Students practice using new structures in different contexts often using their
own content and information in order to develop fluency with new patterns.
• Role play, oral games, guessing games, interviews, mini exchange, etc. are
some useful activities to teach language functions.
20. Presentation
The language function is presented in a form of a dialogue.
Ss are required to read the dialogue and answer the following questions
21. Practice
The learners are involved in some controlled activities.
Ss are required to fill the chart with the given expressions
22. Production
The learners use what they learnt freely.
Ss are required to come up with a short dialogues or exchange about
some situations.
23. How to present functions:
Basically, teaching lng functions is similar to grammar teaching.
i.e. There are two main approaches
Deductive Vs. Inductive
24. When teaching Functions deductively:
• The instruction is more teacher centred approach
• T gives Ss a new concept (e.g. expressing opinions ).
• T provides Ss with statements they need to say when they want
to express their opinions.
• T explains the rule.
• Ss practice using the concept in a variety of different ways
◦ Students learn rule Use Rule
25. When teaching Functions inductively:
• The instruction is more learner-centred approach
• T presents the concept
• T provide Ss with a variety of dialogues and conversations.
• Ss evoke the rules themselves
• Ss come up with dialogs in which they are using the function
item.
◦ Students use rule learn Rule
26. Activities
Communicative drills
This is one of the useful techniques to teach language functions.
Ss repeat the Language function.
The type of response is controlled but the students provide their own
content of information,
27. Activities
Communicative drills
For example:
The teacher would ask: How do you apologize to your partner if you
stepped on his foot
Student 1: I am very sorry!
Student 1: I do apologize
The above type of drill is very useful to develop communicative skills of students
and can be used to teach language functions.
28. Activities
Problem solving
The aim of this activity is to create a need for using language functions.
For this, the teacher creates a problem in order to get students have a
great deal of interaction
While interacting with friends, Ss need to use different language
functions such as, requesting, questioning, describing, refusing, etc.
29. Activities
Role play
In this activity students pretend they are in various social context and have a variety
social roles. Teacher gives student information about who they are and what they think
or feel.
When teaching how to ask and give advice
One Student pretend he is a doctor, the other student pretend he is patient.
The student who is playing the role of a doctor gives an advice to the student who is
asking the doctor
30. Activities
Other activities
• Information gap tasks ;
• Role-play, drama, (Learners freely act out roles )
• Interviews (Learners obtain information from each other on a
specific issue);
• Discussion (Learners discuss specified topic/ theme).
31.
32. References
English language guidelines for secondary schools: common core, first year, and second year
baccalaureate all streams and sections November 2007.
(الثأهيلي الثانوي بالتعليم اإلنجليزية اللغة مادة بتدريس الخاصة والبرامج التربوية )التوجيهات
Harmer, J. 1984. The Practice of English Language Teaching. London: Longman.
Ticket 2 English, second year Baccalaureate « Student’s book »
Celce-Murcia. M. 2001. Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language (3rd ed). USA:
Heinle&Heinle.
Nunan, D., 2003. Practical English Language Teaching. NY:McGraw-Hill.
