Although there have been recurring reforms in the policy of Indian government towards the teaching and learning of English and currently English is taught as a compulsory subject in all schools, students from vernacular medium schools suffer as apart from total unfamiliarity with the language, the pedagogies used to teach English do not enable them to speak the language fluently. Teachers can easily improve the language skills of the vernacular medium students through suitable and reliable methods of teaching. Albeit, the demands in India for better teaching and learning of English are not being met meaningfully in vernacular medium schools. This paper is a review of related literature to suggest an approach for professional development of English teachers from vernacular medium schools of India.
Reconsidering english language teaching in vernacular medium schools of india...Atiya Khan
Although there have been recurring reforms in the policy of Indian government towards the teaching and learning of English and currently English is taught as a compulsory subject in all schools, students from vernacular-medium schools suffer as apart from total unfamiliarity with the language, the pedagogies used to teach English do not enable them to speak the language fluently. Albeit, the demands in India for better teaching and learning of English are not being met meaningfully in vernacular-medium schools. Vernacular-medium students in India mostly leave school speaking a language that would not be recognised in the job market. This paper is a review of related literature to suggest a reconsideration of English language teaching in vernacular-medium schools of India with an emphasis on employability.
Administering Interdenominational Competency class is a very common problem. Mostly, if not all, Language Classes contain students of mixed competency. This happens for a number of reasons, but mainly because of different learning styles, learning speed, variation in motivation, and very frequently as a result of logistic decisions as most solutions to the problems depend on cooperation between the members of the class.
Co-operative learning may be the most thoroughly researched instructional method in education and rapidly growing body of research supports the effectiveness of the approach. Cooperatively taught students tend to have better and longer information retention, higher grades, more highly developed critical thinking and problem solving skills, more positive attitude towards the subject and greater motivation to learn
The function of English as the international language that connects various countries with different languages makes English as an important communication tool to be learned and taught for students from various levels of education as the provision to face the current era of globalization. The chain story technique that implemented in this research, is a technique that is suitable to be used to teach students who have not dared to actively use English. This technique helps students of Imanuel YPK Vocational High School, Sorong City to work as a team and help each other to construct the sentence. This study was designed in the form of Classroom Action Research (CAR). The method of this research is a qualitative and quantitative method. The qualitative to explain the condition before and after the action. The quantitative to count the score of the students. As for the subject in this research is the Class X Automation and Office Management. This is done in order to obtain valid and reliable research data. Data collection techniques used were observation, test and interview. Results of the study showed that: (1) Based on the observation, the students are changed to be more brave and confident to speak English; (2) Based on the test, there is a very significant change towards the positive, when compared to the value of very good and good in cycle 1 which is 42% while in cycle 2 is 80%, so there is an increase of 38%; (3) Based on the interview, the students were happy and giving the good responses about the treatment and the progress they have done.
The article attempts to examine the importance of balancing linguistic competence and teaching performance in learning and teaching English as a foreign language. It explains, how important is for English of a foreign language has good knowledge of grammar and vocabulary (linguistic competence) as well as strategies or methods (performance) to help students in their classroom. To reach this goal, it is suggested that EFL teachers should be continuously in professional development training to develop these skills.
3. 7 article june edition vol 9 no 1 2016 register journal iain salatigaFaisal Pak
REGISTER JOURNAL has the perspectives of languages and language teachings. This journal aims at presenting and discussing some outstanding issues dealing with language and language teachings
This journal encompasses original research articles, and short communications, including:
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
Psycholinguistics
Sociolinguistics
Discourse Analysis
Linguistics in Education
Linguistics in Literature
Language Acquisitions
English Language Teaching (ELT)
English as Second Language (ESL)
English as Foreign Language (EFL)
English for Specific Purpose (ESP)
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BIPA VISION-MISSION PROGRAMS AS INTERNATIONALIZATION OF...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : There are several factors supporting Indonesian language as one of the global languages. The
easiness of the use and structure of Indonesian vocabulary makes foreign speakers learn it easily, consequently,
Indonesian has been studied by various countries abroad. Therefore, effort to internationalize Indonesian will be
easier. One of the efforts to familiarize Indonesian language is by Indonesian Language Learning for Foreign
Speakers (BIPA). BIPA learning programs introduce foreigners to learn Indonesia language and culture, based
on the vision and mission of BIPA as Indonesian Language Agency applied. This study describes the efforts to
implement BIPA vision and mission programs in the Language Center of Sebelas Maret University. The
application of its vision and mission in the institution becomes essential, because it determines the institution
goals or mandates. The research method in this study used a qualitative method based on case studies. The data
in this study were obtained through observation, field notes, and in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, data analysis
used is data triangulation technique, and the presentation method of the results uses descriptions techniques.
KEYWORDS: BIPA, Indonesian, foreign speaker, vision-mision implementation
Reconsidering english language teaching in vernacular medium schools of india...Atiya Khan
Although there have been recurring reforms in the policy of Indian government towards the teaching and learning of English and currently English is taught as a compulsory subject in all schools, students from vernacular-medium schools suffer as apart from total unfamiliarity with the language, the pedagogies used to teach English do not enable them to speak the language fluently. Albeit, the demands in India for better teaching and learning of English are not being met meaningfully in vernacular-medium schools. Vernacular-medium students in India mostly leave school speaking a language that would not be recognised in the job market. This paper is a review of related literature to suggest a reconsideration of English language teaching in vernacular-medium schools of India with an emphasis on employability.
Administering Interdenominational Competency class is a very common problem. Mostly, if not all, Language Classes contain students of mixed competency. This happens for a number of reasons, but mainly because of different learning styles, learning speed, variation in motivation, and very frequently as a result of logistic decisions as most solutions to the problems depend on cooperation between the members of the class.
Co-operative learning may be the most thoroughly researched instructional method in education and rapidly growing body of research supports the effectiveness of the approach. Cooperatively taught students tend to have better and longer information retention, higher grades, more highly developed critical thinking and problem solving skills, more positive attitude towards the subject and greater motivation to learn
The function of English as the international language that connects various countries with different languages makes English as an important communication tool to be learned and taught for students from various levels of education as the provision to face the current era of globalization. The chain story technique that implemented in this research, is a technique that is suitable to be used to teach students who have not dared to actively use English. This technique helps students of Imanuel YPK Vocational High School, Sorong City to work as a team and help each other to construct the sentence. This study was designed in the form of Classroom Action Research (CAR). The method of this research is a qualitative and quantitative method. The qualitative to explain the condition before and after the action. The quantitative to count the score of the students. As for the subject in this research is the Class X Automation and Office Management. This is done in order to obtain valid and reliable research data. Data collection techniques used were observation, test and interview. Results of the study showed that: (1) Based on the observation, the students are changed to be more brave and confident to speak English; (2) Based on the test, there is a very significant change towards the positive, when compared to the value of very good and good in cycle 1 which is 42% while in cycle 2 is 80%, so there is an increase of 38%; (3) Based on the interview, the students were happy and giving the good responses about the treatment and the progress they have done.
The article attempts to examine the importance of balancing linguistic competence and teaching performance in learning and teaching English as a foreign language. It explains, how important is for English of a foreign language has good knowledge of grammar and vocabulary (linguistic competence) as well as strategies or methods (performance) to help students in their classroom. To reach this goal, it is suggested that EFL teachers should be continuously in professional development training to develop these skills.
3. 7 article june edition vol 9 no 1 2016 register journal iain salatigaFaisal Pak
REGISTER JOURNAL has the perspectives of languages and language teachings. This journal aims at presenting and discussing some outstanding issues dealing with language and language teachings
This journal encompasses original research articles, and short communications, including:
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
Psycholinguistics
Sociolinguistics
Discourse Analysis
Linguistics in Education
Linguistics in Literature
Language Acquisitions
English Language Teaching (ELT)
English as Second Language (ESL)
English as Foreign Language (EFL)
English for Specific Purpose (ESP)
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BIPA VISION-MISSION PROGRAMS AS INTERNATIONALIZATION OF...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : There are several factors supporting Indonesian language as one of the global languages. The
easiness of the use and structure of Indonesian vocabulary makes foreign speakers learn it easily, consequently,
Indonesian has been studied by various countries abroad. Therefore, effort to internationalize Indonesian will be
easier. One of the efforts to familiarize Indonesian language is by Indonesian Language Learning for Foreign
Speakers (BIPA). BIPA learning programs introduce foreigners to learn Indonesia language and culture, based
on the vision and mission of BIPA as Indonesian Language Agency applied. This study describes the efforts to
implement BIPA vision and mission programs in the Language Center of Sebelas Maret University. The
application of its vision and mission in the institution becomes essential, because it determines the institution
goals or mandates. The research method in this study used a qualitative method based on case studies. The data
in this study were obtained through observation, field notes, and in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, data analysis
used is data triangulation technique, and the presentation method of the results uses descriptions techniques.
KEYWORDS: BIPA, Indonesian, foreign speaker, vision-mision implementation
Vocabulary learning is an integral part of foreign language learning. The meaning of new words is very often emphasised, both in books and in verbal communication. Vocabulary is considered a centre of language teaching and is very important for language learners. This study found a daily code-mixing strategy in learning English vocabulary in the second grade of secondary school. The method used is qualitative and quantitative. The research phase includes pre-test and post-test, questionnaire and interview. The findings show that there is an influence on the level of student skills in using the strategy. Furthermore, it also found that students with higher vocabulary levels tended to take lessons in class interactively, this became fun, and students could motivate themselves they usually succeeded in learning by asking, monitoring and evaluating their learning habits. The findings also show that students with low vocabulary levels tend to choose to ignore direction and lack of participation, which means that they do not care about the course of the teacher and still carry unfavourable habits in the classroom. The findings of this study contribute to the further development of existing code-mixing theory and about vocabulary students and strategies. This study refers to giving benefits to classroom practice in the Indonesian context, specifically in increasing EFL teacher awareness so as not to focus solely on existing strategies, but rather look at the phenomena that occur around to create new strategies in teaching English.
Implementation of total quality management in cheap packages education Progra...SubmissionResearchpa
Quality management is something that needs to be prepared in improving human resources in the coming era. Pursuing an education package is one of the solutions in overcoming the equal distribution of education to improve the quality of Indonesian human resources. The quality of pursuing education packages must also be prepared to carry out quality education. The quality of pursuing education packages can be implemented by fulfilling four aspects, namely aspects of leadership, aspects of the quality of educators, aspects of service quality and aspects of customer satisfaction. The synergy of the four aspects is the key to the success of a quality education that is well realized by M Sururi and M.Ihsan Dacholfany 2020. Implementation of total quality management in cheap packages education Program in Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM) Maju Jaya Mesuji district lampung Indonesia. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 5 (Mar. 2020), 1-9. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.135. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/135/132 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/135
Competency-based English Teaching and Learning: Investigating Pre-service tea...Haksa Vanholick
English competency is known as one of the crucial skills in various social
contexts in Hong Kong. In tertiary educational setting, English courses do not focus
solely on the development of the four language skills. Rather, they put emphasis on the
application of English Language for academic use or instrumental use
OCCE 2018 Keynote: Authentic and Contextual Learning with ICT in IndiaAmina Charania
OCCE 2018, Keynote: Amina Charania. This presentation highlights Constructivist use of ICT in education-India story and presents best practices in India in government schools.
The study aims to explore the problems and difficulties of students speaking
English language for Engineering students hailing from rural background. The study
moreover aims to explore the causes of such difficulties. The researcher designed
certain tasks based on Task based language teaching on the sample of the study.
These tasks are applied for each student to investigate speaking difficulties and the
causes of such difficulties. The results showed and indicated that there are some
difficulties in speaking English due to fear of making mistakes, anxiety, shyness and
lack of confidence. The researcher identified to provide environment support and
encourage the students to speak English frequently
The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers...SubmissionResearchpa
The paper discussed the import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. It highlighted the relevance of the primary school teacher; effective development programmes for them in relation to their teaching competences; the primary education in Nigeria, its functions and challenges confronting it; challenges facing primary school teachers. The paper further explored the objectives and forms of teachers’ development and barriers to effective teacher development programmes in Nigeria. It concluded that Mechanisms for effective teachers’ professional development should be put in place by stakeholders on a regular basis; as this is tantamount to enhancing teachers’ teaching competences and that teachers at the primary schools need regular onthe-job professional development programmes. A number of recommendations were articulated to ensure continuous and effective teachers development for practicing primary school teachers in Nigeria. by Osiesi Mensah Prince 2020. The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 7 (Jul. 2020), 111-118. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i7.507. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/507/484 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/507
Cooperative Learning and Student’s Academic Achievement in English Language i...iosrjce
This paper examined cooperative learning and academic achievement of students in English
language in Imo State. The study adopted quasi experimental pre-test, post-test control group design. The
sample for the study consisted of twenty (20) SS2 Students, purposively selected from two classes in a senior
secondary school in Imo State. The instrument used for the study was the English Language Achievement
Test (ELAT). Section A of the ELAT contained the bio-data of the respondents while section B consisted
of 30 multiple-choice question items. The research questions were answered using mean rating to determine the
difference between the pre-test and the post-test while the hypothesis was tested using Analysis of Covariance
(ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The findings indicated that there was a significant difference
between the achievement mean scores of subjects in the cooperative learning group and those in the control
group. The study revealed that Cooperative Learning plays a significant role in students’ academic
achievement in English Language. The paper therefore, recommended the retraining of teachers towards using
cooperative learning for student’s optimal academic achievement
The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers...SubmissionResearchpa
The paper discussed the import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. It highlighted the relevance of the primary school teacher; effective development programmes for them in relation to their teaching competences; the primary education in Nigeria, its functions and challenges confronting it; challenges facing primary school teachers. The paper further explored the objectives and forms of teachers’ development and barriers to effective teacher development programmes in Nigeria. It concluded that Mechanisms for effective teachers’ professional development should be put in place by stakeholders on a regular basis; as this is tantamount to enhancing teachers’ teaching competences and that teachers at the primary schools need regular on-the-job professional development programmes. A number of recommendations were articulated to ensure continuous and effective teachers development for practicing primary school teachers in Nigeria by OSIESI Mensah Prince 2020. The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 48-55. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.677 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/677/639 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/677
TRADITIONAL VERSUS BLENDED LEARNING METHOD: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ITS EFFECT...ijait
ABSTRACT
This article presents a descriptive comparative study on two methods of teaching, the traditional and blended learning pedagogical approach in a Business Communication course. Forty-four (44) students from the two controlled groups were enrolled in the course for the first semester of school year 2017-2018 participated in the study. The findings indicated that respondents’ performance in ENGL118 (English Composition) had an effect on their performance in BUS261(Business Communication) and there was a significant positive relationship between year level and final grade in BUS261. Therefore, it was concluded that the year level and grade in ENGL118 have correlationson student’sperformance in BUS261. The results of the assessments of the two groups were compared and indicated a significant difference in the results which was influenced by respondents’ year level and mode of conducting assessments. It is further concluded, that if the characteristics of both groups were the same, blended would have been more effective than the traditional method.This study recommends adopting the blended pedagogical approach not only in BUS261 course but also to other courses as applicable.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The study is aimed at describing the students’ perception of direct teacher corrective feedback in a foreign language writing class. It is descriptive quantitative research, employing questionnaires and observation as research instruments, which was conducted with 20 students of the fourth semester English department students of Palangka Raya State Islamic Institute of 2018/ 2019 academic year. The findings revealed that, firstly, in terms of the perception of students’ attitudes toward direct teacher corrective feedback, 75 percent of participants felt that they agreed to receive direct teacher corrective feedback on language form, content, and organization. Their preference for the area of corrective feedback in language forms was 85 percent while the organization was 65 percent. Secondly, dealing with the students’ perception on direct teacher feedback, 90 percent of students argued that they felt satisfied when they got direct teacher feedback. 85 percent of students perceived that their teacher’s feedback helped them improve their writing, and 90 percent of them realized that their teacher’s feedback made them feel confident in producing a better draft. Finally, most students responded that they appreciated the teacher’s feedback. In addition, the students believed that direct teacher feedback improved writing especially on grammar accuracy and organization.
Challenges facing staff development and training: A survey of secondary schoo...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges facing staff development and training needs of teachers of English in secondary schools in Kenya with reference to Kericho County. The objective of the study was to describe factors limiting teachers’ participation in staff development and training programmes. In doing this, the study adopted the needs assessment theory and Frederic Herzerberg’s two factor theory of job motivation and satisfaction. Both theories talk of the need for continuous training of staff in order to increase their productivity. Both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies were used in the study. The study used a survey research design. A total of 25 schools, 50 teachers of English, 25 heads of department and 25 head teachers took part in the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the 25 schools out of which two teachers of English from each of the participating schools were randomly picked. All heads of English departments and head teachers of the participating schools took part in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the 50 teachers of English while interview schedules were used to obtain data from the heads of English departments and head teachers. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like percentages and presented using tables, charts and figures, while qualitative data from the heads of departments and head teachers’ interview schedules was coded and analyzed thematically to establish relationships, trends and patterns from which the researcher drew useful conclusions and recommendations. The study established that most of the teachers fell short of the expected competencies under investigation, an indication of the need for more in-service training for serving teachers. The study also established that there were many factors hindering teachers’ participation in the existing staff development and training programmes. The study recommends that in-service training should be structured, regularized, institutionalized and made compulsory for all teachers of English.
ACCEPTANCE AND READINESS OF MOBILE LEARNING INTEGRATION AMONG TEACHERS OF DYS...ijma
ABSTRACT
Mobile technology enables the creation of mobile applications to assist learning. However, integrating the most appropriate mobile applications as an assistive technology for dyslexic students is challenging for teachers if they are unprepared with sufficient knowledge. This preliminary study aimed to understand the acceptance and readiness of mobile learning integration among teachers of dyslexic students. The study was a qualitative study, which involved one selected mobile application to be evaluated by four selected teachers. Teachers had been interviewed. Interestingly, the teachers showed positive attitude in acceptance and readiness of using mobile application in class, with condition it suits dyslexic students learning needs. They believe using appropriate mobile application can support learning. Following this study, more studies will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of abundant implementation towards mobile learning by teachers of dyslexic learning.
Vocabulary learning is an integral part of foreign language learning. The meaning of new words is very often emphasised, both in books and in verbal communication. Vocabulary is considered a centre of language teaching and is very important for language learners. This study found a daily code-mixing strategy in learning English vocabulary in the second grade of secondary school. The method used is qualitative and quantitative. The research phase includes pre-test and post-test, questionnaire and interview. The findings show that there is an influence on the level of student skills in using the strategy. Furthermore, it also found that students with higher vocabulary levels tended to take lessons in class interactively, this became fun, and students could motivate themselves they usually succeeded in learning by asking, monitoring and evaluating their learning habits. The findings also show that students with low vocabulary levels tend to choose to ignore direction and lack of participation, which means that they do not care about the course of the teacher and still carry unfavourable habits in the classroom. The findings of this study contribute to the further development of existing code-mixing theory and about vocabulary students and strategies. This study refers to giving benefits to classroom practice in the Indonesian context, specifically in increasing EFL teacher awareness so as not to focus solely on existing strategies, but rather look at the phenomena that occur around to create new strategies in teaching English.
Implementation of total quality management in cheap packages education Progra...SubmissionResearchpa
Quality management is something that needs to be prepared in improving human resources in the coming era. Pursuing an education package is one of the solutions in overcoming the equal distribution of education to improve the quality of Indonesian human resources. The quality of pursuing education packages must also be prepared to carry out quality education. The quality of pursuing education packages can be implemented by fulfilling four aspects, namely aspects of leadership, aspects of the quality of educators, aspects of service quality and aspects of customer satisfaction. The synergy of the four aspects is the key to the success of a quality education that is well realized by M Sururi and M.Ihsan Dacholfany 2020. Implementation of total quality management in cheap packages education Program in Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM) Maju Jaya Mesuji district lampung Indonesia. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 5 (Mar. 2020), 1-9. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.135. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/135/132 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/135
Competency-based English Teaching and Learning: Investigating Pre-service tea...Haksa Vanholick
English competency is known as one of the crucial skills in various social
contexts in Hong Kong. In tertiary educational setting, English courses do not focus
solely on the development of the four language skills. Rather, they put emphasis on the
application of English Language for academic use or instrumental use
OCCE 2018 Keynote: Authentic and Contextual Learning with ICT in IndiaAmina Charania
OCCE 2018, Keynote: Amina Charania. This presentation highlights Constructivist use of ICT in education-India story and presents best practices in India in government schools.
The study aims to explore the problems and difficulties of students speaking
English language for Engineering students hailing from rural background. The study
moreover aims to explore the causes of such difficulties. The researcher designed
certain tasks based on Task based language teaching on the sample of the study.
These tasks are applied for each student to investigate speaking difficulties and the
causes of such difficulties. The results showed and indicated that there are some
difficulties in speaking English due to fear of making mistakes, anxiety, shyness and
lack of confidence. The researcher identified to provide environment support and
encourage the students to speak English frequently
The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers...SubmissionResearchpa
The paper discussed the import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. It highlighted the relevance of the primary school teacher; effective development programmes for them in relation to their teaching competences; the primary education in Nigeria, its functions and challenges confronting it; challenges facing primary school teachers. The paper further explored the objectives and forms of teachers’ development and barriers to effective teacher development programmes in Nigeria. It concluded that Mechanisms for effective teachers’ professional development should be put in place by stakeholders on a regular basis; as this is tantamount to enhancing teachers’ teaching competences and that teachers at the primary schools need regular onthe-job professional development programmes. A number of recommendations were articulated to ensure continuous and effective teachers development for practicing primary school teachers in Nigeria. by Osiesi Mensah Prince 2020. The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 7 (Jul. 2020), 111-118. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i7.507. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/507/484 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/507
Cooperative Learning and Student’s Academic Achievement in English Language i...iosrjce
This paper examined cooperative learning and academic achievement of students in English
language in Imo State. The study adopted quasi experimental pre-test, post-test control group design. The
sample for the study consisted of twenty (20) SS2 Students, purposively selected from two classes in a senior
secondary school in Imo State. The instrument used for the study was the English Language Achievement
Test (ELAT). Section A of the ELAT contained the bio-data of the respondents while section B consisted
of 30 multiple-choice question items. The research questions were answered using mean rating to determine the
difference between the pre-test and the post-test while the hypothesis was tested using Analysis of Covariance
(ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The findings indicated that there was a significant difference
between the achievement mean scores of subjects in the cooperative learning group and those in the control
group. The study revealed that Cooperative Learning plays a significant role in students’ academic
achievement in English Language. The paper therefore, recommended the retraining of teachers towards using
cooperative learning for student’s optimal academic achievement
The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers...SubmissionResearchpa
The paper discussed the import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. It highlighted the relevance of the primary school teacher; effective development programmes for them in relation to their teaching competences; the primary education in Nigeria, its functions and challenges confronting it; challenges facing primary school teachers. The paper further explored the objectives and forms of teachers’ development and barriers to effective teacher development programmes in Nigeria. It concluded that Mechanisms for effective teachers’ professional development should be put in place by stakeholders on a regular basis; as this is tantamount to enhancing teachers’ teaching competences and that teachers at the primary schools need regular on-the-job professional development programmes. A number of recommendations were articulated to ensure continuous and effective teachers development for practicing primary school teachers in Nigeria by OSIESI Mensah Prince 2020. The import of professional development programmes for primary school teachers in Nigeria. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 48-55. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.677 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/677/639 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/677
TRADITIONAL VERSUS BLENDED LEARNING METHOD: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ITS EFFECT...ijait
ABSTRACT
This article presents a descriptive comparative study on two methods of teaching, the traditional and blended learning pedagogical approach in a Business Communication course. Forty-four (44) students from the two controlled groups were enrolled in the course for the first semester of school year 2017-2018 participated in the study. The findings indicated that respondents’ performance in ENGL118 (English Composition) had an effect on their performance in BUS261(Business Communication) and there was a significant positive relationship between year level and final grade in BUS261. Therefore, it was concluded that the year level and grade in ENGL118 have correlationson student’sperformance in BUS261. The results of the assessments of the two groups were compared and indicated a significant difference in the results which was influenced by respondents’ year level and mode of conducting assessments. It is further concluded, that if the characteristics of both groups were the same, blended would have been more effective than the traditional method.This study recommends adopting the blended pedagogical approach not only in BUS261 course but also to other courses as applicable.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The study is aimed at describing the students’ perception of direct teacher corrective feedback in a foreign language writing class. It is descriptive quantitative research, employing questionnaires and observation as research instruments, which was conducted with 20 students of the fourth semester English department students of Palangka Raya State Islamic Institute of 2018/ 2019 academic year. The findings revealed that, firstly, in terms of the perception of students’ attitudes toward direct teacher corrective feedback, 75 percent of participants felt that they agreed to receive direct teacher corrective feedback on language form, content, and organization. Their preference for the area of corrective feedback in language forms was 85 percent while the organization was 65 percent. Secondly, dealing with the students’ perception on direct teacher feedback, 90 percent of students argued that they felt satisfied when they got direct teacher feedback. 85 percent of students perceived that their teacher’s feedback helped them improve their writing, and 90 percent of them realized that their teacher’s feedback made them feel confident in producing a better draft. Finally, most students responded that they appreciated the teacher’s feedback. In addition, the students believed that direct teacher feedback improved writing especially on grammar accuracy and organization.
Challenges facing staff development and training: A survey of secondary schoo...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges facing staff development and training needs of teachers of English in secondary schools in Kenya with reference to Kericho County. The objective of the study was to describe factors limiting teachers’ participation in staff development and training programmes. In doing this, the study adopted the needs assessment theory and Frederic Herzerberg’s two factor theory of job motivation and satisfaction. Both theories talk of the need for continuous training of staff in order to increase their productivity. Both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies were used in the study. The study used a survey research design. A total of 25 schools, 50 teachers of English, 25 heads of department and 25 head teachers took part in the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the 25 schools out of which two teachers of English from each of the participating schools were randomly picked. All heads of English departments and head teachers of the participating schools took part in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the 50 teachers of English while interview schedules were used to obtain data from the heads of English departments and head teachers. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like percentages and presented using tables, charts and figures, while qualitative data from the heads of departments and head teachers’ interview schedules was coded and analyzed thematically to establish relationships, trends and patterns from which the researcher drew useful conclusions and recommendations. The study established that most of the teachers fell short of the expected competencies under investigation, an indication of the need for more in-service training for serving teachers. The study also established that there were many factors hindering teachers’ participation in the existing staff development and training programmes. The study recommends that in-service training should be structured, regularized, institutionalized and made compulsory for all teachers of English.
ACCEPTANCE AND READINESS OF MOBILE LEARNING INTEGRATION AMONG TEACHERS OF DYS...ijma
ABSTRACT
Mobile technology enables the creation of mobile applications to assist learning. However, integrating the most appropriate mobile applications as an assistive technology for dyslexic students is challenging for teachers if they are unprepared with sufficient knowledge. This preliminary study aimed to understand the acceptance and readiness of mobile learning integration among teachers of dyslexic students. The study was a qualitative study, which involved one selected mobile application to be evaluated by four selected teachers. Teachers had been interviewed. Interestingly, the teachers showed positive attitude in acceptance and readiness of using mobile application in class, with condition it suits dyslexic students learning needs. They believe using appropriate mobile application can support learning. Following this study, more studies will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of abundant implementation towards mobile learning by teachers of dyslexic learning.
E Portfolio Tools For Reflective Practice In Initial Teacherreadingcdotl
On 18th June 2009, Judith Davies and Robyn Drinkwater gave a presentation at the University of Reading's own "Futureproofing PDP and e-Portfolio Developments" Event, discussing the findings of the focus group that was run earlier in the year.
Innovation through continuing professional developmentPeter Beech
Engaging in the process of continuing professional development enables us to remain fresh, embrace innovation and become the best teachers that we can be. In this workshop, we introduce several specific and practical activities which we can adopt as part of our development. Some of these, like keeping a reflective journal, are individual activities but our main focus is on cooperative development.
Being observed and reflecting on feedback is the most immediate way for us to increase our awareness of how we teach, while observing colleagues gives us the opportunity to see different styles of teaching. We suggest guidelines for peer observation designed to promote the development of self-awareness for experienced as well as novice teachers. These focus on the use of observation as a tool to provide constructive and formative feedback rather than criticism or evaluation.
The input that we receive from observing and being observed can be used as the basis for classroom research, giving us ideas to try out in the classroom and leading to a cycle of experimentation and reflection. This is very useful source of innovation, as it comes from within our own classrooms and so is maximally relevant to the needs of our students.
The workshop also suggests a few other ideas for collaborative development, introducing innovation to maximize the effectiveness of our teaching. These include presentation and discussion of interesting journal articles, sharing ideas for innovation using new technologies, and collaborating together on small-scale classroom research projects.
Professional teacher development wk3 USC 2016 Larry Lynch
English language teacher training course part 3 at the Santiago de Cali University in Cali, Colombia with strategies for earning better salary, recognition and responsability
Reflective teaching- its definition, the questions that should be there in the mind of a reflective practioner , the materials that can be used for the success of this practice
10 key points for professional developmentSilvia Sowa
Process to find the 10 most important key points to develop professionally. Making questions, answering them, analyzing opportunities, personal characteristics, and to be prepared, are some of the steps to be able to find the inner needs and mostly to enjoy professional growth.
Reviewing the evidence of professional development that makes most difference...Atiya Khan
The adoption of current technologies for teaching by English teachers in India is at the initial stage, as teachers require encouragement, opportunities and guidance to utilise innovative forms of professional development. Moreover, long established, formal, and large-scale professional development workshops for English teachers in India leave little room for them to use ICT effectively for teaching their particular subject and in their particular teaching contexts (Prince & Barrett, 2014). As long as effective change in professional development is not achieved, ICT investments in Indian schools will continue to be largely ineffective. This paper reviews understandings and practices of the professional development of English teachers in different settings in India. It represents a broad spectrum of issues that are of concern for the professional development of English teachers in India, the issue of endangered praxis, challenges in the use of ICT in ESL classrooms, recent initiatives in teacher professional development, and the importance of school support in innovative professional development of English teachers in India.
Embracing the reasons for the failure of donor-sponsored English-teacher training
programs is very critical since it precedes the revisions, improvements and quality
assurance for the futuristic training programs. Ideating such philosophy, the current
study concerns the blatant penetration with regard to the donor-aided training
programs in Bangladesh. Conceptualizing the Organized Hypocrisy (OH) theory,
the current study, particularly, explored to seek the answer as to how OH is
trivializing the donor-funded English teacher training programs in Bangladesh. A
systematic review process has been adopted concerning the donor-aided English
teacher training programs, mobile learning theories and teacher development
theories. The review yielded critical insights to apprehend the phenomena affecting
the donor-sponsored training programs in the respective context. The study
revealed that outright violation of donor’s mandates and policies, and
mainstreaming gaps resulted in the failure of the donor-sponsored training programs. Disputing the commitments from donor’s part is identified ubiquitous in
the training programs.
Reticence of Speaking in a Maldivian ESL Classroom Causes and Solutionijtsrd
Although teachers adopt various approaches in their teaching to improve the language skills of the students, reticent behaviour of the students in speaking lessons often frustrates teachers. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the factors contributing to the reticent behaviour of students in ESL classrooms, strategies used by Maldivian students to cope with speaking anxiety and how teachers attempt to alleviate the problem of reticence in ESL classroom. To fulfill this aim, the present paper addresses the following questions 1 what do Maldivian students and teachers notice as the factors contributing the reticence in speaking in ESL classrooms 2 What strategies do Maldivian learners use to cope with speaking anxiety 3 What strategies do Maldivian teachers adopt to effectively cope with student’s reticent behaviour of speaking in ESL class The data was taken from seven participants four teachers and three students through face to face interview. Further, classroom observations was done to gain more information about the behviour being studied. The research findings showed that different social psychological factors, fluency factors and cognitive factors make the learners to be reticent in ESL classroom. Furthermore, students employ various strategies, such as avoidance strategy, seeking help from friends, using mother tongue, writing and rehearsing what they want to say in order to cope with the problem of reticence. The findings also showed that teachers attempt to alleviate the problem by altering the teaching methods and building a stress free classroom environment for the students. Surprisingly, the results showed that teachers give less importance to speaking skill as it not tested in exam. Therefore, it is recommended to include speaking in when Maldivian students do IGCSE exam. Suhana Abdul Shakoor "Reticence of Speaking in a Maldivian ESL Classroom: Causes and Solution" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38208.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38208/reticence-of-speaking-in-a-maldivian-esl-classroom-causes-and-solution/suhana-abdul-shakoor
Facing Problems & Changing Strategies in Teaching of English at Elementary Sc...paperpublications3
Abstract: The present Research paper focuses on problems before the English Language teachers in India are enormous and apparent. They should be able to cater to the practical needs of learners, to make them competent enough to interact with one another and also to retrieve information all over the world. English has a base in several countries and is considered as the most suitable and convenient tool for International Communication. The ultimate aim of Education is to impart knowledge to the learners, to prepare them for their future life. Teaching school students through chalk and talk approach has been in practice for long India. Various strategies for achieving the present goal of school education were discussed and some are put into practice. The present paper endeavors to unravel the positive and negative points concerning teaching of English in schools. The prospectus, methodology, teachers and methods of teaching English is also conferred in inherent way.
The Effect of Teachers' Training in Secondary English Teachers' Practice of C...Md. Mehadi Rahman
The study investigates the effectiveness of current teachers' training programs in secondary English teachers practising CLT in Bangladesh. The study follows a mixed design. Secondary trained English teachers were the main data source of the study. The study used an observation protocol for a training session; one questionnaire for teachers, and one
FGD interview schedule for teachers as main sources of data collection. Qualitative data from the interview were used to
triangulate the quantitative data from the questionnaire. One hundred teachers were chosen randomly from twenty secondary schools from Dhaka, Bogura and Rajshahi division.
There were (25) English teachers from five schools who were
chosen purposively for FGD. Result showed that teachers
training has less positive effects on their CLT practice in the
secondary classroom. Through training, teachers understood
the importance of CLT, nevertheless they did not practice CLT properly in the classrooms. Results showed that teachers blamed the mismatch between the assessment system and the
CLT approach for the inability to implement the CLT appropriately. Therefore, the study suggests changing the
current assessment system and increasing support for the trained teachers to practise CLT in the classroom
This study aimed to develop English supplementary materials to meet the needs of nursing students on English learning through Instructional Conversation (IC) method. This research was categorized into research and development. The materials were validated by two experts to come to the final product. This research conducted at the Nursing Study Program involving students of the second semester. The data collected from classroom and checklist observation, questionnaire, an interview. Considering the data collected, the English textbooks available and used in the Nursing Study Program contains English language learning materials that are still common and less specific for students used in the nursing study program. Therefore, English supplementary materials through Instructional Conversation (IC) method should be developed by considering the needs of lecturers and students. English supplementary materials through the Instructional Conversation method were developed by considering several aspects.
Examining the Impact of Training and Nativeness on Teacher’s self-efficacy in...SubmissionResearchpa
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of training and 'nativeness' on teacher's self-efficacy in teaching English as a second language. A questionnaire was used and administered to 281 foreign teachers in Nasseria, Iraq. The teacher’s sense of efficacy scale (TSES) was employed to measure a teacher's self-efficacy. Using MANOVA, we tested the impact of teachers’ training and 'nativeness' on a teacher’s self-efficacy. The analysis showed that trained teachers have higher self-efficacy than untrained teachers and further that professional development enhances self-efficacy. The study established that being a native speaker does not necessarily influence a teacher's self-efficacy and goes to support the hypothesis that target language proficiency should not be associated with being a language teacher. Ultimately, policymakers and educational administrators should concentrate on the professional development of language teachers and disband the native/non-native dichotomy by Lina Lafta Jassim 2020. Examining the Impact of Training and Nativeness on Teacher’s self-efficacy in teaching English. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 81-97. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.540 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/540/516 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/540
Examining the Impact of Training and Nativeness on Teacher’s self-efficacy in...SubmissionResearchpa
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of training and 'nativeness' on teacher's self-efficacy in teaching English as a second language. A questionnaire was used and administered to 281 foreign teachers in Nasseria, Iraq. The teacher’s sense of efficacy scale (TSES) was employed to measure a teacher's self-efficacy. Using MANOVA, we tested the impact of teachers’ training and 'nativeness' on a teacher’s self-efficacy. The analysis showed that trained teachers have higher self-efficacy than untrained teachers and further that professional development enhances self-efficacy. The study established that being a native speaker does not necessarily influence a teacher's self-efficacy and goes to support the hypothesis that target language proficiency should not be associated with being a language teacher. Ultimately, policymakers and educational administrators should concentrate on the professional development of language teachers and disband the native/non-native dichotomy by Lina Lafta Jassim 2020. Examining the Impact of Training and Nativeness on Teacher’s self-efficacy in teaching English. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 8 (Aug. 2020), 53-69. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.537 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/537/513 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/537
THE EFFECTS OF VISUAL MATERIALS ON STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF VOCABULARY IN L...John1Lorcan
The aim of this research paper is to find out how visual materials affect student’s understanding on
literature and their perception towards usage of visual materials to learning literature. The targets of this
research were 39 form 4 intermediate class students in a secondary school in Ipoh town, Perak. Students’
understanding on literature is based on their score in the vocabulary recognition test. Questionnaire and
semi-structured interview were used to obtain students’ insight on usage of visual materials in learning
literature. Using the visual materials, students can understand the literature and word meanings better.
They showed positive attitude towards usage of visual materials during literature class.
Factors Affecting Teachers’ Implementation of Communicative Language Teaching...Mohammad Mosiur Rahman
This study focuses on the selected factors affecting teachers’ implementation of the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) curriculum in secondary schools in Bangladesh. The study is explorative, interpretivist, and qualitative in nature. A phenomenology approach, under qualitative method, was adopted to explore how teachers experience the phenomenon of CLT based curriculum change. Four schools were chosen, two from Dhaka (Urban), the capital of the country, and two from the villages in Chandpur (Rural). Eight selected participants were chosen from these schools based on a purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews, classroom observation and document analysis of curriculum, assessment, and teaching materials were the instruments of data collection. The finding of the study suggests that the shift from traditional Grammar Translation Method (GTM) to CLT was needed a positive outlook from all the selected factors in the context of change; however, this did not happen. Numerous factors such as, needs of classroom teachers, complexities regarding the mismatch of teaching syllabus and material with assessment, unequipped classrooms, and quality of teacher development facilities have challenged teachers to implement CLT as it was intended in the curriculum. The study suggests some recommendations to ensure the effective implementation of CLT curriculum. Future research is also recommended based on other factors and stakeholders.
Languages used by teachers in English-language classrooms: An EFL perspectivesouvikbarua3
Language and language policy researchers are interested in the development of using English in the English
language classroom in an EFL context in this era of globalization and internationalization. The main focus of the study
was to find answers to the questions of what languages are used in the EFL classroom and what problems teachers have
in using English at the secondary level in Bangladesh. According to the data from the study, teachers were challenged
by their own language skills, students’ language ability, and pedagogical problems. The findings of this study will help
teachers examine themselves more closely and come up with better ideas and reasons for their techniques and attitudes
toward English language teaching. Additionally, the study may reveal the teachers’ perspectives on the issues their
students face. In Bangladesh, social and economic disparities in two different regions within the same country produce
an imbalance in English language teaching, which obstructs the implementation of effective use of English as a language
of instruction in the classroom. Taking this into account, educators may focus on the procedures for an engaging and
neutral English language classroom use.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
Teacher professional development to support english language learning needs of vernacular medium students in india
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TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT
ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING NEEDS OF VERNACULAR
MEDIUM STUDENTS IN INDIA
Ms Atiya khan
M.Ed. Researcher, RMIT University
Melbourne, Australia
Introduction:
English is progressively being deemed as a ‘must-know’ language in India. It is rather
intriguing to observe that in a multilingual country, regardless of official language policies
designed to support the use of regional languages in educational contexts, English in fact is in
all areas of everyday living in the country; it is the language of administration and education,
and furthermore jobs in India continue to require fluency in English (Gargesh, 2006). As a
result, parents in India are more interested in placing their child into a private English-
medium school, a school where subjects are taught in the English language, rather than in a
regional or native language school (Galab, Vennam, Komanduri, Benny, & Georgiadis,
2013). Due the deprived quality of education in government affiliated vernacular medium
schools, even parents from low economic strata want their children to learn English and
hence are shifting their kids from government run vernacular medium schools to private
English medium schools and enrolment at vernacular schools happens to be declining
drastically. But there will be repercussions to this as India's poor manage to scrape together
enough money to send their children to more expensive private English medium schools
(Masani, 2012).
The English language crisis in vernacular schools of India:
Only a minority of high-income Indians have the good fortune to be educated in India’s elite
and expensive private English medium schools. There still is a colossal stratum of the Indian
population which attends state affiliated vernacular schools where English is not the chief
medium of education and where the status of English is ambiguous (Gupta, 2012). They are
deprived of effective English learning and struggle to compete in job market after formal
education (Ramanathan, 2007). According to the literature, vernacular students in India still
2. Issue 31 (July 2015)
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learn English in traditional ways: rote memorization and drills of repetition (Javalgekar,
2013). The teaching is inappropriate and inadequate as most English teachers teach through
the grammar-translation method in vernacular medium schools (Javalgekar, 2013). Jayanthi
(2011) argues that there is a gap between what learners of English are taught and what they
actually need. Moreover, they deal with English merely as a school subject; English language
is not used as a medium of instruction since the vernacular schools emphasize using the
regional or native language as the official language for teaching all subjects (Pramod & Kad,
2013). Their lingua franca is the regional or native language and they learn English by rote as
they do other subjects.
So what’s amiss with learning of English in primary and secondary vernacular medium
schools of India? That’s where the catch is — our teachers. Undoubtedly it is clear that
English plays a foremost and official role in the daily lives of very large numbers of people in
India and therefore, it remains the obligation of English teachers to develop the English
language capabilities of their students (Gupta, 2012). But vernacular medium students in
India mostly leave speaking a language that would not be recognised in the job market
(Pathan & Shiakh, 2012). Around 47 million of Indians in the 15-24 age range were
unemployed and so looking for work, based on alarming data published in the 2011 Census
of India. India’s crisis is not just unemployment – but also un-employability of a vast
majority of the people of our country who are unable to communicate proficiently in English.
Students coming from vernacular language schools in India feel diffident, inferior and
nervous as they find it difficult to adjust to English medium colleges and universities (Pathan
& Shiakh, 2012). A larger supply of confident, English speaking workforce would improve
income levels and socio-economic equality in our country. No concrete steps however, are
taken by the government to change the situation.
ICT is the key:
The current system of English language education in India is unable to fulfil the emerging
wants of people in a competitive and globalized setting (Gargesh, 2006). There is a crucial
need for improvement in teaching of English to vernacular medium students mostly from
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under-privileged socio-economic backgrounds so that they could sustain, flourish and prosper
in the real world, as also because there were a lot of dropouts from vernacular schools.
Exposing vernacular students to the significance of English language should be an enduring
obligation for English language teachers in these environments (Ramanathan, 2007). They
should master the various ways of teaching English keeping in mind the teaching-learning
needs and contextual constraints.
Recently, the use of ICT as a tool to improve the different English language skills has
enjoyed great attention in India (Chhabra, 2012; Kumaran, 2011; Light, 2009; Light, 2013;
Raval, 2014). Perhaps using ICT for teaching English is the answer, but not in the way it is
prevailing nowadays as teachers in India tend to learn and use ICT in a formal and outdated
fashion (Chandrakant, 2014). Research on the influence of technology in education
frequently reveals that teachers still need to develop their ability and attitude to carry out
innovations, that the school culture is not supportive of embracing technology, or that the
policies are not relevant to the use of technology (Groff & Mouza, 2008). ICT integrated
solutions must be initiated to reduce the disparity faced by children from poor strata due to
their inability to communicate in English, then to improve the utilisation of the limited
infrastructure and limited teaching staff which exist in vernacular medium schools, and to
teach students through affordable technology which makes the English subject fun and easy
for them to understand (Kumaran, 2011; Gupta, 2012).
Teacher professional development:
Student achievement is not influenced directly by new curricula and materials, or
sophisticated ICT infrastructure. Better student outcomes are the end result of better teaching
skills (Bolitho & Padwad, 2013). English language teachers, with a suitable ability level and
effective resources to cater to the teaching-learning practice, are among the essentials for
language learning in any environment and are especially crucial in the case of second
language learning (Wang, 2005). But the English language teaching competency of teachers
in several vernacular medium schools of India is unreasonable (Javalgekar, 2013; Pathan &
Shiakh, 2012). The goal of India’s education reform is to improve student performance
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through changes in teaching practices, and changes in teaching practices are likely to result
from changes in professional development (Bolitho & Padwad, 2013). Consequently,
professional development is one major area which needs significant changes if quality
teachers in India are to become available (Chattopadhyay, 2013).
Diaz-Maggioli (2003) defines professional development for language teachers as:
an ongoing learning process in which teachers engage voluntarily to learn how best to
adjust their teaching to the learning needs of their students. Professional development is
not a one-shot, one-size-fits-all event, but rather an evolving process of professional self-
disclosure, reflection, and growth that yields the best results when sustained over time in
communities of practice and when focused on job-embedded responsibilities. (p. 202)
However, research claims that in-service teachers are seemingly in a constant struggle to
reconcile the theory of professional training with the practice of the classroom. Bolitho and
Padwad (2013) highlight the problem of sending English language teachers to training
workshops that neither meet their needs nor capture their interests, and later result in ill-
prepared teachers. Much professional learning should be rooted in the specific contexts in
which teachers function (Doecke, Parr, & North, 2008). However, most of the in-service
training for teachers in India is reported as one-shot and de-contextualised workshops that are
mainly held at schools to meet an urgent need to strengthen teachers’ practical knowledge
(Padwad & Dixit, 2008). Teacher contributions to their own learning are rarely recognised in
India as professional development; teachers’ role, responsibility and agency in their own
professional development are disregarded (Stannard & Matharu, 2014). As a result, merely
officially sanctioned professional development programs obtain recognition and support in
India, even if they may not be related to teachers’ needs, whereas new forms of professional
development based on teachers’ own initiatives, needs and interests are not recognised or
supported (Bolitho & Padwad, 2013). Teachers end up engaging in formalised learning
environments which are separated from their learning needs and outside of their school
schedule (Bolitho & Padwad, 2013). In that case, professional action becomes a stubborn
structure operated by government, state, district or school policies, mandating a conventional
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culture of professional compliance instead of fostering a collaborative culture of professional
learning (Lieberman & Pointer-Mace, 2010). As long as this is the case, government funding
and resources for vernacular medium schools will continue to be largely ineffective. Schools
in India can no longer separate professional development activities from the on-going
realities of teachers' work and their workplace. Professional development and teachers’
context should be seen as integrated and interdependent by schools and policy makers in
India to support change and ongoing improvement efforts towards ICT integrated teaching
(Raval, McKenney, & Pieters, 2012).
The development of teachers’ ICT skills, knowledge, and attitudes has to be encouraged
through innovative professional development strategies. But an ICT enabled teaching
environment also cannot be created overnight: teachers need to experience appropriate input
so that they can become engaged in collaborative and contextual strategies of professional
learning. According to Khan (2015), innovative professional development of English teachers
in India is achievable with consistent time, school support, and collective participation of
teachers.
Recommendations:
Based on my review of related literature, a number of factors are important in planning and
implementing professional development for English teachers in vernacular medium schools
of India. Imported methods of teaching English have been used in a country like India. The
language professionals in India have not yet evolved appropriate methods and techniques of
teaching English in the Indian context, based on classroom experience, understanding, needs
and constraints. We have lived on ‘received knowledge’ and imported teaching strategies
from highly developed countries. But they prove to be ineffective in the context of vernacular
medium schools of India which are typically synonymous with overcrowded classrooms,
limited infrastructure, low socio-economic student backgrounds, varied curriculum,
ineffective textbooks, etc. (Jayanthi, 2011). I suggest a contextual-collaborative approach to
improve the quality of teaching and learning English in vernacular medium schools of India.
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An effective and on-going professional development program, based on the contextual-
collaborative approach, should:
1. Identify the vernacular students’ needs and constraints of learning English
2. Identify the professional development needs and constraints of English teachers in
vernacular schools
3. Design context-based ICT resources within the students and teachers’ needs and
constraints
4. Engage students and teachers in new pedagogy
5. Monitor and assess implementation
6. Evaluate outcomes
7. Reflect, revise and improve
Conclusion:
Teachers in vernacular medium schools have to reconsider their teaching strategies and
provide their students with innovative opportunities to deal with English language learning
requirements. However, the schools or their English teachers could be hesitant in the
beginning or might take time to accept changes in ICT integrated teaching and professional
development based on contextual-collaborative knowledge, theories and methods. Since ICT
is not organic to teaching of English in vernacular medium schools of India, it will take
extensive time, expert guidance, and school support before the teachers understand its finer
nuances, but meanwhile they can learn it well through the contextual-collaborative approach
for professional development.
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Article web link: http://www.fortell.org/content/teacher-professional-development-support-english-
language-learning-needs-vernacular-medium