There are three types of abdominal tuberculosis depending on presentation: ascitic type presents with fluid accumulation and small raised nodules, obstructive type causes intestinal thickening and obstruction, and glandular type affects lymph nodes. Symptoms include fever, appetite loss, fatigue, weight loss, and abdominal pain or changes in bowel movements. Diagnosis involves history, exam, imaging like x-rays, and analyzing fluid if present.

1. TB ABDOMEN

3.  Abdominal tuberculosis, which is one of the forms
of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, affects the
gastrointestinal tract, spleen, pancreas, liver,
peritoneum, omentum and lymph nodes adjacent
to these organs.

5.  There are three types of abdominal tuberculosis
depending upon the kind of presentation. They are:
1. Ascitic: This type of abdominal tuberculosis
presents with accumulation of fluid in the abdomen,
swollen abdomen and with nodules of 1-2mm in size
over the peritoneum (the inner lining of the abdomen)
which are slightly raised. It is also commonly referred
to as wet type of abdominal tuberculosis.

6. 2. Obstructive: This type is also called dry type and
manifests with adhesions over the omentum and loops
of intestines causing them to become thick and rubbery
and leading to intestinal obstruction.

7. 3. Glandular: This type affects mesenteric
lymph nodes which enlarge in size and become
firm, hard and are less mobile. They can at times
be felt through the abdominal wall. Some
amount of ascites and intestinal obstruction can
be present but are not that characteristic.

8. 1. Fever
2. Loss of appetite
3. Fatigue
4. Weight loss
5. Constipation
6. Diarrhea
7. Colicky pain in the abdomen
8. Abdominal Swelling and tenderness
9. Night sweats

10.  History collection
 Physical examination
 Radiological studies – X- Ray, USG
 Colonoscopy
 Ascitic fluid examination-The ascitic fluid in
tuberculosis is straw coloured with protein
>3g/dl, and total cell count of 150-4000/ µl