Andrew Goodwin is a theorist who has researched music videos for many years. He believes that traditional narratives do not always apply to pop videos. In 1992, he released a book called "Dancing in the Distraction Factory" which listed some of the codes and conventions that music videos follow. The book discusses how music videos tend to not follow traditional narratives and instead focus on the song itself. It also notes that videos commonly feature singers looking at the camera and breaking the fourth wall. Goodwin identified three types of relationships between songs and videos: illustration, amplification, and disjuncture.

1. ANDREW GOODWIN
ANDREW GOODWIN IS A THEORIST WHO HAS RESEARCHED INTO MUSIC
VIDEOS FOR MANY YEARS, HE BELIEVES THAT THE TRADITIONAL NARRATIVE
DOES NOT ALWAYS APPLY TO POP VIDEOS. IN 1992 HE RELEASED A BOOK
CALLED ‘DANCING IN THE DISTRACTION FACTORY’ WHICH LIST SOME OF THE
CODES AND CONVENTIONS THAT MUSIC VIDEOS FOLLOW.

2. • Pop videos tend to not have a narrative as they are structured around the song itself which
does not follow a traditional narrative (Torodov’s theory; equilibrium, disruption, realisation,
resolution and new equilibrium.)
• The majority of music videos feature the singer looking into the camera, breaking the fourth
wall and bringing the audience with the audience with the performance.
• Pop videos commonly used the singer as both the narrator and as the character within the
story.

3. These are the three types of relations between song and
videos
• Illustration where the video matches the lyrics of a song and tells the story
• Amplification where the video adds new meaning to the song that do not
contradict the lyrics
• Disjuncture where the song and video have little correlation between each
other

4. ILLUSTRATION

5. AMPLIFICATION

6. DISJUNCTURE