Andrew Goodwin's theory argues that traditional narrative theories like Todorov's cannot fully describe the narrative structure of music videos. Music videos have their own unique format compared to novels and films. Key differences include lyrics driving the video's narrative rather than a standard plot structure, the singer serving as both character and narrator, and repetition of images similar to a song's chorus. A video can relate to its lyrics through illustration, amplification, or disjuncture.

1. Andrew Goodwin’s theory
BY RHIANA LETTS

2. Summary of his theory
 Goodwin is explaining how traditional narrative ideas such as Todorov’s theory, cannot really be applied to pop videos.
 When there is a narrative in a music video, it usually has it’s own format in comparison to Novels and films which are more conventional.
 The difference in narrative structure are that;
 The pop video is built around the lyrics of the song (Not the standard – normal- dilemma – solution)
 The ‘singer’ can be used as both the character and the narrator
 The ‘singer’ can interact with the audience by breaking the 4th wall
 In pop video’s, images are often repeated, similarly to the chorus or other lyrics. The music video can be played on many mediums
including; TV, radio and film.
 The way a music video usually ends is by either reaching a climax or have a constant repetition which then fades. This is the way a music
video usually concludes.
 There are 3 types of relation the music video has to it’s lyrics;
 Illustration- Video tells the story of the lyrics
 Amplification- Video either introduces new meaning to the lyrics or adds a layer of meaning
 Disjuncture- There is little connection between lyrics and music video or the music video contradicts the lyrics

3. Examples
 Examples;
 Illustration - https://youtu.be/vjW8wmF5VWc - Silento-watch me (whip/nae
nae)
 It demonstrates the lyrics in the video. Genre - Pop
 Amplification - https://youtu.be/LlY90lG_Fuw Pharrell Williams-freedom
 The video introduces a new meaning and adds a layer of meaning to his
song ‘freedom’. Genre – RnB.
 Disjuncture - https://youtu.be/u01Qzjxw2SA Chip-Feeling Myself FT. Kano &
Wretch 32
 The video is just mainly showing them but has little relation to the lyrics.
Genre- Grime