The document summarizes the early exploration and settlement of Canada by European powers. It describes Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier exploring Eastern Canada for France in the 1520s and 1530s. Cartier claimed territory for France and explored the St. Lawrence River. France sent expeditions led by Roberval to establish colonies in the 1540s, but they faced difficulties over tough winters. The fur trade began as a profitable venture in the late 1500s. England and the Netherlands also explored and claimed Canadian territories in the 1600s. Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608 and established an alliance with the Huron people, helping France develop the fur trade. Settlement increased under the Company of a Hundred
The Metis people of Manitoba were angered by surveyors dividing up land using square blocks instead of the traditional long-lot system. Louis Riel emerged as a leader of the Metis and helped establish the National Committee to negotiate with the government for Metis rights to land, language, and religion. The Metis seized Fort Gary headquarters in 1869 without violence. Riel then set up a Provisional Government and negotiated the List of Rights, demanding protections for the Metis people. However, Thomas Scott opposed Metis rights and was executed for insubordination, sparking outrage in Canada. This led the Canadian government to pass the Manitoba Act in 1870, creating the province with protections for French language and separate school systems
The French explored North America beginning in 1524 seeking the Northwest Passage to Asia. Jacques Cartier explored the St. Lawrence River and claimed the land for France. Attempts to establish colonies failed due to harsh winters. The fur trade became important as Europeans traded goods for furs from Native peoples. Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608 and formed an alliance with the Huron people, expanding French imperial interests in the region. New France was established as a royal colony in 1663, governed by an intendant, governor, and bishop to represent French interests in the new territory.
The document summarizes the origins and history of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC). It discusses how the company was founded in 1670 through a royal charter granted by King Charles II of England to two French fur traders who sought to establish the company as an alternative to French Canadian fur traders. The charter granted the HBC a monopoly over the fur trade in the Hudson Bay region of northern Canada, known as Rupert's Land. Over time the HBC established several forts and trading posts across its territory and competed for dominance of the North American fur trade with the rival North West Company throughout the 18th century.
After the French surrender of Canada in the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the British gained control over New France. The terms of the treaty gave Britain all of France's North American colonies except Louisiana and two small islands. This ended the wars between Britain and France for dominance in North America. The French residents of Canada, known as les Habitants or Canadiens, were allowed to keep their lands and religion under British rule as they were not seen as a threat without French military support. The British issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which made the former New France the Province of Quebec and established rules for western land expansion that angered the 13 colonies.
The document summarizes the exploration of the interior and Pacific coast of North America by European fur traders and maritime explorers between the 17th-19th centuries. It describes key explorers such as Samuel Hearne who mapped northern Canada for the HBC, Alexander Mackenzie who crossed Canada by land and reached the Pacific, and Simon Fraser who explored central British Columbia region for the NWC. It also outlines maritime explorers like Cook, Vancouver and Perez who mapped the Pacific coast and made contact with indigenous groups in Alaska, British Columbia and beyond.
The French society of the 17th century was strictly hierarchical, with the king and aristocrats at the top and peasants and serfs at the bottom. Peasants lived difficult, brutal lives working small plots of land for little reward and facing epidemics, famine, and forced labor for their lords. City life in large cities like Paris brought some escape from the countryside but most urban residents still lived in poverty and faced high food prices and inflation. The growing middle class, or bourgeoisie, faced laws, regulations, monopolies and taxes that made it difficult to profit from new businesses and investments. By the late 18th century, financial troubles from wars and the lavish court of Louis XIV had left the French government deeply
Canada's history involved exploration by John Cabot and the establishment of the fur trade through a charter from King Charles II. France tried to settle Canada for fur trading but faced battles with Native Americans and the British. The Seven Years' War resulted in Britain gaining control of New France and doubling its national debt. The War of 1812 saw Britain defeat the U.S. and unite British and French Canadians. Key steps on the road to independence included withdrawing British troops in 1871 and Canada signing its first treaty in 1923. The Balfour Resolution of 1926 recognized Dominions like Canada as autonomous communities equal in status to Britain.
The document summarizes the early exploration and settlement of Canada by European powers. It describes Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier exploring Eastern Canada for France in the 1520s and 1530s. Cartier claimed territory for France and explored the St. Lawrence River. France sent expeditions led by Roberval to establish colonies in the 1540s, but they faced difficulties over tough winters. The fur trade began as a profitable venture in the late 1500s. England and the Netherlands also explored and claimed Canadian territories in the 1600s. Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608 and established an alliance with the Huron people, helping France develop the fur trade. Settlement increased under the Company of a Hundred
The Metis people of Manitoba were angered by surveyors dividing up land using square blocks instead of the traditional long-lot system. Louis Riel emerged as a leader of the Metis and helped establish the National Committee to negotiate with the government for Metis rights to land, language, and religion. The Metis seized Fort Gary headquarters in 1869 without violence. Riel then set up a Provisional Government and negotiated the List of Rights, demanding protections for the Metis people. However, Thomas Scott opposed Metis rights and was executed for insubordination, sparking outrage in Canada. This led the Canadian government to pass the Manitoba Act in 1870, creating the province with protections for French language and separate school systems
The French explored North America beginning in 1524 seeking the Northwest Passage to Asia. Jacques Cartier explored the St. Lawrence River and claimed the land for France. Attempts to establish colonies failed due to harsh winters. The fur trade became important as Europeans traded goods for furs from Native peoples. Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608 and formed an alliance with the Huron people, expanding French imperial interests in the region. New France was established as a royal colony in 1663, governed by an intendant, governor, and bishop to represent French interests in the new territory.
The document summarizes the origins and history of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC). It discusses how the company was founded in 1670 through a royal charter granted by King Charles II of England to two French fur traders who sought to establish the company as an alternative to French Canadian fur traders. The charter granted the HBC a monopoly over the fur trade in the Hudson Bay region of northern Canada, known as Rupert's Land. Over time the HBC established several forts and trading posts across its territory and competed for dominance of the North American fur trade with the rival North West Company throughout the 18th century.
After the French surrender of Canada in the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the British gained control over New France. The terms of the treaty gave Britain all of France's North American colonies except Louisiana and two small islands. This ended the wars between Britain and France for dominance in North America. The French residents of Canada, known as les Habitants or Canadiens, were allowed to keep their lands and religion under British rule as they were not seen as a threat without French military support. The British issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which made the former New France the Province of Quebec and established rules for western land expansion that angered the 13 colonies.
The document summarizes the exploration of the interior and Pacific coast of North America by European fur traders and maritime explorers between the 17th-19th centuries. It describes key explorers such as Samuel Hearne who mapped northern Canada for the HBC, Alexander Mackenzie who crossed Canada by land and reached the Pacific, and Simon Fraser who explored central British Columbia region for the NWC. It also outlines maritime explorers like Cook, Vancouver and Perez who mapped the Pacific coast and made contact with indigenous groups in Alaska, British Columbia and beyond.
The French society of the 17th century was strictly hierarchical, with the king and aristocrats at the top and peasants and serfs at the bottom. Peasants lived difficult, brutal lives working small plots of land for little reward and facing epidemics, famine, and forced labor for their lords. City life in large cities like Paris brought some escape from the countryside but most urban residents still lived in poverty and faced high food prices and inflation. The growing middle class, or bourgeoisie, faced laws, regulations, monopolies and taxes that made it difficult to profit from new businesses and investments. By the late 18th century, financial troubles from wars and the lavish court of Louis XIV had left the French government deeply
Canada's history involved exploration by John Cabot and the establishment of the fur trade through a charter from King Charles II. France tried to settle Canada for fur trading but faced battles with Native Americans and the British. The Seven Years' War resulted in Britain gaining control of New France and doubling its national debt. The War of 1812 saw Britain defeat the U.S. and unite British and French Canadians. Key steps on the road to independence included withdrawing British troops in 1871 and Canada signing its first treaty in 1923. The Balfour Resolution of 1926 recognized Dominions like Canada as autonomous communities equal in status to Britain.
The document summarizes events in North America after the French surrender of Canada in 1763, including:
1) The people of New France accepted British rule under military occupation, though many French traders left for other colonies. British and American traders expanded the fur trade further west.
2) Native peoples resisted the threat to their way of life from British and Anglo-American traders. Pontiac tried but failed to unite the tribes against the British.
3) The 1763 Royal Proclamation angered colonists by prohibiting their settlement west of the Appalachians, reserving that land for Native peoples. This was one cause of the American Revolution.
After the American Revolution, many American loyalists who supported British rule fled north to British North America. Around 43,000 went to Quebec and 8,000 to the Maritimes. This influx of loyalists made the existing French-speaking Canadiens population in Quebec uncomfortable. In response, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the colony of Quebec into Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Upper Canada was meant for the English-speaking loyalists and had British laws and Protestant traditions, while Lower Canada maintained French culture, Catholicism, and French civil law for the Canadiens population. Joseph Brant, a Mohawk leader who supported the British, negotiated to have land along the Grand River in Ontario set aside for the Six Nations
The document summarizes key events leading up to the American Revolution, including the Stamp Act of 1765 which imposed taxes on the colonies without colonial representation in British Parliament. This led to protests and riots, including tarring and feathering of tax collectors. Another point discussed is why the Americans invaded Canada during the revolution - hoping the Canadian population would join the cause against Britain, though this did not happen due to cultural and religious differences between English and French Canada.
The document provides an overview of early parliamentary government in Canada from 1791 to 1840. It summarizes key events including the Constitutional Act of 1791 which divided Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada, the economic shift to timber production, social changes from immigration and epidemics, the rebellions of 1837-1838 between French Canadien patriotes and the British party, and the eventual union of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada following Lord Durham's report in 1839.
The document provides an overview of the Métis people and the Red River and North-West Rebellions in Canada. It discusses that the Métis are descendants of French fur traders and Indigenous women who built communities in Manitoba. As Canadian rule increased in the 1870s, the Métis leader Louis Riel led a provisional government during the Red River Rebellion to protect Métis land rights. This resulted in the province of Manitoba. Riel was later involved in the North-West Rebellion of 1885 as the railway and settlers threatened Métis land in Saskatchewan. Chief Big Bear and the Cree also grew unhappy with the Canadian government for violating treaties and the decreasing bison population. Both rebellions were
The document summarizes key events in the formation of Canada as a country, including the purchase of Alaska from Russia, the Hudson's Bay Company selling Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to Canada, the resistance led by Louis Riel and the Metis people in the Red River Settlement, the creation of Manitoba, and British Columbia joining confederation. Key figures mentioned include William Seward, Louis Riel, John A. Macdonald, and George-Etienne Cartier.
The document summarizes the events leading up to and during the Seven Years' War between France and England for control over territories in North America. It discusses the territorial disputes between the two powers in the Americas, various battles and military campaigns that took place, and the outcome of the war which resulted in French defeat and the ceding of New France to British control under the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The new British rulers faced challenges in governing the French Catholic population in Quebec and dealing with indigenous nations in the aftermath of the war.
The document summarizes themes related to the American colonies in the prerevolutionary period:
1) Newport, Rhode Island grew into a rich commercial center through activities like piracy and smuggling, drawing a cosmopolitan mix of residents, until British crackdowns led over half to relocate.
2) British laws structured trade to benefit British merchants, forcing colonists to pay trade deficits in precious metals and restricting paper money, causing shortages.
3) The Gaspee incident of 1772 united the colonies through new Committees of Correspondence, taking the first steps toward nationhood.
1) Jacques Cartier explored the Maritimes and St. Lawrence River in the 1530s and 1540s, claiming land for France and founding settlements that ultimately failed.
2) Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608, establishing the first permanent French colony in New France.
3) New France grew slowly due to its system of seigneurial land grants and the Company of One Hundred Associates' focus on the fur trade over settlement.
4) France lost New France after its defeat in the Seven Years' War, ceding the territory to Britain in the 1763 Treaty of Paris.
The document summarizes the development of the North American fur trade over five phases from the 1500s to the late 1800s. During Phase 1, the early fur trade began as an exchange between Europeans arriving to fish cod and the Mi'kmaq people. Phase 2 saw the expansion of the fur trade inland, with France dominating and establishing settlements in New France. Phase 3 involved the emergence of rival fur trading networks as Britain established the Hudson's Bay Company to compete with French traders. As the fur trade moved further west during Phase 4, the Metis people became established as important partners to the trade. Finally, Phase 5 marked the monopoly of the fur trade in the west by the Hudson's Bay Company after merging with its
Richard Nicolls became the first British governor of New York after the British took control of the area from the Dutch. The document then discusses several key events from the French and Indian War to the American Revolution, including the British defeating the French and Indians for land in North America, the Tea Act leading to losses for the East India Company, the Stamp Act requiring taxes on printed materials, and the Patriot losses at the Battles of Long Island and Manhattan in 1776. It concludes with the American victory over the British at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781 where British General Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington.
The document discusses the New Zealand Wars between Māori tribes and British/colonial forces from 1845-1872 over land disputes and the acquisition of Māori land for European settlers. It led to the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 to establish a British governor, recognize Māori land ownership, and give Māori rights as British subjects. However, conflicts continued throughout the 1860s as pressure increased on Māori to sell their land, resulting in the deaths of 800 Europeans and 1800 Māori. The Treaty helped establish peace but did not resolve disputes due to differing interpretations of its meaning and protection of Māori land.
The document provides an overview of key events leading up to the American Revolution, including the establishment of rights under the Magna Carta and Declaration of Rights, various taxes imposed on the colonies by the British like the Stamp Act and Tea Act, and colonial resistance like the Boston Tea Party. It also summarizes the First Continental Congress where representatives from the colonies met to declare the Coercive Acts unconstitutional and petition the king for redress of grievances.
The document outlines key events in Canada's path to independence and nationhood, including:
1) The War of 1812 united French and English Canadians in defending their land from U.S. invasion and increased a sense of Canadian nationalism.
2) After the war, Canadians grew frustrated with British rule and wanted more autonomy, leading Britain to unite Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada in 1841.
3) The British North America Act of 1867 created the Canadian Confederation by joining together four colonies as provinces under a single constitution, allowing them to trade more freely and grow their economy.
New Zealanders in the 1830s feared foreign intervention, especially from France or the United States. In 1837, a Frenchman named Baron Charles de Thierry arrived in Northland and claimed land, declaring himself ruler of New Zealand. A Catholic mission established by Jean Baptiste Pompallier added to concerns about French influence. In 1838, Captain Jean-François Langlois purchased land on Banks Peninsula from Māori and established a French settlement there, though the 63 French settlers who arrived in 1840 discovered that area had been claimed by the British and instead founded the settlement of Akaroa.
The document summarizes Britain's conquest of North America from France during the Seven Years' War and the subsequent changes in governance over the French colonies of Quebec and Acadia. Key events included Britain seizing control of Quebec in 1760, the Treaty of Paris in 1763 that ended the war and ceded French territories to Britain, and the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that established British rule over Quebec and aimed to assimilate the French colonists. Dissatisfaction with these policies led Britain to pass the Quebec Act of 1774, restoring some French civil law and religious freedoms in order to gain the allegiance of the French Canadians against the American revolutionaries.
The document provides an overview of the British conquest of North America, focusing on the war between Britain and France over control of the territory of Acadia and the deportation of the Acadian people from 1755-1763. It discusses the Mi'kmaq people who originally inhabited Acadia, the French settlement there, and the British gaining control through the Treaty of Utrecht. The document also addresses the Seven Years' War and the British victory over French forces at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759, which marked a turning point in British control of North America.
In 1825, Canada consisted of 6 British colonies in North America: Upper Canada, Lower Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland. These colonies relied on Britain for laws, defense, trade, and sending immigrants. The Hudson's Bay Company controlled Rupert's Land near Hudson Bay and the North-Western Territory. After the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States, many American Loyalists moved to Canada to remain under British rule. Farming and the fur trade were important economic activities, though there was little infrastructure beyond waterways.
Canada is a northern North American country with over 33 million inhabitants that was originally settled by the English and French. After several battles in the 18th century, the colonies were conquered by the English. Canada has participated in conflicts such as the war in Afghanistan, sending over 15,000 troops between 2001 and 2008.
The document discusses the American Revolution and the events leading up to it. During the Nine Years War, England had to focus on protecting itself from France and could send few resources to defend the colonies. Most colonial defenses were focused on protecting English holdings in the West Indies. England then unified with Scotland through the Treaty of Union in 1707 to gain access to Scottish trade. This helped fuel the growth of the British Empire and established British naval supremacy by 1713, setting the stage for conflicts with the American colonies.
This document provides an overview of Louis Riel and the Métis people in Canada. It summarizes that the Métis formed from European men marrying Indigenous women and had a mixed culture. It describes conflicts between the Métis and settlers over land and hunting rights. Louis Riel emerged as a leader advocating for Métis rights and led a provisional government when the Canadian government took over the area without consultation. The document outlines some of the key events and issues between the Métis and Canadian government.
Canada sought to incorporate its western lands in the late 1800s, but faced resistance from the Métis people who lived in the Red River Valley. Louis Riel led the Métis to seize forts and declare a provisional government to negotiate with Canada. The execution of Thomas Scott increased tensions. The Manitoba Act of 1870 created the province and addressed Métis concerns through representation and bilingual schools. Industrialization and immigration from the US and Europe grew in the late 1800s and early 1900s, though Aboriginal and Asian people faced increasing segregation and restrictions. Reform movements aimed to address social issues through education, temperance, and restricting immigration.
The document summarizes events in North America after the French surrender of Canada in 1763, including:
1) The people of New France accepted British rule under military occupation, though many French traders left for other colonies. British and American traders expanded the fur trade further west.
2) Native peoples resisted the threat to their way of life from British and Anglo-American traders. Pontiac tried but failed to unite the tribes against the British.
3) The 1763 Royal Proclamation angered colonists by prohibiting their settlement west of the Appalachians, reserving that land for Native peoples. This was one cause of the American Revolution.
After the American Revolution, many American loyalists who supported British rule fled north to British North America. Around 43,000 went to Quebec and 8,000 to the Maritimes. This influx of loyalists made the existing French-speaking Canadiens population in Quebec uncomfortable. In response, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the colony of Quebec into Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Upper Canada was meant for the English-speaking loyalists and had British laws and Protestant traditions, while Lower Canada maintained French culture, Catholicism, and French civil law for the Canadiens population. Joseph Brant, a Mohawk leader who supported the British, negotiated to have land along the Grand River in Ontario set aside for the Six Nations
The document summarizes key events leading up to the American Revolution, including the Stamp Act of 1765 which imposed taxes on the colonies without colonial representation in British Parliament. This led to protests and riots, including tarring and feathering of tax collectors. Another point discussed is why the Americans invaded Canada during the revolution - hoping the Canadian population would join the cause against Britain, though this did not happen due to cultural and religious differences between English and French Canada.
The document provides an overview of early parliamentary government in Canada from 1791 to 1840. It summarizes key events including the Constitutional Act of 1791 which divided Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada, the economic shift to timber production, social changes from immigration and epidemics, the rebellions of 1837-1838 between French Canadien patriotes and the British party, and the eventual union of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada following Lord Durham's report in 1839.
The document provides an overview of the Métis people and the Red River and North-West Rebellions in Canada. It discusses that the Métis are descendants of French fur traders and Indigenous women who built communities in Manitoba. As Canadian rule increased in the 1870s, the Métis leader Louis Riel led a provisional government during the Red River Rebellion to protect Métis land rights. This resulted in the province of Manitoba. Riel was later involved in the North-West Rebellion of 1885 as the railway and settlers threatened Métis land in Saskatchewan. Chief Big Bear and the Cree also grew unhappy with the Canadian government for violating treaties and the decreasing bison population. Both rebellions were
The document summarizes key events in the formation of Canada as a country, including the purchase of Alaska from Russia, the Hudson's Bay Company selling Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory to Canada, the resistance led by Louis Riel and the Metis people in the Red River Settlement, the creation of Manitoba, and British Columbia joining confederation. Key figures mentioned include William Seward, Louis Riel, John A. Macdonald, and George-Etienne Cartier.
The document summarizes the events leading up to and during the Seven Years' War between France and England for control over territories in North America. It discusses the territorial disputes between the two powers in the Americas, various battles and military campaigns that took place, and the outcome of the war which resulted in French defeat and the ceding of New France to British control under the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The new British rulers faced challenges in governing the French Catholic population in Quebec and dealing with indigenous nations in the aftermath of the war.
The document summarizes themes related to the American colonies in the prerevolutionary period:
1) Newport, Rhode Island grew into a rich commercial center through activities like piracy and smuggling, drawing a cosmopolitan mix of residents, until British crackdowns led over half to relocate.
2) British laws structured trade to benefit British merchants, forcing colonists to pay trade deficits in precious metals and restricting paper money, causing shortages.
3) The Gaspee incident of 1772 united the colonies through new Committees of Correspondence, taking the first steps toward nationhood.
1) Jacques Cartier explored the Maritimes and St. Lawrence River in the 1530s and 1540s, claiming land for France and founding settlements that ultimately failed.
2) Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City in 1608, establishing the first permanent French colony in New France.
3) New France grew slowly due to its system of seigneurial land grants and the Company of One Hundred Associates' focus on the fur trade over settlement.
4) France lost New France after its defeat in the Seven Years' War, ceding the territory to Britain in the 1763 Treaty of Paris.
The document summarizes the development of the North American fur trade over five phases from the 1500s to the late 1800s. During Phase 1, the early fur trade began as an exchange between Europeans arriving to fish cod and the Mi'kmaq people. Phase 2 saw the expansion of the fur trade inland, with France dominating and establishing settlements in New France. Phase 3 involved the emergence of rival fur trading networks as Britain established the Hudson's Bay Company to compete with French traders. As the fur trade moved further west during Phase 4, the Metis people became established as important partners to the trade. Finally, Phase 5 marked the monopoly of the fur trade in the west by the Hudson's Bay Company after merging with its
Richard Nicolls became the first British governor of New York after the British took control of the area from the Dutch. The document then discusses several key events from the French and Indian War to the American Revolution, including the British defeating the French and Indians for land in North America, the Tea Act leading to losses for the East India Company, the Stamp Act requiring taxes on printed materials, and the Patriot losses at the Battles of Long Island and Manhattan in 1776. It concludes with the American victory over the British at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781 where British General Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington.
The document discusses the New Zealand Wars between Māori tribes and British/colonial forces from 1845-1872 over land disputes and the acquisition of Māori land for European settlers. It led to the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 to establish a British governor, recognize Māori land ownership, and give Māori rights as British subjects. However, conflicts continued throughout the 1860s as pressure increased on Māori to sell their land, resulting in the deaths of 800 Europeans and 1800 Māori. The Treaty helped establish peace but did not resolve disputes due to differing interpretations of its meaning and protection of Māori land.
The document provides an overview of key events leading up to the American Revolution, including the establishment of rights under the Magna Carta and Declaration of Rights, various taxes imposed on the colonies by the British like the Stamp Act and Tea Act, and colonial resistance like the Boston Tea Party. It also summarizes the First Continental Congress where representatives from the colonies met to declare the Coercive Acts unconstitutional and petition the king for redress of grievances.
The document outlines key events in Canada's path to independence and nationhood, including:
1) The War of 1812 united French and English Canadians in defending their land from U.S. invasion and increased a sense of Canadian nationalism.
2) After the war, Canadians grew frustrated with British rule and wanted more autonomy, leading Britain to unite Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada in 1841.
3) The British North America Act of 1867 created the Canadian Confederation by joining together four colonies as provinces under a single constitution, allowing them to trade more freely and grow their economy.
New Zealanders in the 1830s feared foreign intervention, especially from France or the United States. In 1837, a Frenchman named Baron Charles de Thierry arrived in Northland and claimed land, declaring himself ruler of New Zealand. A Catholic mission established by Jean Baptiste Pompallier added to concerns about French influence. In 1838, Captain Jean-François Langlois purchased land on Banks Peninsula from Māori and established a French settlement there, though the 63 French settlers who arrived in 1840 discovered that area had been claimed by the British and instead founded the settlement of Akaroa.
The document summarizes Britain's conquest of North America from France during the Seven Years' War and the subsequent changes in governance over the French colonies of Quebec and Acadia. Key events included Britain seizing control of Quebec in 1760, the Treaty of Paris in 1763 that ended the war and ceded French territories to Britain, and the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that established British rule over Quebec and aimed to assimilate the French colonists. Dissatisfaction with these policies led Britain to pass the Quebec Act of 1774, restoring some French civil law and religious freedoms in order to gain the allegiance of the French Canadians against the American revolutionaries.
The document provides an overview of the British conquest of North America, focusing on the war between Britain and France over control of the territory of Acadia and the deportation of the Acadian people from 1755-1763. It discusses the Mi'kmaq people who originally inhabited Acadia, the French settlement there, and the British gaining control through the Treaty of Utrecht. The document also addresses the Seven Years' War and the British victory over French forces at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759, which marked a turning point in British control of North America.
In 1825, Canada consisted of 6 British colonies in North America: Upper Canada, Lower Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland. These colonies relied on Britain for laws, defense, trade, and sending immigrants. The Hudson's Bay Company controlled Rupert's Land near Hudson Bay and the North-Western Territory. After the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States, many American Loyalists moved to Canada to remain under British rule. Farming and the fur trade were important economic activities, though there was little infrastructure beyond waterways.
Canada is a northern North American country with over 33 million inhabitants that was originally settled by the English and French. After several battles in the 18th century, the colonies were conquered by the English. Canada has participated in conflicts such as the war in Afghanistan, sending over 15,000 troops between 2001 and 2008.
The document discusses the American Revolution and the events leading up to it. During the Nine Years War, England had to focus on protecting itself from France and could send few resources to defend the colonies. Most colonial defenses were focused on protecting English holdings in the West Indies. England then unified with Scotland through the Treaty of Union in 1707 to gain access to Scottish trade. This helped fuel the growth of the British Empire and established British naval supremacy by 1713, setting the stage for conflicts with the American colonies.
This document provides an overview of Louis Riel and the Métis people in Canada. It summarizes that the Métis formed from European men marrying Indigenous women and had a mixed culture. It describes conflicts between the Métis and settlers over land and hunting rights. Louis Riel emerged as a leader advocating for Métis rights and led a provisional government when the Canadian government took over the area without consultation. The document outlines some of the key events and issues between the Métis and Canadian government.
Canada sought to incorporate its western lands in the late 1800s, but faced resistance from the Métis people who lived in the Red River Valley. Louis Riel led the Métis to seize forts and declare a provisional government to negotiate with Canada. The execution of Thomas Scott increased tensions. The Manitoba Act of 1870 created the province and addressed Métis concerns through representation and bilingual schools. Industrialization and immigration from the US and Europe grew in the late 1800s and early 1900s, though Aboriginal and Asian people faced increasing segregation and restrictions. Reform movements aimed to address social issues through education, temperance, and restricting immigration.
This lesson will follow the lesson on Aboriginal people in Canada. As usual we will go through it slide by slide together. Your homework is on the last slide.
The document summarizes how Canada grew during the 1870s-1880s through political expansion, treaties with First Nations, and the creation of new provinces. It also discusses the Red River Settlement and rebellion led by Louis Riel and the Metis people, who were upset by the arrival of surveyors on their land. Finally, it outlines John A. Macdonald's National Policy to encourage immigration, manufacturing, and build a transcontinental railway to unite the nation, though this faced challenges and disadvantages for Eastern and Western Canada.
This document provides an overview of politics in Canada and Latin America in the first half of the 20th century. For Canada, it discusses the growth of French-Canadian nationalism, the impact of World Wars I and II on conscription and sovereignty, and Canada transitioning to full independence through the Statute of Westminster in 1931. For Latin America, it focuses on the Mexican Revolution from 1910-1920 which sought to reduce foreign control but ultimately saw landowners maintain power, as well as the industrial growth and increasing foreign investment across Latin America in the post-WWII era. Specific countries discussed include Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, and Cuba.
The document summarizes the Red River Resistance led by Louis Riel and the Métis people against the Canadian government in Manitoba in the 1870s. The Métis resisted the sale of Rupert's Land by the Hudson's Bay Company to Canada because it threatened their land, culture, and autonomy. Louis Riel organized the Métis to take over Fort Garry and establish a provisional government to negotiate with Canada. This led to tensions and the execution of Thomas Scott, fueling outrage in English Canada. Ultimately, the Manitoba Act was passed creating the province but promises to the Métis were only partially fulfilled.
Canada was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples like the Inuit. French influence began in 1627 with the establishment of New France. British influence grew through the Hudson's Bay Company in 1670. Canada was divided into Upper and Lower Canada in 1791, and the colonies united as the Dominion of Canada in 1867. Immigration, especially from Europe, helped grow Canada's population and economy over subsequent decades. Canada has a long history welcoming immigrants and maintains its cultural diversity.
The document discusses the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War of 1898. It describes the growing imperialist sentiment in the United States due to increasing wealth, industry and population. Yellow journalism helped stir public support for overseas expansion. The war began over the Cuban revolt against Spain and the sinking of the USS Maine. The U.S. victory in the war resulted in American control of Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines and influence in Cuba through the Platt Amendment. This established the U.S. as a new imperial power but also created debates around imperialism and America's new role in the world.
The Red River Rebellion began in 1869 when the Métis people of the Red River Valley (in present-day Manitoba) resisted the Canadian government's attempt to establish control over the territory. Led by Louis Riel, the Métis seized forts and established a provisional government to negotiate terms for Manitoba's entry into Confederation. Tensions escalated when Riel's government executed Thomas Scott, an English prisoner. The Canadian government then sent military forces to end the rebellion and bring the territory under its control, forcing Riel to flee to the United States.
The document provides background information on the rise of the Métis people in western Canada and the Red River Resistance. Some key points:
1) In 1869, Canada purchased Rupert's Land from the Hudson's Bay Company without consulting the local Métis population, angering them.
2) Led by Louis Riel, the Métis organized the Red River Resistance against Canadian control in 1869-1870. They established a provisional government to negotiate with Ottawa.
3) The resistance ended with the enactment of the Manitoba Act of 1870, which made Manitoba a province and addressed some Métis concerns but left others unresolved, setting the stage for future tensions.
The document summarizes key events in Canadian history from 1869 to 1885, including the Red River Resistance, creation of Manitoba, signing of treaties with First Nations, construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, North-West Rebellion, and implementation of policies like the Indian Act that negatively impacted Indigenous peoples. It discusses the sale of Rupert's Land to Canada, resistance by the Metis population due to lack of consultation, and tensions over land and resource rights between Indigenous groups and the Canadian government.
The Red River Settlement was established by Métis leader Louis Riel, who argued that the land was reserved for Métis people. Riel convinced the government to set aside land called Manitoba separate from Rupert's Land. However, the small area set aside of only 560,000 hectares did not satisfy the Métis. The Manitoba Act aimed to give Métis citizens rights, but promises of land grants were broken as scrip was issued instead of land, leaving the Métis feeling cheated. Broken promises led to the 1885 Northwest Rebellion led by Gabriel Dumont using hit-and-run tactics. The rebellion ended with Riel's capture and hanging for treason.
The document summarizes the political and economic events in Canada leading up to its establishment as a self-governing confederation in 1867. It describes the failed 1837 rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada, which led Britain to send Lord Durham to investigate. His subsequent Durham Report recommended responsible government and overhauling governance. This led to the 1840 Act of Union and political deadlock between French and English groups. Growing support for confederation emerged to address issues of unity, trade barriers between colonies, and security threats from the United States.
The document summarizes the expansion of Canada westward in the late 19th century and the conflicts that arose. As Canada sought to develop the Hudson Bay territories and open the West to settlement, tensions grew with the Metis people of the Red River Colony, who felt their land and culture were threatened. Louis Riel emerged as a leader of the Metis resistance, leading the Red River Rebellion of 1869-70 and the Northwest Rebellion of 1885 to defend Metis rights. The document traces the various assessments of the West's potential for settlement, the survey expeditions, the influx of settlers from eastern Canada and Europe, and the establishment of Manitoba and the Northwest Mounted Police to bring law and order to the expanding frontier.
This document provides a summary of key facts about Canada's history, geography, demographics, and economy. It discusses Canada's origins as French and British colonies, the establishment of the Canadian Confederation in 1867, and its evolution into an independent nation. Key points include Canada becoming a dominion in 1867, expanding westward through the 20th century as new provinces joined, and gaining full independence from Britain in 1982. The summary also notes Canada's diverse population, with the largest ethnic groups being Canadian, English, and French.
The document discusses the history of the Americas in the 19th century. It covers several topics: Westward expansion and conflicts with indigenous peoples in North America; the American Civil War sparked by slavery and states' secession; Canada achieving autonomy without war; the Little Ice Age causing severe cold and famine in the late Middle Ages; the Louisiana Purchase doubling the size of the US; and early depictions of Native Americans created by Prince Maximilian zu Wied and Karl Bodmer.
The document discusses the rise of American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was driven by a sense of Anglo-Saxon racial superiority, the need for new markets as industrialization increased productivity and exports, and strategic military and commercial interests. Key events included the acquisition of Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines through war, negotiation, or insurrection. The building of the Panama Canal further cemented America's role as a global power projecting influence across the Pacific.
The document summarizes the key events and figures leading up to Canadian Confederation in 1867. It describes the three main conferences that took place - the Charlottetown Conference of 1864 which discussed a maritime union, the Quebec Conference later that year which focused on creating a new nation, and the London Conference of 1866-1867 where the British North America Act was signed, uniting the colonies into the Dominion of Canada. It also outlines some of the economic, social, and political causes for Confederation, including defense from outside threats, loss of trade with Britain, and tensions between French and English communities. Sir John A. Macdonald became Canada's first Prime Minister after Confederation was achieved on July 1, 1867.
The document outlines the events surrounding the Red River Resistance led by Louis Riel and the Metis people against the Canadian government's plans to expand westward. It details how the Metis formed a provisional government under Riel to negotiate terms for Manitoba's entry into Confederation. Though negotiations led to the Manitoba Act and provincehood, violence and discrimination against the Metis continued in the following years, prompting many to disperse further west where tensions would again rise and spark the Northwest Resistance.
The document provides a history of European colonization in Canada from the 15th century through the establishment of an independent nation in 1867. It discusses the initial settlements by Spanish, British, and French colonizers and the conflicts between the British and French for control over Canada. Key events included the French and Indian War resulting in British control, unrest leading to the division of Canada into Upper and Lower Canada, and the British North America Act of 1867 which united the colonies and established Canada's independence while still remaining under British rule.
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
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A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
2. French and English made minority rights Native rights were established without native input Unfair rights, natives thought that gave more than they received Confederation Backdrop
3. Inventions : steamship lines, railways, telegraph, telephone Education: universal, compulsory, in Ontario Work : primary industries; farming , forestry, fishing, mining Leisure : ice skating, tobogganing, sleigh rides, picnic, games; croquet Life in Canada
4. Native way of living Red River Metis lived here Rupert’s Land
7. Possibility of American annexCanada’s Interest in Rupert’s Land
8. Canada bought Rupert’s Land for 1.5 million 1868 Britain approved of the terms of sale Official transfer on December 1, 1869 To be re-named North-West Territories Did you know HBC was discussing the sale of Rupert's Land to USA for big bucks but the Britain refused and forced the sale to Canada? They sold it because they were losing revenue. The Purchasing of Rupert's land
9. Canadian surveyed land before transfer date (December 1, 1869) ; this angered Metis Metis rejected them and confiscated their materials The surveyors gave up and left McDougall was appoint responsibility ;Lieutenant- Governor of the West; responsible of surveyors Red River Resistance William McDougall
10. Leading the Metis of the Red River: Louis Riel Well educated; studied for priesthood, persuasive speaker ,able to speak both French and English Set up Le Comité National de Métis; to determine future of the Métis Louis Riel; Rebellions of the New World
11. November 2, 1869 McDougall’s way blocked by 14 armed Métis; in a attempt to enter their settlement Métis, took over Upper Fort Gary without firing a shot, for at least six months; able to negotiate in a good position Taking Action
12. Riel, met with 12 English and French rep. Temporary government set Canadian government wanted control to move to European English speakers In force, Riel took over a store and put local shoppers and angered bystanders in to the cells of Fort Garry Canadian Government pressured to give Metis a Bill of Rights Justice at Price
13. McDougall gave up, late 1968 With an English judge, an English salon keeper, and a French, Roman Catholic Priest set up an outdoor meeting in Fort Garry to decide to rights with a large group of Metis The Metis Bill of Rights
14. English and French settlers stormed to the West , in need of land Free land with a 10 dollar admission fee Chances of enterprise and large wheat and barley farms Persuasive posters attracted settlers Storming to the West
17. Original to be left a territory , Manitoba’s surrounding area of the Red River formed into a province, 1870 by the persuasion of Father Noel Ritchot Did you know it was known as the postage stamp province? Did you know Canada’s family day in Manitoba is known as Louis Riel Day? Manitoba Act
18. Riel’s, Metis firing squad shot English labor, Thomas Scott for his lack of respect and for trying to escape the cells of Fort Garry Punishments to whom had any connection to the rebellions and murders Riel was searched for but was not found, for he ran to the USA Goose Chase after Riel
19. NWT could not be settled upon, no surveys or road had been created lawless of NWT NWT had no government First Nations were occupying wanted land North-West Resistance took place Issues in the NWT
20. Gold mining, hunting, lumber , fishing and farming industry ran the colony Economical fall after gold rush 1860s, heavily under debt, more import than amounts of exports Considering joining either Canada or the Untied States Colony of British Columbia
21. Canada negotiated the following terms of Confederation with British Columbia - railway - pay colony’s debt - yearly grant of 80cents per person - control over crown lands Joining Confederation