The document discusses the components of a management information system (MIS), focusing on hardware. It defines hardware as the physical components of a computer system, including processing equipment and peripheral devices. It notes that hardware supports organizational goals and objectives. Advantages of investing in computer hardware for organizations include improving productivity, increasing revenue, reducing costs, and enabling collaboration. The document outlines different types of hardware components such as the central processing unit (CPU), primary and secondary storage, and different classifications of computers including mainframes, servers, and minicomputers. It also discusses managing hardware and software assets.

1. Mr . Sathish Kumar . M
Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering
I’ve learned that people will forget what you said,
people will forget what you did, but people will never
forget how you made them feel. –Maya Angelou

2. System Hardware
In
Management Information
System
MIS
Management Information System

3. Structure of MIS may be understood by looking at the physical
components of the information system in an organization.
• Hardware
• Software
• Database
• Input & Output
Hardware refers the
physical data
processing
equipment and
peripheral devices.
Software is broad
term given to the
instruction or
program that direct
the operation of the
hardware.
the data base consist
of all data utilized
by application
software.
various physical
input and output
from the
information system,
existing in the form
like printout, report
etc.

4. Figure 6-1
Hardware Components of a Computer system

5. What is hardware….. ?
 Hardware refers to the physical components
of a computer and devices that perform the
input, processing, storage, and output
activities of the computer.
 Hardware can support objective of the
information system, and goal of organization.

6. Advantages of hardware in Organization
Organization invest in computer hardware to
improve worker productivity, increase revenue,
reduce cost, and provide better customer
service, Speed up time-to-market, and enable
collaboration among employees.

7. Bit
• Binary digit
• Represents smallest unit of data in the form of either 0 or 1
Byte
• String of bits, usually eight
• Stores one number or character
The Computer System

8. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Manipulates symbols, numbers, and letters
• Controls other parts of the computer system
The CPU and Primary Storage
Primary Storage
• Temporarily stores program instructions
• Data being used by the instructions

9. Figure 6-3

10. Processing and Memory Devices
Main memory
provides
temporary
working
storages area
for programs
and data. It is
measured in
byte.

11. Processing and Memory Devices
Type of memory:
• RAM (Random Access Memory)
-> store data and instruction temporarily
• ROM (Read Only Memory)
-> instruction and data are stored
permanently
• Cache Memory
-> a type of high-speed memory that CPU
can access more rapidly than main memory.

12. Secondary Storage

13. Secondary Storage
• Store a large amount of data and instruction
safely and effectively.
Access Methods
• Data and information access can be
sequential or direct.
• Sequential Access data must be accessed
in the order in which it is stored.
• Direct Access data can be accessed
directly. Without the need to pass by other
data in sequences.

14. Classifying Computers

15. Mainframes
Largest computer, massive memory, rapid processing power
Midrange computers
Less powerful, less expensive, and smaller than a mainframe
Server
Provides software and other resources to computers over a
network

16. Minicomputers
Middle-range computer, used in universities, factories, or
research laboratories
Server Farm
Large group of servers maintained by a commercial vendor,
available for electronic commerce and other activities

17. Managing Hardware & Software Assets
• Capacity planning: Process of predicting the computing power
• Scalability: Ability of a computer, product, or system to expand
and to serve without breaking down
• Designates the total cost of owning technology resources
• Includes initial purchase costs, cost of hardware and software
upgrades, maintenance, technical support, and training