The document discusses systematic reviews in research using animals from a policy perspective. It provides data on the number of animal experiments conducted annually in the Netherlands from 1978 to 2010. It also presents examples of alternative methods that have replaced animal models for vaccine potency testing at RIVM/NVI, reducing animal use. Finally, it outlines elements of the Netherlands' national action plan to promote alternative methods and the 3Rs (replace, reduce, refine) in animal research through initiatives like knowledge sharing, collaboration, education, and funding incentives.

1. Systematic reviews
in research using
animals; a policy
perspective.
Henk Reinen
Ingrid Hartgers

2. Animal tests in the Netherlands
1.800.000
Bron: Zo doende (NVWA)
1.600.000
1.400.000
1.200.000
Aantal dierproeven
1.000.000
800.000
600.000
400.000
200.000
0
1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Jaar
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3. Overview output Three R research
vaccine quality control RIVM/NVI
Test Animal model Three R method Status
Potency testing lethal challenge humane endpoints accepted Eur.Ph./WHO/FDA
(general)
100
Animal use in Bilthoven
Potency testing 90 lethal challenge serology accepted Eur.Ph./WHO
tetanus vaccine 80 mouse
70
Potency testing 60
lethal challenge serology accepted EurPh./WHO
diphteria vaccine guinea-pig
50
Potency testing 40 lethal challenge serology international validation
whole cell pertussis 30 study
20
Potency testing 10 multi-dose test one dose test accepted Eur.Ph./WHO
0
Safety diphtheria 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 Vero cell test 2003 2005 2007 accepted Ph.Eur./WHO
dermal study in 1999 2001
vaccine guinea-pigs
3V-Platfom RIVM, 08-09-2011

4. Trend?
1.800.000
1.600.000
1.400.000
1.200.000
Aantal dierproeven
1.000.000
800.000
600.000
Refine
400.000
Reduce
200.000
Replace
€
0
1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Jaar
Action
4
Plan

5. Action Plan
Sharing
Science Education
knowlegde
Collaboration EU, global Society
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6. Pagina met twee tekstblokken
Directive Action Plan Alternatives
Protection of animals Transparancy Registrations Initiatives
Level playing field Monitoring “Stimulate” Knowledge
Project evaluation Registrations Facilitate Networks
=> Publications Regulate EU
authorisation Research Funds (ZonMW Global
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7. Synthesis of evidence
Better science with less animals
Motion; standard in medical science,
should be common practice in science
using animals
Quality of publications
ZonMW , research
Thank you!
Raise support; awareness;
change of culture
Develop instruments, methodology,
guidelines, education
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