This document provides guidelines for writing a synopsis, which is a detailed summary of a thesis that highlights the original contributions and outlines the thesis. A synopsis should be 1500-2000 words excluding appendices. It includes sections for the title, introduction, literature review, objectives, operational definitions, hypotheses, research design and methodology, limitations, and references. The introduction provides background and importance of the study. The literature review identifies gaps in existing research. The objectives and hypotheses clearly state what will be done. The methodology describes the research plan and limitations point out strengths and weaknesses. Official requirements include names, designations, signatures and seals of the researcher, guide, department head and institution.

1. SYNOPSIS FORMAT
By :
MD OWAIS
DEPTT. OF EDUCATION
MMHA&PU ,PATNA

2. What is synopsis?
• Synopsis is to be considered as a detailed summary of the
work with important results highlighting the original
contributions in the thesis to be submitted.
• It should give an outline of the thesis.
• The review of earlier work is to be minimized with just enough
to highlight the contributions in the research work to be
reported in the thesis.
• Deciding the path of investigation
• Looking towards required resources
• The full synopsis should be maximum 1500 to 2000 words
,excluding appendics.

3. Steps of synopsis
• Title of the research/project
• Introduction
• Review of the literature review
• Objectives
• Operational Definition
• Hypothesis
• Research design and Methodology
• Limitation of the study
• References/Bibliography

4. Title of the Research /Project
• Can easily create an interest
• Topic should be interesting and show the
curiosity
• Topic should not be Vast
• Topic showing the proper way of work

5. Introduction
• Should contain brief background of the
selected topic.
• It must identify the importance of study,its
relrvance and applicability of results.
• It must clearly state the purpose of the study.

6. Review of the literature review
• Find the gap between the existing tradition
and concerned area of research.
• To focus on theoretical and practical aspects.
• It is essential to plan further research
efficiently and in an appropriate manner.
• The information given in the review should be
supported by references.

7. Objective
• Objectives are statements of mentions.They
inform he reader clearly what the researcher
plans to do in his/her work.
• Objective should start with an action verb and
be sufficiently, specific, measurable,
achievable ,relevant and time bound.
• The maximum aim or objectives should be up
to three.

8. Operational Definition
• A research must define how a vague term will
be measured.
• It is definition of a term specifically telling how
it will be measured .

9. Hypothesis
• A hypothesis is a statement showing expected
relation b/w 2 variables.
• Hypothesis is an area where scintific reseach
show the tentative results.

10. Research design and methodology
• It means a plan of work describing the various
aspects of the study in a logical sequence along
with the methodologies to be employed.
• Sampling technique
• Sample size
• Data collection procedure
• Data analysis procedure
• Data collection instrument
• Mention the the name of appropriate research
design.

11. Limitation of the study
• Limitation point out strengths and weakness
of the research.
• The limitation of the study are those
characteristics of design or methodology that
impacted or influenced the interpretation of
the findings from the research.

12. References and Bibliography
• Synopsis may contain at the end a list of
references and a bibliography if required.
• These should be written on standard pattern.

13. Official requirements
• A synopsis is incomplete if it does not contain
the following information:
• Name of the researcher and designation
• Name and designation of the guide
• Name and designation of head of
departmentinstitution
• Name of the institution
• Signatures of all with official seal