This document provides an outline and overview of solid waste management. It discusses the classification and composition of solid wastes in Hong Kong, as well as various disposal and treatment methods like sanitary landfills, incineration, composting, and recycling. It covers the relevant legislation and Hong Kong's solid waste management strategy. Transfer stations and their functions are also explained. The document examines the environmental impacts of construction and solid waste, and introduces environmental management systems and ISO 14000 standards.
The document discusses solid waste management and provides details about various topics related to it. It defines solid waste and its sources and classification. It describes the composition, characteristics, and management of solid waste. Some key methods of solid waste disposal discussed are composting, incineration, and landfills. Efficient collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of solid waste are essential parts of solid waste management.
Environmental Impact Assessment case study brick field_NishatNishatHasan4
This document summarizes a case study on the environmental impacts of brickfields in Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, Bangladesh. The study found that brickfield construction and operations negatively impact water quality, air quality, land use, wildlife, fisheries, and agriculture. Operations release pollutants like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Exposure is linked to respiratory illness in humans. Mitigation strategies proposed include introducing more efficient and less polluting brick kiln technologies, improving fuel efficiency, and encouraging alternative building materials. Government involvement is needed to address the environmental issues caused by brick production while supporting the important industry.
This document discusses objectives and key concepts regarding waste management and landfill design. The objectives are to identify waste sources and characteristics, understand waste treatment and disposal processes, risk assessment standards, and share knowledge of chemical, physical and biological waste treatment technologies. It also discusses describing and applying current remediation processes, understanding technology selection criteria, and educating stakeholders on best practices. Key concepts covered include types and classification of wastes, problems with improper disposal, and an overview of waste treatment and disposal methods like sanitary landfilling, including landfill liner systems, operations, capping, leachate and gas management, and monitoring.
This document discusses solid waste management. It covers topics like solid waste sources and classification, composition and characteristics. Methods of solid waste disposal include landfilling, composting, incineration and energy recovery. The key aspects of solid waste management are waste minimization, collection, segregation, transportation, treatment and final disposal or energy recovery. Proper management requires efficient collection and transportation systems as well as treatment of waste before disposal to protect the environment.
Solid and hazardous wastes are generated from industrial and municipal sources. Common methods of disposing solid waste include open dumping and sanitary landfills. Sanitary landfills are regulated facilities that spread waste out daily, cover it with soil or plastic, and include liners and monitoring systems. However, they still produce greenhouse gases and liquid leaks. Reducing waste through reducing consumption, reuse, and recycling programs decreases environmental impacts. Recycling has benefits like lowering emissions and pollution but requires infrastructure.
Land spreading of solid waste can be a viable waste management option if done properly. Organic wastes that provide ecological benefits can be spread on lands as a fertilizer. However, landspreading requires studying the waste composition and soil's ability to receive the waste. It is important to ensure landspreading is not done to avoid waste laws. Monitoring of groundwater is also needed at land disposal sites to detect contamination and take corrective actions such as containment measures. Different types of landfills exist based on the waste accepted, with sanitary landfills used for municipal solid waste. Waste undergoes various decomposition phases as it breaks down anaerobically in a landfill over time.
This document discusses waste management and the application of eco-ethics. It defines wastes and outlines their various types and sources. Large amounts of waste are generated worldwide and in countries like the Philippines. Improper waste management can negatively impact human health, the environment and climate. The document recommends various strategies to reduce, reuse, donate and properly dispose of wastes. It also discusses the importance of employee education and environmental management systems in developing a sustainable waste management approach based on eco-ethical principles.
Waste management involves the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste, as well as monitoring and regulation. It also includes the legal framework around guidance for recycling. Modern concepts of waste management focus on reducing, reusing, and recycling waste over disposal. Improper waste management can lead to environmental contamination of air, soil, surface water and groundwater. It can also negatively impact public health and the economy. However, proper waste management through recycling saves resources, prevents pollution, and creates jobs and economic opportunities.
The document discusses solid waste management and provides details about various topics related to it. It defines solid waste and its sources and classification. It describes the composition, characteristics, and management of solid waste. Some key methods of solid waste disposal discussed are composting, incineration, and landfills. Efficient collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of solid waste are essential parts of solid waste management.
Environmental Impact Assessment case study brick field_NishatNishatHasan4
This document summarizes a case study on the environmental impacts of brickfields in Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, Bangladesh. The study found that brickfield construction and operations negatively impact water quality, air quality, land use, wildlife, fisheries, and agriculture. Operations release pollutants like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Exposure is linked to respiratory illness in humans. Mitigation strategies proposed include introducing more efficient and less polluting brick kiln technologies, improving fuel efficiency, and encouraging alternative building materials. Government involvement is needed to address the environmental issues caused by brick production while supporting the important industry.
This document discusses objectives and key concepts regarding waste management and landfill design. The objectives are to identify waste sources and characteristics, understand waste treatment and disposal processes, risk assessment standards, and share knowledge of chemical, physical and biological waste treatment technologies. It also discusses describing and applying current remediation processes, understanding technology selection criteria, and educating stakeholders on best practices. Key concepts covered include types and classification of wastes, problems with improper disposal, and an overview of waste treatment and disposal methods like sanitary landfilling, including landfill liner systems, operations, capping, leachate and gas management, and monitoring.
This document discusses solid waste management. It covers topics like solid waste sources and classification, composition and characteristics. Methods of solid waste disposal include landfilling, composting, incineration and energy recovery. The key aspects of solid waste management are waste minimization, collection, segregation, transportation, treatment and final disposal or energy recovery. Proper management requires efficient collection and transportation systems as well as treatment of waste before disposal to protect the environment.
Solid and hazardous wastes are generated from industrial and municipal sources. Common methods of disposing solid waste include open dumping and sanitary landfills. Sanitary landfills are regulated facilities that spread waste out daily, cover it with soil or plastic, and include liners and monitoring systems. However, they still produce greenhouse gases and liquid leaks. Reducing waste through reducing consumption, reuse, and recycling programs decreases environmental impacts. Recycling has benefits like lowering emissions and pollution but requires infrastructure.
Land spreading of solid waste can be a viable waste management option if done properly. Organic wastes that provide ecological benefits can be spread on lands as a fertilizer. However, landspreading requires studying the waste composition and soil's ability to receive the waste. It is important to ensure landspreading is not done to avoid waste laws. Monitoring of groundwater is also needed at land disposal sites to detect contamination and take corrective actions such as containment measures. Different types of landfills exist based on the waste accepted, with sanitary landfills used for municipal solid waste. Waste undergoes various decomposition phases as it breaks down anaerobically in a landfill over time.
This document discusses waste management and the application of eco-ethics. It defines wastes and outlines their various types and sources. Large amounts of waste are generated worldwide and in countries like the Philippines. Improper waste management can negatively impact human health, the environment and climate. The document recommends various strategies to reduce, reuse, donate and properly dispose of wastes. It also discusses the importance of employee education and environmental management systems in developing a sustainable waste management approach based on eco-ethical principles.
Waste management involves the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste, as well as monitoring and regulation. It also includes the legal framework around guidance for recycling. Modern concepts of waste management focus on reducing, reusing, and recycling waste over disposal. Improper waste management can lead to environmental contamination of air, soil, surface water and groundwater. It can also negatively impact public health and the economy. However, proper waste management through recycling saves resources, prevents pollution, and creates jobs and economic opportunities.
The document discusses waste management and provides definitions and classifications of different types of wastes. It notes that wastes come from various sources like households, commerce, industry, and agriculture. The effects of improper waste management are outlined, including impacts on health, the environment, and climate change. The summary recommends reducing waste generation, reusing materials, recycling, employee education, and adopting environmental management systems to promote more sustainable waste practices.
The document discusses waste management and the effects of waste. It defines different types of waste, sources of waste, and waste generation rates globally and locally. The effects of improper waste management on health, environment and climate are outlined. Solutions proposed include reducing, reusing, recycling, proper disposal, education, and establishing environmental management systems. The key aspects of developing and implementing an effective environmental management system are explained.
The document discusses waste management and the effects of waste. It defines different types of waste, sources of waste, and waste generation rates globally and locally. The effects of improper waste management on health, environment and climate are outlined. Solutions proposed include reducing, reusing, recycling, proper disposal, education, and establishing environmental management systems. The key aspects of developing and implementing an effective environmental management system are described.
The document discusses various topics related to solid waste management including:
1. Identifying sources of solid waste and characterizing waste properties.
2. Designing layouts and landfills as well as new technologies for managing solid waste.
3. Calculating waste generation rates and the composition, characteristics, and degradation times of different types of waste materials.
This document presents the design and manufacturing of a plastic pyrolysis machine cooling system in Tanzania. The objectives are to design, manufacture, and test a cooling system prototype to address the increasing plastic waste problem. Literature on plastic types and pyrolysis was reviewed. The condenser and oil tank were designed based on heat transfer calculations. A plastic pyrolysis prototype was built and tested. The total cost was estimated to be 330,000 Tanzanian Shillings. The project schedule spanned from November to July.
Buildings have significant environmental impacts throughout their lifecycles, including material production, construction, operation, and demolition. Material production requires extraction, processing, and transportation, all of which use energy and can pollute the environment. Common building materials like concrete and plastics are especially resource-intensive to produce. During construction, buildings generate large amounts of waste and pollution. Operation contributes to climate change through energy and water usage. To improve sustainability, buildings must minimize their environmental impacts, be socially inclusive, and be economically viable over the long term.
The document discusses sustainability practices in the ceramics and granite industries. It outlines current practices like waste management, quarry site maintenance, reducing material usage, and optimizing packaging. It also discusses regulations in places like the EU and China. Issues in the Indian ceramics and granite industries include hazardous working conditions, illegal quarrying, and pollution. Future opportunities discussed include monitoring firms, minimizing environmental impact, and promoting greener products and technologies.
This document discusses sustainability in construction. It defines sustainability as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. Sustainability calls for systems thinking and preventing pollution from the start. Construction impacts the environment through materials, energy use, transport, and waste. One example is Johnson Tiles, a UK manufacturer that has implemented various sustainability measures like reusing materials and water. This has realized energy, water, and waste reductions as well as cost savings. The document emphasizes that construction can adopt reuse and recycling to improve resource efficiency.
This document discusses waste management and air pollution from poor waste disposal. It is a project from engineering students focusing on domestic waste. The introduction defines sustainable development and air pollution. Poor waste management like open burning can cause air pollution issues. The challenges of increasing waste amounts, limited landfill space, and difficulties with incineration are discussed. Suggested solutions include waste hierarchy approaches like recycling and incineration used in Europe, as well as emerging technologies like gasification. Ocean dumping and unethical disposal methods are also addressed.
The document discusses various aspects of waste management. It defines waste management as all activities related to managing waste from generation to disposal. This includes collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of waste along with monitoring and regulation. It discusses the concepts of reduce, reuse and recycle in modern waste management approaches. Various methods of waste disposal like landfills and incineration are also explained along with their advantages and disadvantages. Environmental and economic impacts of waste as well as steps individuals can take to reduce waste are highlighted.
BCI Equinox 2022 - CLB Kien Truc Xanh - Ms PhanThuHang - ENARDOR
Ms. Hang Phan has been the Chair of Vietnam Green Building Council (VGBC) since 2018, responsible for the VGBC Board of Directors to formulate strategic directions of the Council that drive the green building agenda for Vietnam. Ms. Hang has over 20 years’ experience in building science. Her first major is in Architecture before extending the scope to building management and material, and currently is the APAC Sustainable Market Development Director in Saint-Gobain.
She is also a certified Coach & Trainer, especially for Sustainability coaching, helping to make conscious choices for a new lifestyle, in harmony with nature.
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Về BCI:
Tập đoàn Truyền thông Xây dựng BCI hoạt động báo cáo các dự án xây dựng tương lai trong khu vực châu Á Thái Bình Dương.
BCI là cầu nối thông tin giữa các chuyên gia tư vấn thiết kế đang tìm kiếm sản phẩm để chỉ định cho các dự án và các nhà cung cấp đang tìm cách thông báo cho các nhà thiết kế về những sản phẩm và công nghệ xây dựng mới. Để làm điều đó, BCI tiến hành hơn 250.000 buổi gặp mặt và điện thoại phỏng vấn với kiến trúc sư, chủ đầu tư, kỹ sư và nhà thầu mỗi năm, báo cáo các dự án với tổng giá trị khoảng 400 tỷ đô la Mỹ.
Bên cạnh việc đề cao sự minh bạch và hiệu quả thông qua dịch vụ nghiên cứu, BCI cũng xuất bản tập san FuturArc, Construction+ và các tạp chí kiến trúc khác.
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Về Câu lạc bộ Kiến trúc Xanh TP.HCM (CLB KTX TP.HCM):
Câu lạc bộ Kiến trúc Xanh TP.HCM được thành lập vào tháng 09/2011 là nơi tập hợp các thành viên từ nhiều lĩnh vực, có cùng quan tâm và nhiệt huyết trong việc thúc đẩy sự phát triển các Công trình Xanh tại Việt Nam.
Trải qua gần 11 năm hoạt động, cùng sự hỗ trợ của Trung tâm Tiết kiệm Năng lượng TP.HCM và Hội Kiến trúc sư TP.HCM trong thời gian đầu, CLB KTX TP.HCM ngày càng phát triển với số lượng thành viên chính thức hơn 500 người, tổ chức được nhiều Hội thảo chuyên ngành lớn về kiến trúc, quy hoạch, cảnh quan, nhà ở, vật liệu, trang thiết bị, công nghệ và năng lượng xanh, v.v.
Các hội thảo được CLB tổ chức theo hướng trao đổi kiến thức, chia sẻ giải pháp và ứng dụng thực tiễn, với sự tham gia của các đơn vị đồng hành và đặc biệt là của các chuyên gia cùng lĩnh vực ở cả trong và ngoài nước.
---
- News: https://www.futurarc.com/new/bci-equinox-ho-chi-minh-city-focuses-on-net-zero-carbon-and-wellness/
- News: https://www.constructionplusasia.com/vi/bci-equinox-2022-chu-de-net-zero-carbon-wellness/
The document summarizes an environmental impact assessment study for a proposed 1320 MW thermal power plant project in Payra, Bangladesh. The key points are:
1. The project involves constructing two 660 MW power units fueled by coal to help meet Bangladesh's growing energy demands and reduce reliance on natural gas.
2. The plant would be located near Kazol River in Patuakhali district and have the potential for an additional 1320 MW unit in the future.
3. The study analyzed environmental impacts from constructing and operating the plant on air and water quality, land use, biodiversity, and socioeconomics as well as proposed mitigation measures.
- Definitions
- Public health importance
- Environmental and Health Impact of Solid Waste
- Functional elements of solid waste
- Integrated waste management and waste management hierarchy
The document defines key terms related to solid waste management such as waste, solid wastes, waste management, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. It describes the public health importance and environmental and health impacts of solid waste. The functional elements of solid waste management systems are collection, transfer, resource recovery/processing, and disposal. Methods of waste treatment and disposal include composting, incineration, and sanitary landfilling. The waste management hierarchy emphasizes reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovering waste before disposal. Hazardous and healthcare wastes require special management due to risks of disease transmission and environmental contamination.
- Hazardous waste management is important to minimize risks to lives and the environment from waste generated by industries. Waste is categorized based on its properties and the amount generated, and requires proper transport, storage, treatment, and disposal. Examples of treatment methods include physical, chemical and biological processes to break down or separate waste. Stricter regulations and infrastructure are needed for hazardous waste management in India.
Hazardous plastic waste management and fuel production byHarsh_bhatt
The document discusses methods for managing hazardous plastic waste, including landfilling, mechanical recycling, thermal recycling (incineration), biological recycling, and chemical recycling. It focuses on chemical recycling methods such as depolymerization, partial oxidation, and various forms of cracking (hydrocracking, thermal cracking, catalytic cracking). Catalytic cracking through pyrolysis is identified as one of the most promising methods for converting plastic waste into liquid fuels, with the potential to be developed into a commercial process. The pyrolysis process and factors affecting product yield and quality are also summarized.
The document discusses solid waste management. It defines solid waste and describes its various sources and constituents. It then outlines different methods for solid waste disposal, including landfills, incineration, composting, and recycling. It provides details on each method. The document also covers management of specific types of solid waste like medical, hazardous, and e-waste. It concludes by noting that effective solid waste management is important for environmental protection.
This document provides an overview of landfill basics, including:
- Principles of landfill design such as containment and controlled waste placement
- Key processes like microbial degradation, settling, and gas and leachate management
- Design considerations like liner systems, gas collection, leachate collection, and cover types
- Emerging technologies like bioreactor landfills, forced aeration, closed designs using steel covers, and offshore disposal sites
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14fahadansari131
This document discusses solid waste management. It defines waste and classifies it into different categories such as domestic, factory, e-waste, etc. It also classifies waste into solid, liquid, plastic, and metal waste. The sources of solid waste are then outlined, including markets, residential areas, and hospitals. Methods for collecting and disposing of solid waste are also presented, such as using rickshaws, trucks, trenching, landfilling, incineration, composting, and disposal at sea. Issues related to solid waste in Pakistan such as increasing amounts, low collection rates, and hazardous industrial waste are also summarized.
The document discusses waste management and provides definitions and classifications of different types of wastes. It notes that wastes come from various sources like households, commerce, industry, and agriculture. The effects of improper waste management are outlined, including impacts on health, the environment, and climate change. The summary recommends reducing waste generation, reusing materials, recycling, employee education, and adopting environmental management systems to promote more sustainable waste practices.
The document discusses waste management and the effects of waste. It defines different types of waste, sources of waste, and waste generation rates globally and locally. The effects of improper waste management on health, environment and climate are outlined. Solutions proposed include reducing, reusing, recycling, proper disposal, education, and establishing environmental management systems. The key aspects of developing and implementing an effective environmental management system are explained.
The document discusses waste management and the effects of waste. It defines different types of waste, sources of waste, and waste generation rates globally and locally. The effects of improper waste management on health, environment and climate are outlined. Solutions proposed include reducing, reusing, recycling, proper disposal, education, and establishing environmental management systems. The key aspects of developing and implementing an effective environmental management system are described.
The document discusses various topics related to solid waste management including:
1. Identifying sources of solid waste and characterizing waste properties.
2. Designing layouts and landfills as well as new technologies for managing solid waste.
3. Calculating waste generation rates and the composition, characteristics, and degradation times of different types of waste materials.
This document presents the design and manufacturing of a plastic pyrolysis machine cooling system in Tanzania. The objectives are to design, manufacture, and test a cooling system prototype to address the increasing plastic waste problem. Literature on plastic types and pyrolysis was reviewed. The condenser and oil tank were designed based on heat transfer calculations. A plastic pyrolysis prototype was built and tested. The total cost was estimated to be 330,000 Tanzanian Shillings. The project schedule spanned from November to July.
Buildings have significant environmental impacts throughout their lifecycles, including material production, construction, operation, and demolition. Material production requires extraction, processing, and transportation, all of which use energy and can pollute the environment. Common building materials like concrete and plastics are especially resource-intensive to produce. During construction, buildings generate large amounts of waste and pollution. Operation contributes to climate change through energy and water usage. To improve sustainability, buildings must minimize their environmental impacts, be socially inclusive, and be economically viable over the long term.
The document discusses sustainability practices in the ceramics and granite industries. It outlines current practices like waste management, quarry site maintenance, reducing material usage, and optimizing packaging. It also discusses regulations in places like the EU and China. Issues in the Indian ceramics and granite industries include hazardous working conditions, illegal quarrying, and pollution. Future opportunities discussed include monitoring firms, minimizing environmental impact, and promoting greener products and technologies.
This document discusses sustainability in construction. It defines sustainability as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. Sustainability calls for systems thinking and preventing pollution from the start. Construction impacts the environment through materials, energy use, transport, and waste. One example is Johnson Tiles, a UK manufacturer that has implemented various sustainability measures like reusing materials and water. This has realized energy, water, and waste reductions as well as cost savings. The document emphasizes that construction can adopt reuse and recycling to improve resource efficiency.
This document discusses waste management and air pollution from poor waste disposal. It is a project from engineering students focusing on domestic waste. The introduction defines sustainable development and air pollution. Poor waste management like open burning can cause air pollution issues. The challenges of increasing waste amounts, limited landfill space, and difficulties with incineration are discussed. Suggested solutions include waste hierarchy approaches like recycling and incineration used in Europe, as well as emerging technologies like gasification. Ocean dumping and unethical disposal methods are also addressed.
The document discusses various aspects of waste management. It defines waste management as all activities related to managing waste from generation to disposal. This includes collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of waste along with monitoring and regulation. It discusses the concepts of reduce, reuse and recycle in modern waste management approaches. Various methods of waste disposal like landfills and incineration are also explained along with their advantages and disadvantages. Environmental and economic impacts of waste as well as steps individuals can take to reduce waste are highlighted.
BCI Equinox 2022 - CLB Kien Truc Xanh - Ms PhanThuHang - ENARDOR
Ms. Hang Phan has been the Chair of Vietnam Green Building Council (VGBC) since 2018, responsible for the VGBC Board of Directors to formulate strategic directions of the Council that drive the green building agenda for Vietnam. Ms. Hang has over 20 years’ experience in building science. Her first major is in Architecture before extending the scope to building management and material, and currently is the APAC Sustainable Market Development Director in Saint-Gobain.
She is also a certified Coach & Trainer, especially for Sustainability coaching, helping to make conscious choices for a new lifestyle, in harmony with nature.
---
Về BCI:
Tập đoàn Truyền thông Xây dựng BCI hoạt động báo cáo các dự án xây dựng tương lai trong khu vực châu Á Thái Bình Dương.
BCI là cầu nối thông tin giữa các chuyên gia tư vấn thiết kế đang tìm kiếm sản phẩm để chỉ định cho các dự án và các nhà cung cấp đang tìm cách thông báo cho các nhà thiết kế về những sản phẩm và công nghệ xây dựng mới. Để làm điều đó, BCI tiến hành hơn 250.000 buổi gặp mặt và điện thoại phỏng vấn với kiến trúc sư, chủ đầu tư, kỹ sư và nhà thầu mỗi năm, báo cáo các dự án với tổng giá trị khoảng 400 tỷ đô la Mỹ.
Bên cạnh việc đề cao sự minh bạch và hiệu quả thông qua dịch vụ nghiên cứu, BCI cũng xuất bản tập san FuturArc, Construction+ và các tạp chí kiến trúc khác.
---
Về Câu lạc bộ Kiến trúc Xanh TP.HCM (CLB KTX TP.HCM):
Câu lạc bộ Kiến trúc Xanh TP.HCM được thành lập vào tháng 09/2011 là nơi tập hợp các thành viên từ nhiều lĩnh vực, có cùng quan tâm và nhiệt huyết trong việc thúc đẩy sự phát triển các Công trình Xanh tại Việt Nam.
Trải qua gần 11 năm hoạt động, cùng sự hỗ trợ của Trung tâm Tiết kiệm Năng lượng TP.HCM và Hội Kiến trúc sư TP.HCM trong thời gian đầu, CLB KTX TP.HCM ngày càng phát triển với số lượng thành viên chính thức hơn 500 người, tổ chức được nhiều Hội thảo chuyên ngành lớn về kiến trúc, quy hoạch, cảnh quan, nhà ở, vật liệu, trang thiết bị, công nghệ và năng lượng xanh, v.v.
Các hội thảo được CLB tổ chức theo hướng trao đổi kiến thức, chia sẻ giải pháp và ứng dụng thực tiễn, với sự tham gia của các đơn vị đồng hành và đặc biệt là của các chuyên gia cùng lĩnh vực ở cả trong và ngoài nước.
---
- News: https://www.futurarc.com/new/bci-equinox-ho-chi-minh-city-focuses-on-net-zero-carbon-and-wellness/
- News: https://www.constructionplusasia.com/vi/bci-equinox-2022-chu-de-net-zero-carbon-wellness/
The document summarizes an environmental impact assessment study for a proposed 1320 MW thermal power plant project in Payra, Bangladesh. The key points are:
1. The project involves constructing two 660 MW power units fueled by coal to help meet Bangladesh's growing energy demands and reduce reliance on natural gas.
2. The plant would be located near Kazol River in Patuakhali district and have the potential for an additional 1320 MW unit in the future.
3. The study analyzed environmental impacts from constructing and operating the plant on air and water quality, land use, biodiversity, and socioeconomics as well as proposed mitigation measures.
- Definitions
- Public health importance
- Environmental and Health Impact of Solid Waste
- Functional elements of solid waste
- Integrated waste management and waste management hierarchy
The document defines key terms related to solid waste management such as waste, solid wastes, waste management, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. It describes the public health importance and environmental and health impacts of solid waste. The functional elements of solid waste management systems are collection, transfer, resource recovery/processing, and disposal. Methods of waste treatment and disposal include composting, incineration, and sanitary landfilling. The waste management hierarchy emphasizes reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovering waste before disposal. Hazardous and healthcare wastes require special management due to risks of disease transmission and environmental contamination.
- Hazardous waste management is important to minimize risks to lives and the environment from waste generated by industries. Waste is categorized based on its properties and the amount generated, and requires proper transport, storage, treatment, and disposal. Examples of treatment methods include physical, chemical and biological processes to break down or separate waste. Stricter regulations and infrastructure are needed for hazardous waste management in India.
Hazardous plastic waste management and fuel production byHarsh_bhatt
The document discusses methods for managing hazardous plastic waste, including landfilling, mechanical recycling, thermal recycling (incineration), biological recycling, and chemical recycling. It focuses on chemical recycling methods such as depolymerization, partial oxidation, and various forms of cracking (hydrocracking, thermal cracking, catalytic cracking). Catalytic cracking through pyrolysis is identified as one of the most promising methods for converting plastic waste into liquid fuels, with the potential to be developed into a commercial process. The pyrolysis process and factors affecting product yield and quality are also summarized.
The document discusses solid waste management. It defines solid waste and describes its various sources and constituents. It then outlines different methods for solid waste disposal, including landfills, incineration, composting, and recycling. It provides details on each method. The document also covers management of specific types of solid waste like medical, hazardous, and e-waste. It concludes by noting that effective solid waste management is important for environmental protection.
This document provides an overview of landfill basics, including:
- Principles of landfill design such as containment and controlled waste placement
- Key processes like microbial degradation, settling, and gas and leachate management
- Design considerations like liner systems, gas collection, leachate collection, and cover types
- Emerging technologies like bioreactor landfills, forced aeration, closed designs using steel covers, and offshore disposal sites
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14fahadansari131
This document discusses solid waste management. It defines waste and classifies it into different categories such as domestic, factory, e-waste, etc. It also classifies waste into solid, liquid, plastic, and metal waste. The sources of solid waste are then outlined, including markets, residential areas, and hospitals. Methods for collecting and disposing of solid waste are also presented, such as using rickshaws, trucks, trenching, landfilling, incineration, composting, and disposal at sea. Issues related to solid waste in Pakistan such as increasing amounts, low collection rates, and hazardous industrial waste are also summarized.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
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Outline
1. Introduction
2. Refuse Disposal/collection in Buildings
3. Transfer Station
4. Solid Waste Disposal Methods
5. Sanitary Landfills
6. Legislation of Waste Control/Management
7. Solid Waste Management Strategy in Hong Kong
8. Construction & Environment
9. Environmental Management System
10. Appendix 1 – Wastes
11. Appendix 2 – What have we done ?
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Introduction
1. Classification of Solid Wastes
2. Composition of Wastes in Hong Kong
3. Recycle, Recover, and other pretreatment processes
4. Summary of Waste Disposal Methods
5. What are the problems we are facing on solid waste
disposal ?
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Classification of Solid Wastes
• Domestic wastes
• Commercial wastes
• Industrial wastes including food-processing residue,
ash, plastic, package wastes, etc.
• Construction wastes
• Hospital wastes
• Bulky waste including trees, furniture, telephone poles,
etc.
• Hazardous wastes comprising of explosives,
radioactive materials, toxic material, etc.
• Others : marine mud, sludge, livestock, abattoir, PFA,
etc.
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Methods of Waste Disposal
• Domestic Wastes – by landfill, incineration, recycling
• Construction wastes – by public dump, recycle,
landfill,
• Dredged & Excavated spoil – by marine dumping,
public dumping
• Etc…….
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What are the major solid wastes in HK ?
• Construction & Demolition
• Domestics
• Industrial
• Commercial
• Special
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How Construction Wastes are disposed of ?
• Reclamation (public dump)
• By landfills
• Moving towards more dumping dump
• Not much reuse
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What are the major composition of Domestic Wastes ?
• Putrescibles
• Papers
• Plastics
• Others
• Textiles, metals, Glass, Bulky wastes
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What are the major composition of Industrial & Commercial
Wastes ?
• Papers
• Plastics
• Rattan/Wood
• Putrescibles
• Others
• Metals, glass, bulky wastes
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Disposal of chemical wastes
• Chemical wastes disposed at Chemical wastes
Treatment centre at Tsing Yi,
• Others by landfills
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What conclusion can you draw ?
• Disposal is mainly one-way result in resource scarcity
at one end and disposal problems at the other.
• Papers, Construction wastes, glass, etc. are valuable
wastes that can be recycled, reused, recover
• Government should promote to use less and produce
less wastes
• A lot of wastes are disposed of by landfill that requires
a lot of land
• Landfill also creates environmental problems such as
groundwater, air and noise pollution, explosion, traffic,
disease, etc.
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Use of Pre-treatment process
(see figure)
• Grinding
• Pulverizing
• Sorting
• Separating
• Compacting
• Reuse, Recycle
• Disposed of by landfill, incineration,
• Generate power
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What other countries are doing ?
• Recycling and resource recovery in Japan – well
organised and successful
• Use of other methods such as composting, pyrolysis,
Anaerobic digestion
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What are the functions of a transfer station ?
• Compaction
• Size reduction by grinding, shredding, pulverising
• Material recovery
• Loading for transportation
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What are the considerations of a transfer
station ?
• Haul distance to the disposal site
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Transfer Station in HK
• 1992 – Island East
• 1994 - Sha Tin
• 1997 – Island west, Kowloon west
• 1998 - outlying islands
• 2000 - NWNT
• 2005 - NNT
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Pros of Sanitary Landfill
• Process is sanitary
• Highly skilled personnel not required
• After restoration, landfill site can become recreational
land
• Natural resource returned to land
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Cons of Sanitary Landfill
• Large area is required
• Transportation cost
• Produce hazardous gas
• Ground and Surface Water contamination
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Process of Landfill
• Trench method – trucks dump the wastes
into trench and a bulldozer spreads &
compacts, and covers them at the end of
day
• Area method – bulldozers spread out the
waste and a scraper hauls the cover
materials
• Ramp method – the wastes are compacted
but the cover is excavated directly in front
of the working face
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What are the problems with landfill ?
• Groundwater contamination by
leachate
• Gas generation
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What is leachate ?
• Leachate is a liquid produced from
a landfill that contains dissolved,
suspended and/or microbial
contaminants from solid wastes
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How leachate can be contained ?
1. Provide soil cover and surface drainage to
prevent infiltration of rain
2. Liners to contain or attenuate the leachates
3. Use under drains (single or double) to collect
the leachate for further treatment
4. Use slurry cut off wall/trench to contain the
leachate
5. To select a site in arid area
6. To select a site above ground water
7. To continuously monitor groundwater quality
in the vicinity of the site
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How Gas Generation is controlled ?
1. Passive Venting – the local geology
allows the migration of gas to be
collected by perimeter trench
2. Active Venting – install gas
extraction vent which is connected
to a vacuum or blower to force the
gas for collection
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What Constitute a good landfill ?
1. Aesthetics measures regarding health
and safety and quality of life of
neighbours or pass by
2. Ground water protection
3. Surface water protection
4. Control of landfill gas
5. On site health & safety
Provide Extensive protection on
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Aesthetics
1. Provide slope berm and vegetation
along the perimeter of the site
2. Provide dust screen
3. Prevent wind-blown dust
4. Prevent erosion and animals
5. Do not allow ponding of water
6. Compact and cover waste daily
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Groundwater protection
1. Provide liner
2. Provide leachate collection system
3. No groundwater around site
4. Provide ground water monitoring
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Surface water protection
1. Choose site in arid (dry) area
2. Provide surface drainage to divert
surface runoff
3. No ponding of water on site
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Control of landfill gas
1. Provide fully lined landfill
2. Provide active venting system
3. Choose site away from people
4. Monitor gas around site
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On site health & safety
1. Cover soil daily
2. Confine in-coming waste to one
working area
3. Provide safety training and safety
procedures
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What are the legislation for Waste
Management
• Waste Disposal Ordinance, 1980-
responsible for licensing of all types
of wastes
• Regulations for livestock wastes in
1987.
• Regulations for chemical waste
disposal, 1992.
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What are the industries and community
facilities that require special requirements for
waste disposal ?
• Industries e.g.
• Electricity, gas generation
• Metal finishing
• Printed circuit board,
• Tannery processing
• ..etc
• Community facilities e.g.
• abattoirs
• Hospitals
• Markets, cooked food stalls
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Government structure
• Policy Development – Environmental
Protection Department
• Service Provision – Refuse collection (FEH);
Special Waste collection (EPD); Solid Waste
disposal (EPD); Special waste disposal (EPD);
Sewage treatment (DSD)
• Legislation enforcement – Waste
import/export (EPD); Livestock waste (EPD);
Marine dumping (EPD); Domestic waste
storing, collection, littering (FEH);
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Waste Management in HK
1. Municpal disposal by - 3 large landfills, 9 planned transfer
stations
2. Construction wastes disposal by - public dump for
reclamation after segregation, sorting and recycling. Also
adopt Polluters Pay Principle
3. 30% clinical waste by incineration and 70% by landfill
4. Marine mud by controlled dumping at specified seabed
5. Waste reduction Plan by
1. Waste minimisation by changes in people’s practice
2. Waste recovery and recycling
3. Reduce the volume of waste
4. Disposal in environmentally satisfactory ways
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Impact of Construction
1. Continuous reclamation
2. Extraction of fossil fuel
and minerals
3. Consumption of
resources
4. Construction activities
1. Cause changes to
ecosystem
2. Loss of forest
3. Loss of cultivated land
4. Air, noise, groundwater,
ozone pollution
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Measures to reduce Impact to
Environment
1. Reuse of building materials – e.g. use brick on
pavement surface instead of concrete
2. Recycle of materials – e.g. Use crushed
concrete for roadbase
3. Reduce energy consumption – e.g. use less
energy means less electricity means less
wastes from electric company
4. Design & build energy efficient buildings
5. Promotion by education programme
6. Conduct EIA and EMS
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What is a EMS
• EMS is a systematic approach for
implementing environment
management particularly at
organisation level.
• Through identifying, minimising,
preventing and managing the
environment impacts
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What does EMS consist ?
• 1. Environmental policy
• 2. Organisation Structure
• 3. Environmental Management
Programme
• 4. Audit of the programme &
system
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Why EMS ?
• Comply with legislation
• Demand from customers
• Competition
• Save cost
• Reduce risk
• Investment approval
• Pressure from environmentalists
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What is ISO14000 ?
• A series of standards on
environmental management
• ISO14001 set out the framework in
management system for
• tracking environmental
performance,
• setting objectives,
• developing procedures, and
• reviewing progress.