swedana karma (sudation therapy)

Mentor :-
Prof. (Dr.) UMESH SHUKLA
Professor & HOD Panchakarma
Principal , Pt. Khushilal Sharma Government Ayurveda Institute, Bhopal
(M.P)(M.P)
Prepared by :-
Dr. Shalu Jain
PG Scholor , Department Of Panchakarma
Pt.Khushilal Sharma Govt .(Auto.) Ayurveda College And Institute , Bhopal
(M.P.)

DEFINITION
 गौरव शीत म ेदनं ेदकारकम |
(Ch.su. 22/ 11)
Swedan is a procedure which relieves stiffness
(stambhan), cold (sheetalata) and which induce
sweating (sweda)

Conti...
 Physiologically it is a thermoregulatory
process therapeutically is induced to
eliminate the bio - waste material from
the body by generation of direct orthe body by generation of direct or
indirect heat.

OUTLINES
 Mainly a purva karma
procedure.
 Due to its therapeutic
efficacy it stands as a
Pradhan karma.
 Due to its detoxifing
functions through
swedjanan, it equally
offers shodhan
effects.
 When used before
efficacy it stands as a
Pradhan karma.
 Considered under
shadupkarm (offers
shaman effects).
 When used before
shodhan to be called
purva karma.
 When used for sweda
sadhya vyadhi then to
be called as Pradhan
karma.

CONCEPT
 After giving Snehpan Swedan is
administered to liquify the Snigdha
vitiated Doshas which are spread
through out the body, so that vitiatedthrough out the body, so that vitiated
Doshas can be easily eradicable
through Pradhan karma such as Vaman
& Virechan.

CONCEPT cont….
 Most of the heat generated by
deep organs e.g. heart, brain,
muscles etc. as a by product of
metabolism is transferred frommetabolism is transferred from
deeper organs and tissues to the
skin, where it is lost to the air
and surroundings by radiation,
conduction and evaporation.

CONCEPT cont….
 Mechanism
 Imodulation of
physiology of
thermoregulation
 Outcome
 Enhanced sweating
 Decrease plasma
volume
 Body is subjected to
heat stress.
 WBC, protein levels
increased
 Increased plasma
osmotic pressure.
 Water from intra to
extracellular

Concept – Heat Generation
 Acceleration of heat
generators.Mechanism
 Physical exercise
 Sustaining hunger
 Alcohol consumption
 Emotional status
Methods

Result
 Heart rate will be higher.
 Decreased weight (1.7 – 4.6 kg)

Classification
1.Ekang
2. Sarvang
1.Ruksha
2.snigdh
DWANDAJA
BHEDA OF
SWEDANA
(C.SU.14/66)
1. Saagni
2. Niragni
(C.SU.14/66)

CLASSIFICATION cont…..
On the basis of karma
Shodhan
Samana
ि िवध ेद -
संशमनीय ,
संशोधन (Dalhan
su.chi. 32/ 16)
On the basis of Bala of
Rogi
Mahana
Madhyam
Mradu
ाधौ शीते शरीरे च
महान् ेदो महाबले|
दुबले दुबलः ेदो
म मे म मो िहतः ||
(Ch.su 14/17)

CLASSIFICATION cont….. Vagbhatt
TAPA
UPNAHA
DRAVA
USHMA -8 TYPES
1. PINDA
2. SANSTAR
चतुिवध अि ेदों
भव ताप उपनाह 2. SANSTAR
3. NADI
4. ASMAGHAN
5. KUMBHI
6. KUPA
7. KUTI
8. JENTAKA
भव ताप उपनाह
उ व
भेदेन…..(A. S. 26)

Acc. To kashyap
1. Hastasweda
2. Pradeha
3. Nadi
4. Prastara
Sankara
ज भृित बालानां
ेदमा िवधं िहतं।
ह ेदः देह नाड़ी
रस राः 5. Sankara
6. Upnah
7. Avgah
8. Pariseka
रस राः
उपनाहो अवगाह
प रषेक था माः || (ka.su.
25/76)

Saagni Sweda (Ch. Su. 14/ 39-40)
 Sankar
 Prastar
 Nadi
 Karshu
 Kuti
 Kumbhi
 Parishek
 Avgaha
 Jentak
 Ashmaghn
 Kupa
 Holak

Niragni sweda (ch.su.14/64)
 Vyayam
 Ushna –sadan
 Guru pravaran
 Kshuda
Bahupan
- Physical exercise
- Staying in warm house
- Covering the body with blancket
- Becoming hungry
Intake of alcohaol Bahupan
 Bhaya
 Krodha
 Upnah
 Ahava
 atapa
- Intake of alcohaol
- Experience of fear
- Becoming angry
- Pasting of medicine
- Fighting
- Exposure to sunshine

Tapa sweda
 Heated substance like metallic
vessels, sand, cloth,hand etc. is
kept in contact with the body
parts.
 Dosh – shleshmaghn Dosh – shleshmaghn
 28 – 30 degrees delicate,soft
skinned people who require low
to medium temperature
constantly for longer duration or
for the rasa, rakta related
diseases.

Upnaah sweda
 Applied warm paste of herbs (lepa)
or tied over the surface (bandhan)
 Dosha - vataghna
 32 36 degrees Whenever utsedha or
swellings are observed bnadhana.swellings are observed bnadhana.
muscle disease paralysis etc.Where
medium duration or for the mamsa &
tendon disease.

Drava sweda
 liquids are used here for submer-
ging (Avagaha) or pouring (parishe
ka) or showering (Varshulika).
 Liquids – milk, oil, ghee, decoction
etc.etc.
 Dosh – pitta-samshraste
 36 40 degrees it is commonly used
for the skeletal disease, spinal
diseases IVDP ankylosis, arthritis
etc. especially for asthi
dhatugatavyadhi

PARISHEK vis a vis PIZHICHIL
1 3
2

Ushma sweda
 It is done by way of steam
either through a nozzle or in a vessel.
 Dosh - shleshmghna
 40 46degrees common comfort-able
method of steamingmethod of steaming
(wet) or hot wind (dry heat) in
either open (nadi) or closed
(box) methods with duration
regulations for all dhatugata diseases.

Others…
 Use of infrared
lamps directly on
kati basti.
 Hot air blower

Conti..
 Heat eliminating
reflector foil
 Chromato -therapy
(color plate)

Conti..
 Heater
 Steamer

SWEDA KARMA - INDICATIONS
अतः ेदाः व े यैयथाव योिजतैः |
ेदसा ाः शा गदा वातकफा काःेदसा ाः शा गदा वातकफा काः ||
(ch.su.14/3)

Continue…
ित ाये च कासे च िह ा ासे लाघवे|
कणम ािशरः शूले रभेदे गल हे||
अिदतैका सवा प ाघाते िवनामके |
को ानाहिवब ेषु मू ाघाते िवजृ के ||
पा पृ कटीकु ि सङ् हे गृ सीषु च|पा पृ कटीकु ि सङ् हे गृ सीषु च|
मू कृ े मह े च मु योर मदके ||
पादजानू ज ाितसङ् हे यथाविप|
ख ी ामेषु शीते च वेपथौ वातक के ||
स ोचायामशूलेषु गौरवसु षु |
सवा े षु िवकारेषु ेदनं िहतमु ते||
(Ch. Su.14/20-24)

Pratishyay
conti…
Pratishyay
 kasa
Hikka
Shwasa
Kaphaj Roga

Swedan in Pratishyay (cold, rhinitis,
nasal discharges, catarrah)
 Causes
 Environmental or
occupational irritants
 Weather changes
 Signs & symptoms
 Stuffy nose
 Runny nose
 Sneezing
Mucus in throat
 Weather changes
 Infections
 Foods & beverages
 Certain medications
 Hormone changes
 Mucus in throat
 Cough
 Nasal congestion

Conti..
 Trending regimen
 Steam inhalation
(ushma sweda)
 (hot water, ajwain,
 Mechanism
 Clear up nasal &
respiratory passage
 Loosening the mucus
in the nasal passages (hot water, ajwain,
saindhav,
bheemsaini karpur)
,dashmool kwath
in the nasal passages
 Ease feeling of
irritation
नवं ित ायामपा सवमुपाचरेत सिपष एव पानै: |
ेदैः िविच ै: वमनै यु ै: कालपापंणैरवपीड़ने ||
(Su.u 24/18)

Swedan in hikka ,shwas (Hiccough
Breathlessness, dyspnoea, asthma)
Hiccough
A quick involuntary inhalation that follows a spasm of the
diaphragm & is suddenly checked by closure of the glottis,
producing a short, relatively sharp sound.
Causes:-Causes:-
a) less than 48 hrs. - drinking too much
- eating too much
- sudden temperature changes
- swallowing air with chewing gum /
sucking on candy

Conti…
 b) more than 48 hrs. –
 Nerve (vagus or phrenic)damage /
irritation
 Cns disorder (tumor/ infection) Cns disorder (tumor/ infection)
 Metabolic disorder and drugs

Conti..
 Causes of B.asthma
 Genetic
 History of viral infection
 Hygiene hypothesis
 Symptoms
 Paroxysms of
dyspnoea
 Cough with
expectoration
 Hygiene hypothesis
 Early allergen exposure expectoration
 Wheezing
 Worst in winter &
rainy season

Conti..
िह ा ासािदतं ि ैरादौ ेदै पाचरेत् |
आ ं लवणतैलेन नाडी रस रैः ||७१||
तैर िथतः े ा ोतः िभिवलीयते |
खािन मादवमाया ततो वातानुलोमता ||७२||
यथाऽि कु े काशुत ं िव ते िहमम् |
े ा त ः थरो देहे ेदैिव ते तथा ७३े ा त ः थरो देहे ेदैिव ते तथा ||७३||
ं ा ा तत ूण भोजयेत् ि मोदनम् |
म ानां शूकराणां वा रसैद ु रेण वा ||७४||
ततः े िण संवृ े वमनं पायये ु तम् |
िप लीसै व ौ ैयु ं वातािवरोिध यत् ||७५
िन ते सुखमा ोित स कफे दु िव हे |
ोतः सु च िवशु ेषु चर िवहतोऽिनलः ||
ch.su. (17 / 71-76)

Treatment regimen of shwasa
1. Nidan parivarjan
2. Snehan
3. Swedan
4. Vaman – kaph
 Swedana ( nadi, prastar,
sankar) as a purvkarm
use of swedan locally or
throughout whole body4. Vaman – kaph
predominent stage
5. Virechan – origin of
shwas is pitta sthan
 Swedan (ushm sweda)
as a preventive –
steam inhalation
Helps in liquefaction of
viscous mala rupi kapha
vata-anuloman
easy to breath

Osteoarthritis
Indication conti…
Osteoarthritis
Stiffness of joints
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pain in joint etc.
Joint disorder

Swedan in Osteo arthritis
 Introduction OA :-
 Degenerative joint
disease.
 Chronic disorder of
synovial joints.
 Symptom:-
 swelling
 Pain
 stiffness
Warmthsynovial joints.
 Wear & tear
phenomena
 Particularly in weight
bearing joints.
 Warmth
 Cracking sound
 Loss of range of
motion & function
वातपूण ित शः शोथः स गतेऽिनले |
सारणाकु नयोः वृि सवेदना ||
(Ch. Chi. 28/37)

Conti..
 Pahology
1. Roughening & Wearing of
cartilage surface.
2. Impairment of the cushioning
Diagnosis is mainly clinical
supported by radiography
2. Impairment of the cushioning
“shock – absorber” functioning

Osteo-arthritic condition commonly
observed
 OA of knee
 OA of hip
 Generalized OA
 Generalized osteoporosis Generalized osteoporosis
 Non inflammatory osteoarthrosis
 OA and allied complaints like effusion,
deformity contractures

Selective swedan procedure for OA
 Its depends on cause.
 Its depends on involvement of:-
 Dhatu – meda, asthi, majja
 Avstha - saam, niram Avstha - saam, niram
 Bala
 Triggers – weight gain
bone spurs(osteophytes)
cold weather
infection

Conti…
1. Weight reducing
measure :-
 Udvartan ……
Varunadi churna
if pain assoiated +
Advantage
 Remarkable loss of
wt.
 Results in reducedif pain assoiated +
Kolakulatthadi ch
.
 Sarvang vaspa
Sweda
 Results in reduced
wt. bearing on Joints
 Strengthen muscle
and ligaments thus
joints stabilize
appendages

Conti…
 Sam stage of OA - Inflammation more
prone with other symptoms of sama
1. Baluka Sweda1. Baluka Sweda
2. Upnaha
3. Nadisweda
4. Salvana Sweda / Istika Sweda
5.Ruksha Basti

Conti…
 Niram stage of OA - Pain & inflammation decreases
but activity related pain increased.
 Localised Tarpan with Ushna Taila
Below kati ---- Sahachar
Systemic ----- Dhanwantar/ balaSystemic ----- Dhanwantar/ bala
Kapha asso. ---- Dashmula
Pitta asso. ---- Ksheerbala / chandan bala
 Abhyanga
 Nadi Sweda
 Patra pottali
 Pizinchil
 Churna pind sweda

conti…
Generalised OA –
sarvaang swedan
Localised OA –Localised OA –
Ekang swedan
कु या गते वाते दाह
ेहोपनाहनम |
Bha.pra. M.24/259

Swedan in ND
Ekangwat
Sarvang vata
Pakshaghat
Vinamnam NurologicalVinamnam
Ardita
Prushta graha
Kati graha
Gridhrasi
Nurological
disorders

Swedan in Pakshaghat
 Hemiplegia is the commonest manifestation of a stroke.

 CVA
 Cerebral hemorrhage
 Sub arachnoid hemorrhage
 Cerebral thrombosis Cerebral thrombosis
 Venous sinus thrombosis
 Embolism
 INFLAMMATORY
 meningitis
 encephalitis
 NEOPLASTIC
 Cerebral tumors
 DEGENERATIVE

Conti…
ेदनं ेहसंयु ं प ाघाते िवरेचनम् ||
(ch.su.28/100)
(Su chi.5/19)

In practice
 Baluka sweda or
 Udvartan (Kolkulathadi churna) - 3 days

 Patra pinda sweda (Dhanwantar tail)
 +Shirodhara - 7days
+ Nasya + Nasya
 Sastik shali pind sweda - 7 days
 Abhyang sweda - 7 days
 Pizhinchil - 7 days
Bala taila Aswagandha taila
 Total 31 days

Swedan in UMN Vs LMN
 UMN
Due to increased spasticity
…. Snehan be minimised
…. Swedan with more aggression
 LMN LMN
Due to Sensory Impairment
…. Swedan with caution
… Snehan be applied with mriduswedan

Swedan in Ardit
 Charkokta Ardit (ch. chi.28/38-42)
Hemiplegia with 7th nerve palsy
 Sushrutokta Ardit (su.ni. 1/70) Sushrutokta Ardit (su.ni. 1/70)
Bell’s Palsy

Bell’s palsy
 Cause
 It can occur at any age.
 Its exact cause is unknown.
 Viral infectionViral infection
 Cold sores
 Respiratory illness
 CMV (cytomegalo virus) infection
 Chicken pox & herpes zoster
 EBV (ebstin barr virus) infection

Conti..
 Symptoms
 Unilateral
 Onset sudden, in morning after awaked.
 He or his friend observe that mouth is drawn to one side.
 Frequent pain onset in ear, mastoid region or around the angle
of jaw.of jaw.
 Closer of eyes not possible.
 Difficulty eating & drinking.
 Difficulty making facial expression.
 Drooling
 Raising of eyebrows
 Sometime loess of taste on anterior 2/3rd of tongue
 Hyperacusis

Conti..
अिदते नावनं मूि तैलं तपणमेव च ||
नाडी ेदोपनाहा ा ानूपिपिशतैिहताः |
(Ch.chi.28/99)
(Su.chi. 5/22)

Treatment regimen
 Abhyanga - Karpasthadi taila, ksheerbala tail
 Netra Tarpan - Triphala ghrit, jivantyadi ghrita
 Nadi sweda - Dashmula kwath
 Ksheer dhumra swedaKsheer dhumra sweda
 Shashtik shali pind sweda
 Nasya - Karpasthadi taila, bala biva ghrita
 Ksheerbala taila
 Shiropichu - Dhanwantaram taila
 Upnaha - Atasyadi lepa or utkarika
 Karnpooran – ksheerbala tail

SWEDAN IN MANYA STAMBA
 Ruksha sweda
म ा ंभे अ ेतदेव िवधानं िवषेशतो वात े हरेन ै
ेदै ोपचारेत |
(Su.chi. 5/20)
Ruksha sweda
 Baluka sweda
 Salwan upnah
 Annalepan
 Manya basti
 Nadi sweda

Sciatica
 Causes
 Lumbar spinal
stenosis
 Degenerative disc
changes
 Symptoms
 Lower back pain
 Hip pain
 Burning or tingling
changes
 Spondylolisthesis
 Pregnancy
 Muscles spasm
 Burning or tingling
sensation of leg
 Shooting pain
ूवा किटपृ ो जानुज ापदं मात् |
गृ सी ोदैगृ ाित ते मु ः ||
(ch.chi. 28/56)

Conti…
 SLR +ve
 Lesegue test +ve (confirmatory test)
 Ankle jerk decreased
 Analgesia is less extensive than anesthesia to
light touchlight touch
 Postural sensibility & appreciation of passive
movement lost… in toes
 Planter reflex…. Lost
 Leg may be congested & swollen
 Area of sensory loss may be in outer aspect

Swedan in Gridhrasi
 Kati basti - Kottamchukkadi taila , sahcharadi tail
 Generalized basti
Niruha - Dashmula
Anuvasan - Sahacharadi tail
 Patra pinda - Sahacharadi tail –(7 days)
 Abhyanga then Nadi sweda with Dasmool kwath,
Mamsa rasa (7 days)
 Jambeer pind sweda (7 days)
 Appropriate exercise with oral medicine.

Cervical spondylosis
 Cause
 Herniated disc
 Dehydrated disks
 Bone spurs
 Symptoms
 Pain in neck
 Headche
 Giddiness
 Bone spurs
 Stiff ligament
 Tingling, numbness,&
weakness in your
shoulders, arms, hands.
 It can also occur in legs.

Swedan in CS
 Greevaprishta Basti
 Kati Basti 10 days
 Jambeer Pinda Sweda
Abyanga with Nadi Sweda Abyanga with Nadi Sweda
 Localised churna pinda sweda
 Specific Yogasanas of spine
 Along with systemic Basti & oral medicines

In short swedan in ND
Sudation therapy (Swedana) Neurological diseases
Avagahan Sweda All neurological disorders specially
neuropathy
Baspa Sweda obstructive neuropathy
Nadi Sweda Lumbar Spondylosis, Sciatica,
IVDP
Patrapinda Sweda Hemiplegia, Paraplegia,
Compressive myelopathy, MND
Shashtik Shali Pinda Sweda Muscular atrophy, Duchene
muscular dystrophy
)

Conti…
Procedure Nurological disorder
Griva vasti Cervical spondylosis ,IVDP
Kati vasti Lumbar spondylosis , Sciatica, IVDP
Picchu dharan Cranial neuropathy
Shirovasti Cerebral palsy, Cerebral ataxia,
Parkinsonism
Udvartana Hemiplegia , myopathies
Shirodhara Insomnia, Stress, Anxiety neurosis,
neuropathy

Swedan in GIT disorder
Ama dosha
VibandhaVibandha
Kukshigrah
Aanah
GIT disorder

Swedan in GIT disorder
(Ch. Vi. 3/13)(Ch. Vi. 3/13)
(Ch.chi.26/11)

T/t of ama or ama dosha or ama
diseases are :-
1) langhan - 10 types
vyayam, upwas/kshudha, atapa ( niragni sweda)
2) Rukshan - Its also same task of that drying
sudation.
purpose – Dryness producing.
3) Swedan3) Swedan
 dry sudation can be provided in form churn pind
sweda, baluka sweda etc. give instant relief from
ama symptoms.
 Drav sweda in the form of nadi sweda / vashp
sweda
 Is administered to mobilize doshas detatched from
ama towards stomach.

Swedan procedurs
Hriday basti Kati basti Greeva basti
Janu basti Parishek Pizhichil

Conti..
Tapa sweda Upnaah sweda Avgaha swedaTapa sweda Upnaah sweda Avgaha sweda
spps Naadi sweda Ssps

Poorvkarma
A. SAMBHARA
SANGRAHA
B. SWEDA
PURVA VICARYA
VISHAYA
1. Swedopayogi drug
2. Swedopug drug
3. Swedana yantra
4. Medicines for management
of any complication.
1. Roga
2. Rogi
3. Dosha
4. Ritu
5. Desa

Pre operative check-up
 Vitals:- Pulse
Blood Pressure
Respiratory Rate
Temperature
 Age :- > 40 yr
blood sugarblood sugar
ECG
KFT
Lipid Profile
 Systemic examination
 For shodhanarth sweda SOPs of pradhan karma be
also operationalised.

 ाधौ शीते शरीरे च महान् ेदो महाबले|
दुबले दुबलः ेदो म मे म मो िहतः ||
वात े िण वाते वा कफे वा ेद इ ते|
ि थाि ो ा ुपक तः ||
 आमाशयगते वाते कफे प ाशयाि ते|
पूव िहतः ेदः ेहपूव थैव च||
 वृषणौ दयं ी ेदये ृदु नैव वा|
म मं व णौ शेषम ावयविम तः ||
(Ch. su,. 14)

Conti….
ROGA – Amvat - baluka swedan
Ardit - nadi,upnah
Swasa - nadi prastara’sankara
Pakshaghat, mamsha-kshaya - pinda sweda
ROGI – Uttambala – mahana (jentak etc.)
Alpabala - mridu
DOSHA – Vata - Snigdha
kapha - Ruksha

Conti….
Desa- Mridu sweda - vrishana
Hridya
Netra
Madhyam - vakshana pradeshMadhyam - vakshana pradesh
Also eg. Aamashay-ruksha purvak
pakvashay- snigdh purvak
Ritu - Mahan sweda - Sheet ritu
Mridu sweda - Ushna ritu
(CH.Su.14/9)

Pradhan karma
 Swedaavacarana - According to roga bala, rogi bala.
Desa, ritu, suitable swedan should be done to the
patient who has undergone abhyanga, in a place
devoid of air (nirvate).devoid of air (nirvate).
 Observation of lakshanas - During swedan it is very
important to observe for samyak, ayoga and atiyoga
lakshanas.

AVOIDANCE
कषायम िन ानां गिभ ा र िपि नाम्|
िपि नां साितसाराणां ाणां मधुमेिहनाम्||
िवद ानां िवषम िवका रणाम्|
ा ानां न स ानां थूलानां िप मेिहनाम्||ा ानां न स ानां थूलानां िप मेिहनाम्||
तृ तां ुिधतानां च ु ानां शोचतामिप|
काम ुद रणां चैव तानामा रोिगणाम्||
दुबलाितिवशु ाणामुप ीणौजसां तथा|
िभषक् तैिम रकाणां च न ेदमवतारयेत्||
(ch.su.14/16-19)

Precaution to be taken
 The Heart region, testes and eyes should be given Mardu
Sweda
 Delicate parts such as eyes, heart and testes should be
covered by thin cloths or Leaves, before giving Swedan
Karm.
 All material needed for Swedan Karm are to be collected All material needed for Swedan Karm are to be collected
in advance .
 Swedan Karm should be given according to their Prakrati,
Roga, Ritu, Desh, Vaya, Kaal etc.
 Swedan is to be administered after suitable Snehan Karm.
 BP, Pulse, Respiration rate and Temperature of the
Patient are to be noted before and after Swedan
Karm.

Conti..
 Note any cardiac or skin problems are there.
 Enquire for the psychological interventions or
phobia
 According to the dhatu involvement or
availability the schedule can be fixed.availability the schedule can be fixed.
 Steam for the required time or till the
forehead sweating is recorded.

The seven Posture in Pinda sweda
o Sitting
o Supine
o Right lateral
o Supineo Supine
o Left Lateral
o Supine
o Sitting

Observations
Samyak Swedan Symptoms :-
 Disappearance of cold (Shitoparam)
 Disappearance of Pain (Shooloparam)
 Disappearance of stiffness (Stambha Nigraha)
Relief in heaviness of body (Gaurava Nigraha) Relief in heaviness of body (Gaurava Nigraha)
 Softness and Smoothness of the body (Mardavata)
 Appearance of Sweating (Sweda Pravriti)
 Desire for cold things.
शीतशूलवयूपरमे गौरविन हे !
संजाते मादवे ेदे ेदनाि रितमता !!
(ch.su.14/13)
(s

Conti…
Symptoms of improper Swedan Karm :-
 Sweating will not come.
 Coldness will not reduced.
 No taste of cold things.
Pain will not reduced. Pain will not reduced.
 No remission of the disease.
(Su.chi 32/23)
ेदा ावो ािध हािनलघु ं शीतािथ ं मादवं चातुर |
स क े ल णं ा रेत- ा े येनैतदेव ||
(su.chi. 32/23)

Paschat karm
 Cover the body with blanket (pravritang)
 Avoid direct exposure to wind (nivatsaransthitham)
 Take bath with luke warm water (snatam
ushnaambhubhi)
 Pathya diet (pathya bhojyeta) Pathya diet (pathya bhojyeta)
 An-abhishyandhi diet
 Avoid exercise (vyayam nisedha)

Rules Of Pariharkal
 Use of hot water
 Little walking
 Mild talking
 Proper posture
 Proper use of pillow
 Sleep in night only Sleep in night only
 Control emotions
 No travel
 Devoid sex
 Avoid exposure to pollution
 Void urges properly
 No cold climate
 No extreme sunlight
 No high breeze

Complication of sweda karma
 Pitta prakop
 Daha
 Murchcha
 Sharir sadan
- Vitiation of vata dosha
- Burning sensation
- Fainting
- Sense of exhaustion in the body parts Sharir sadan
 Swara daurbalya
 Anga daurbalya
 Sandhi pida
 Shyava rakta -
Mandala darshan
Sense of exhaustion in the body parts
- Reduction in the voice
- Reduced tone of the limbs
- Pain in the joints
- Black or reddish patches
िप कोपो मू ा च शरीरसदनं तृषा |
दाहः रांग दौब मित ल णं ||
(ch.su. 14/13)

Cont….
 Sphota
 Bhrama
 Arsha kopa
 Trisha
- Appearance of blisters
- Giddiness
- Symptoms of rakt kopa
- Excessive thrist Trisha
 Sadan
 Jwara
 chhardi
- Excessive thrist
- General sense of exhaustion
- Fever
- vomiting
े अ थम संिधपीड़ा िवदाहः ोटो ि ः िप र कोपः !
मू ा ा दाहतृ े म कु या ूण त शीतं िवधानम !!
(su.chi.32/24)

Management of exposure of over heat
 Swedan procedure should be immediately stopped.
 Burn – jatyadi ghrita, sandal wood paste, aloe vera
application.
 Raised B.P. - Proper rest , if needed sarpgandha
ghan vati.
 Rashes - coconut oil, shata-dhauta ghrita Rashes - coconut oil, shata-dhauta ghrita
 Offered with sweet ,cold ,oily ,liquid food
 Cold water ,Rice
 Stay in cool room
 Sitting in a garden of cold atmosphere
 Stambhan chikitsa
 Grishma ritu charya .

Conti..
 The swedan karm eliminates toxins and waste from
the body in the form of sweat.
 It relieves stiffeness, heaviness, coldness & pain.
 Swedan is regarded as an upakarm not as
shodhan?
 Upakrama is Shamana Upakrama is Shamana
Shodhan purv swedan is adjunct to shodhan.
 So we can conclude in it swedan procedure performs
in three way :-
 Purkarm swedan
 Upakarma –shaman swedan
 Paschat karm swedan
 SHODHAN????

Condition for Upakarm swedan
 Jwara(Fever) –Ushnasadana, blanketing
(guru pravran)
 Shotha(oedema) - Upnah,parisheka lepa
 Pratishyay(cough & cold) – Ushma sweda Pratishyay(cough & cold) – Ushma sweda
(steam inhalation)
 Visarp – Pradeha
 Mutrakriccha – Avgaha , parisheka
 Vatvyadhi - Tapa , nadi, upnah

introduction
 The word pinda means bolus.
 The hot drugs are made into potali form.
 Terminology used by charak is sankar
swedasweda
 Ruksh sweda & snigdh sweda.
 Named after the dravya used.

Various pinda sweda
Ruksha sweda
 valuka sweda
 Kolkultathadi sweda
 Churna pind sweda
 Bhusha / tusha pind sweda Bhusha / tusha pind sweda
 Karish sweda
 Lavan pind sweda
 Karpasa bija sweda
 Jambir pind sweda

Snigdh sweda
 Patra pind sweda
 Shashtishali pind sweda
 Mamsa khizi
 Shashti shali pinda sweda with sura Shashti shali pinda sweda with sura

Patra pind sweda
 Leaves
( Arka, Dhattura, Chincha,
Eranda, Nirgundi )
 Saindhava (rock salt)
 Grated coconut
- 500 gms
-
- 5-10 gm
- 100 gm
 Lemon
 Vatshamak oil
(Neem /Eranda
/dhanvantar
/kottamchukkadi taila )
- 2
- As required

Indication (spps)
 Joint diseases of
inflammatory,
degenerative
 autoimmune nature
 Neurological disorders
like paralysis
Neurological disorders
like paralysis
 Pain & swelling of
sinoveitis
 Sciatica
 cervical radiculopathy
 lower back pain etc.

contii
 Modified PPS in katigrah
Egg is boiled and yolk is powdered & fried in a pan
When it becomes reddish all the vatahara leaves like
Eranda,Nirgundi,Shigru etc. mentioned in PPS
are added and fried along with that egg yolk.are added and fried along with that egg yolk.
 PPS in pakshaghat, dhanustambh, gridhrasi
In this Pindasweda is prepared with adding egg yolk,
jambeera, vacha, haridraand sarshapa.

Jambir pind sweda
 Lemon
 .Methika
 Shatahva (Anethum sowa)
 Haridra (Curcuma longa)
 2 ng
 35 gm
 35 gm
 35 gm
 Haridra (Curcuma longa)
 Lashuna (Garlic)
 Saindhava (Rock salt)
 Medicated oil
 2ng
 8 gm
 60 ml

Indication (jps)
 kaphadominant Gridhrasi (sciatica)
 Frozen shoulder,
 Stiffness of jointsStiffness of joints
 Rheumatic arthritis
 Muscular cramp
 Caution :- skin rashes
 For this apply madhu & ghrita

Shashtikshali pind sweda
 12 pala – Bala
 3 Aadaka - Water
 3 Prastha - Decoction bala
 1½ Prastha - Cows milk 1½ Prastha - Cows milk
 ½ Prastha - Shashtikashali
 This makes 100gms each 5 pottali that can run
by the 4 therapist at once.

Therapeutic applications (ssps)
 Muscle atrophy
 Later stages of demyelination
 Cerebral palsy
Cervical myelopathy
 Post-polio residual paralysis
Muscle dystrophy Muscle dystrophy
 Emaciation.
 Atrophy of muscles.
 Spasticity, reduced mobility, rigidity, low backache
 Sciatica, scoliosis, kyphosis, arthritis etc.
 Complications recorded are- Trembling,
fainting and rashes.

Valuka sweda
Ingredients
 Sand
 Saindhav
 Ajmoda
Indication
 Rheumatoid arthritis
 Urustambh
 Kapha,medavrit vat Ajmoda  Kapha,medavrit vat
 Medo rog
 Granthi
 Shoth & shula
 Sam roga

Churna pinda sweda
 Type
 Ingredients
 Oil
 Ruksha/snigdha/ekanga
 - kulatha,devadaru,kola,
haridra, rasna,jatamansi
 - Nimba Oil
 Other
 Indication
 Course
 Risk factor
 Avoid
 - Kashaya, takra, saindhava
 - Sandhishool, vatavyadhi
 - 7 days.. to be repeated
 - Normaly safe
 - Diabetic neuropathy

Busha / Tusha Pind sweda
 Type
 Ingredients
 Oil
Other
 Ruksha
 Busa (bran of rice),
rason, shrigru twaka
 Not required
 Sandhava
 Other
 Indication
 Course
 Risk factor
 Avoid
 Sandhava
 Amaj states of Shwasha,
jwara, vishoochika
 3 to 7 days
 15 to 30 mint
 Sensory impairment
 Niram stages

Anda sweda
 Type
 Ingredients
 Oil
 Other
 Ushma sweda
 egg yolk , kolkulathadi
churna, methika, haridra
 Nimba oil
 Shatavha & saindhava Other
 Indication
 Course
 Risk factor
 Avoid
 Shatavha & saindhava
 Traumatic conditions, post
polio paralysis,
 7 to 21 days
 30 to 45 mint
 Skin allergy
 Pittaj vikara

Udvartan
 Type
 Ingredients & indication
 Anagni, Rukshan process
 Kolkulthadi churna –neurological
cases, MND,PD, Dystrophies
 Varunadi churna –obesity
 Nalamparadi churna – DM
associated with itching
 Course
 Time
 Methods
 Avoided
associated with itching
 Nimbadi churn – skin diseases
 7-21 days may be repeated
 30-45 minutes
 Pratiloma
 Crack Burn

Properties of swedan drug & their
action

 Ushna
उ ं ती णं सरं ि ं ं सू ं वम थरं |
ं गु च यत ाय ेदनमु ते||
(ch. Su. 22 / 16)
 Ushna
 Tikskshna
 Ruksha
 Sthira
 Sara
 Snigdh
 Drava
 Sukshma
 Guru

Swedopag Dravya
शोभांजनकै र ाक वृ ीरपुननवा यव ितल कु ल माषबदरािणती
दशेमािन ेदोपगािन भव | ch.su. 4/8(22)
Ushna - 80%
Tikshna - 30%Tikshna - 30%
Sara - 10%
Snigdha - 40%
Ruksha - 50%
Sukshma -10%
Drava – 0%
Sthira – 0%
Guru – 30%
Laghu – 40%

Mode of action:-
 ि गध सू े यनेषु लीनं ेद ु दोषं नयित व म|
(Ch.si 1/ 8)
 गौरव शीत म ेदनं ेदकारकम |
(Ch.su. 21/ 11)

Effects of swedan (ch.su 14, su. Chi.32)
 Dosh dravta
ि गध सू े यनेषु लीनं ेद ु दोषं नयित व म ||
 Vata niyaman
ेहपूव यु ेन ेदेनाविजतेऽिनले|
पुरीषमू रेतांिस न स कथ न||
(ch.su.14/4)
 Gatra vinaman
शु ा िप िह का ािन ेह ेदोपपादनैः |
नमय यथा ायं िकं पुनज वतो नरान्||
(ch.su.14/5)

Conti..
 Agnideepan
 Twak-mardhava
 Twak –prasadana
 Nidra and tandra nasha Nidra and tandra nasha
 Bhakta shradha
 Srotoshudhi
 Sandhichesta
 Dosha shodhana

Effects of Heat Therapy
 Vasodilatation
 Increased nerve stimulation
 Increased pain threshold
 Changes in muscle strength Changes in muscle strength
 Increased metabolic rate
 Increased tissue extensibility
 Increased sweating
 Effect on pulse rate and blood pressure

TEMPERATURE
INFLAMMATION
Cutaneous
thermoreceptor
Smooth muscle
relaxation
Release of vasodilators
eg,. Histamin,
prostaglandin
Spinal dorsal root
ganglion
inhibition of
Sympathatic
adrenergic activation
relaxation
vasodilatation

Shodhan effect of swedan
Cells get rid of their wastes in 3 ways..
1. Convert the waste molecule to different
molecule temporarily that will not
diffuse backward.diffuse backward.
2. Make an oily molecule water soluble so
that it can be dissolved in water and
flushed away in the blood stream.
3. Sweating which uses water to flush
away the chemicals.

Conti….
Eg.
Co2 through lungs
Remaining with carbolic
acid actions
Waste chemicals that are
Oily substances &
chemicals
That have electric
charges.
Waste chemicals that are
dissolved in water
blood stream
Urine
Able to be dissolved in
water
Blood stream
Urine

SWEAT
Sweat cells
pumping unwanted salts and minerals
Saltiness pulls water out of cells into the sweats pockets by osmosis
Sweat pockets swellsSweat pockets swells
Pressure build ups
Pushes the water out of pockets including the waste products that are dissolved in it

Bio-waste eliminated through sweats
 Mostly water
 Trace amount & minerals
 Na - .9gm/l
 K - .2gm/l
 Ca -.01gm/l
 Mg -.001gm/lMg -.001gm/l
 Lactic acid
 Urea
 Trace element
 Zn -.4 mg/l
 Cu - .3 -.8mg/l
 Fe -1mg/l
 Chromium -.1mg/l
 Nickel - .05 mg/l

DETECTION OF LIMIT OF BLOOD
URINE, SWEAT

ELEMENTS SERUM (µg/L) URINE (µg/L) SWEAT(µg/L)
Arsenic 0.2 0.2 0.2
Aluminium 2 2 2
Bismuth 0.05 0.05 0.05
Cadmium 0.02 0.02 0.02
Cobalt 0.05 0.05 0.05
Chromium 0.1 0.1 0.1
Copper 1 1 1
Mercury 0.1 0.2 0.1Mercury 0.1 0.2 0.1
Manganese 0.5 0.5 0.5
Molybdenum 0.5 0.5 0.5
Nickel 0.1 0.1 0,1
Lead 0.05 0.05 0.5
Antimony 0.6 0.6 0.5
Selenium 2 2 2
Tin 0.5 0.1 0.1
thallium 0.02 0.02 0.02
Uranium 0.02 0.02 0.02
zinc 2 2 2

NO OF SAMPLES IN WHICH TRACE
ELEMEMT WERE DETECTEDELEMEMT WERE DETECTED

ELEMENT BLOOD URINE SWEAT U/B
RATIO
S/B
RATIO
(S/B)/(U/B
)RATIO
Arsenic 17 20 20 17 17 17
Aluminium 20 20 20 20 20 20
Bismuth 8 19 19 8 7 7
Cadmium 11 4 18 3 11 3
Cobalt 20 20 20 20 20 20
Chromium 20 19 20 19 20 19
Copper 20 20 20 20 20 13
Mercury 16 16 20 13 16 20Mercury 16 16 20 13 16 20
Manganese 20 20 20 20 20 20
Mololybden
um
20 20 20 20 20 20
Nickel 20 20 20 20 20 20
Lead 20 20 20 20 20 0
Antimony 1 1 19 0 1 20
Selenium 20 20 20 20 20 1
Tin 2 19 20 1 2 20
thallium 20 20 20 20 20 20
Uranium 20 20 20 20 20 20

The findings from this study have three important
implications:
 1. From a therapeutic standpoint, induced sweating may have
potential as a clinical intervention for elimination of some toxic
elements. However, the concomitant loss of required trace minerals
into sweat, which is also evident from the data, serves to remind
that sauna users should secure adequate intake of required
minerals to compensate for losses and to replete diminished
reserves.reserves.
 2. From a public health perspective, clusters of people,
such as firefighters, who by the nature of their
occupations are exposed to toxic elements, may bead
vised to regularly undertake induced sweating.
Further research is required, however, to determine whether
induced sweating on the day of exposure is beneficial or detrimental
because enhanced circulation to the skin associated with sauna may
stimulate greater absorption of toxicants on the skin.

 3. From a biomonitoring perspective, perspiration may
serve as a more sensitive body ﬂuid form measurement
compared with blood because some toxic elements,
including cadmium, bismuth, antimony, and tin, are
frequently not detected in serum but may be found infrequently not detected in serum but may be found in
sweat samples from the same individual.
(S.j. genius et al Nov.2010)

References:-
 Charak samhita with Chakrapani commentry
 Sushrut samhita with Dalhan commentry
 Ashtang hriday & Ashtang sangrah
 Kashyap samhita
 Bhavprakash
 Aacharya shrinivasan panchkarma book
 Vaidhya Basant Patil panchkarm book
Vaidhya mukundilal dwivedi Vaidhya mukundilal dwivedi
 mahendra et.al /(IJIPSR)/2017
 Nashine et,al/IJAPC/2017
 Kalpana 291agmail.com2018
 Ravindram et.al (Kerala)
 www.technoayurveda.com
 Websites relavant to the topic
 Sj genius et.al nov 2010.

swedana karma (sudation therapy)

swedana karma (sudation therapy)

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