This document discusses several sustainable models and their role in community development. It also examines the environmental impacts of different methods of electricity generation, including coal production, fossil fuels, nuclear power, and hydropower. Finally, it presents an example of a sustainable model in India called Husk Power Systems, which installs mini power plants to provide electricity to rural villages in a sustainable way.

1. Sustainable Models
Impact on Community Development

2. Types of Sustainable Models
• 3 Legged stool model
• 3 overlapping circles model
• 3 nested dependencies model

3. 3legged sustainability model

4. 3 overlapping circles model

5. 3 nested dependencies model

6. Role of sustainability model in development
• To solve the problems of shortage of food
• To solve short lifespan problem and ecological
problems.
• To solve the problems of autocratic rule.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF
ELECTRICITY GENERATION &
TRANSMISSION

8. Coal Production
• In the process of coal production – coal mining
has long term and short term effects on land.
• The environmental impact of mining includes
erosion, formation of skinholes, loss of
biodiversity, contamination of soil,
groundwater and surface water by chemicals
for mining processes.
• Eg. Giant OK Tedi Mine in Papua New Guinea

9. Fossil Fuels
• Fossil fuels constitute a
significant repository of
carbon buried deep
underground. Burning those
results in the conversation
of CO2 & is then released in
the air.
• This enhances the
greenhouse effect and
contributes to global
warming
Nuclear Power plants
• Abnormal operation may
result in release of
radioactive material on
scales ranging from minor
to severe although.
• A long term issue is
decommissioning nuclear
power plant.

10. Hydropower
• The use of hydro power can have both positive
and negative impact on environment.
• Dam failure can lead to catastrophic floods.
• It causes low dissolved oxygen levels in the
water this is very harmful to riverbank
habitats.

11. SUSTAINABLE MODEL IN INDIA
HUSK POWER SYSTEMS

12. • HPS provides end to end renewable energy
solutions by installing 25kw to 100kw mini
power plant and then wiring villages and
hamlets of up to 4000 inhabitants to deliver
electricity on pay per use basis.
• Impact on community development.
• Recycling by products

13. • Distributed product manufacturing
• Proto Village
• Carbon offset