Sacrament and seven sacraments

1. The Sacraments

2. “Sacramentum”
a sign of the sacred

17. The Seven Sacraments are divided into three
groupings:
• The sacraments of initiation (Baptism,
Confirmation, Eucharist)
• The sacraments of healing (Reconciliation,
Anointing of the Sick)
• The sacraments of commitment (Holy Orders,
Matrimony)

19. • Baptism is the door to the Holy Spirit and to
the other sacraments.
• By Baptism, the believer is:
- freed from sin,
- reborn as God's child,
- made a member of Christ and of the
Church,
- given a share in the Church's mission.

20. Various Names (1214-1216)
• Baptism means to plunge or
immerse. This plunging into
water symbolizes the
believer's burial with Christ,
followed by his rising up as
a "new creature" (2 Cor 5:17).

21. • "The washing of regeneration and
renewal by the Holy Spirit" (another
name for Baptism) refers to the birth by
water and the Spirit which is needed to
"enter the kingdom of God" (Jn 3:5).
• "This bath is called enlightenment
because those instructed ‘are
enlightened in their understanding'" (St.
Justin).

22. Fulfilled in Jesus
• Jesus was baptized by
John and, after his
Resurrection, he
commanded the
apostles to "make
disciples of all nations"
and to baptize "in the
name of the Father,
and of the Son, and of
the Holy Spirit" (Mt
28:19-20).

23. Infant Baptism (1250-1252)
• Children need the new birth of Baptism to be freed
from darkness and brought into God's family.
• Infant Baptism shows God's total gratuitousness, the
Church (and parents) would deny the children a
priceless gift if they were not baptized shortly after
birth.
• Infant Baptism has certainly been practiced since the
second century and quite possibly from the very
beginning of the Church since Scripture speaks of
"households" being baptized (See Acts 16:15, 33; 18:8;
1 Cor 1:16)

24. Who Can Baptize? (1256)
• The ordinary ministers are the bishop, the priest,
and in the Latin Church, the deacon.
• If necessity, anyone (even someone not
baptized) can baptize. They must have the
intention to will what the Church does when she
baptizes and use the Trinitarian baptismal
formula. The Church sees this possibility for
others to baptize because Baptism is necessary
for salvation.

26. Necessity of Baptism

27. The Only Door We Know
• Jesus clearly told the apostles to
baptize their disciples (Mt 28:19).
"Whoever believes and is baptized,
will be saved; whoever does not
believe will be condemned" (Mk
16:16).

28. The Graces of Baptism
Two Main Effects (1262)
1. Purification from sins
2. New birth in the Holy Spirit. Peter promised
his hearers (on Pentecost) that by Baptism
they would receive "forgiveness for your
sins" and "the gift of the Holy Spirit" (Acts
2:38).

29. Duties of Baptized (1269-1270)
• Serve others in the Church
• Obey Church leaders.
• They have a right to the sacraments,
to the nourishment of God's Word,
and to all the Church's spiritual
helps.
• Participate in the Church's
missionary activity.

31. Completes Baptism (1285)
• Confirmation is necessary to complete the
baptismal grace. "By Confirmation, the
baptized are more bound to the Church,
enriched by a special strength of the Spirit,
and more strictly obliged to spread and
defend the faith" (Second Vatican Council).

33. Chrism
• oil (chrism) was added to signify the Spirit's
anointing.
• The word "Christian" means "anointed"
(deriving from the title "Christ" meaning "the
Anointed One").
• The word "Confirmation" suggests a ratification
of Baptism.
• The bishop consecrating the chrism on Holy
Thursday is, in a sense, part of the sacrament.

34. Six Effects (1302-1303)
Confirmation:
• Increases and deepens baptismal grace
• Causes us to cry out "Abba, Father"
• Unites us more firmly to Christ
• Increases the Spirit's gifts
• Bonds us more to the Church
• Strengthens us to proclaim our faith boldly

35. In danger of death, any
priest can confirm. The
Church wants none of her
children, even the youngest,
to die without this
sacrament.

37. Penance/
Reconciliation

39. “But if a wicked man turns
away from all the sins he
has committed and keeps
all my decrees and does
what is just and right,
he will surely live; he will
not die.
None of the offenses he has
Committed will be
remembered against him.
Ezekiel 18:21-22

53. Acts of Penitent
Three Acts (1450)
• The sinner must be:
- contrite of heart
- confess with their lips,
- make fruitful satisfaction

54. PENANCE SIN ABSOLUTION Priest - Forgiveness of sins
- Reconciliation with
… I absolve you God
from all your sins - Revival of all merits
in the name of the - Healing
Father, Son and
the Holy Spirit.

59. Source and Summit of Church Life

60. Instituting the Eucharist (1337)
"do this in memory of me" (Lk 22:19),

61. Two Parts (1346-1347)
Two great parts of liturgical
structure:
- Liturgy of the Word
- Liturgy of the Eucharist

62. Liturgy of the Word
(readings, homily, and
intercessions)
Liturgy of the Eucharist
(presentation of the gifts,
consecration, and
communion)

63. Ten Names (1328-1332)
• Eucharist - As an action of thanksgiving which
recalls the Jewish blessings that proclaim
God's mighty works.
• Lord's Supper - As a memorial of the Last
Supper which anticipates the heavenly
wedding feast of the Lamb.

64. • Breaking of the Bread - the two disciples
recognized Jesus in the breaking of the bread
(Lk 24:31). After Pentecost, the disciples
"devoted themselves... to the breaking of the
bread" (the earliest Christian term for
Eucharist) (Acts 2:42).
• Eucharistic Assembly - As the sacrament
should be celebrated communally.

65. • Memorial - As a recollection of the
Lord's Passion and Resurrection.
• Holy Sacrifice - In making present
the sacrifice of the cross.

66. • Holy and Divine Liturgy - In
Eucharist, the Church's liturgy finds
its most intense expression.
• The Most Blessed Sacrament - This
name is also given to the reserved
Eucharistic species because the
Eucharist is the Sacrament of
sacraments.

67. • Holy Communion - Highlights our
union with Christ.
• Holy Mass - The liturgy concludes
with a sending forth (Mission).

88. Sacrament of Holy Orders

105. The Bishop

109. To Raise up the Sick (1499)
By this sacred anointing, the
Church asks the glorified Lord to
raise up and save the sick person.
The person is asked to help the
Church by their union with Christ's
sufferings and death (Second
Vatican Council).

110. Jesus' Love for the Sick (1503-1505)
• Christ has the power to forgive and to heal, as
when he forgave the paralytic his sins and
healed him (Mk 2:5-12). Jesus identified with
the sick. "I was sick and you visited me" (Mt
25:36). Following Jesus, Christians make
tireless efforts in their preferential care of the
poor.

111. Sacraments of Healing (1509-1510)
• Through Christ's life-giving presence
in the sacraments, especially in the
Eucharist, the Church strives to carry
out the Lord's command "Heal the
sick" (Mt 10:8).

112. Healing as a Sacrament (1511-1513)
• The Roman Rite requires that this sacrament
be given to the seriously ill by anointing the
forehead and hands with blessed oil while
saying, "Through this holy anointing may the
Lord in his love and mercy help you with the
grace of the Holy Spirit.”

113. Ministers of the Sacrament (1516)
• Only bishops and priests can administer
the sacrament. Pastors should instruct
the faithful of the sacraments'
importance. These should encourage the
sick to call the priest. The whole parish
should surround the sick with prayer and
attention.

114. Three Effects - Peace, Healing and
Forgiveness (1520)
• The person receives peace and strength
against temptations and discouragement in
their illness. The sacrament's power should
lead the person to a healing of soul and the
body if God wills. Also, "If he has committed
sins, he will be forgiven" (Jas 5:15, Council of
Trent).