Suspension therapy involves suspending parts of the body in the air using ropes, slings, and other equipment attached to fixed points above. This allows for increased range of motion, muscle strengthening, and other benefits by reducing friction and gravity's effects. There are different types of suspension including vertical, axial, and pendular suspension, each providing support or movement in different ways. Various materials like ropes, slings, cleats, and frames are used to safely suspend and move body parts for therapeutic goals like improved flexibility, circulation, and muscle properties.

1. SUSPENSION
THERAPY
P O O N A M N . B A N T H I A 1 S T M P T H

2. CONTENTS :
• What is suspension therapy
• Principles of suspension therapy
• Uses, Advantages and Disadvantages of suspension therapy
• Materials used in suspension therapy
• Types of suspension

3. What is suspension therapy ?
• Suspension is a special technique of exercise therapy in which a part,
or all, of the body is suspended in the air by ropes and slings attached
to fixed points above to increase ROM, increase muscle power and
support body parts.

4. PRINCIPLES :
• Friction : It occur during a particular surface move on another.
* In suspension, friction is less, therefore causes smooth & easy movement
• Pendulum : Is heavy material suspended by the weightless thread
* When the force is applied on the pendulum it results in to and fro
movement.
* In human body, pendular motion occurs mainly in shoulder & hip joints,
forward
leg movements & arm swings while walking
* In suspension, Pendular motion is used to maintain muscle property,
increase
ROM & strengthening the muscles
• Eliminating gravity movement : The patient should at least have muscle power 2 for
suspension therapy exercises.

5. AIMS :
• Improve Joint ROM
• Muscle Strengthening
• Neuro-Muscular Co-ordination

6. ADVANTAGES :
DISADVANTAGES :
• It reduces the burden of therapist.
• Easy to lift the limbs.
• Active movement can be performed easily with minimum friction.
• Quite complex
• Many equipment's required

7. SUSPENSION UNIT :
Late Mrs. Guthrie
Smith has invented
the suspension
apparatus.

8. PARTS OF SUSPENSION :
• Fixed point
• Supporting ropes
• Slings
• Wooden cleat
• Dog clip and S hook
• Storage trolley

9. FIXED POINT :
• It is made of stainless steel or plastic coated steel.
In the top and head end side presents the 5cm metal mesh
and remaining side kept open.

11. SUPPORTING ROPES :
• Connecting ropes provide the attachment of a sling to the frame
and are adjustable in length.
• There are following three types of supporting ropes:
Single Rope
Double Rope
Pulley Rope

12. SINGLE ROPE :
• Has a ring fixed at one end by which it is hung up.
• The other end of the rope then passes through one end of the
wooden cleat through the ring of a dog clip and through the other
end of the cleat and then knotted.
• The cleat is for altering the length of the rope and should be held
horizontally for movement and pulled oblique when supporting. The
rope then 'holds' on the cleat by frictional resistance.
• Length of rope required is 1.5m

14. DOUBLE ROPE :
• Consist of two pulleys at upper and lower attachments.
• This device gives a mechanical advantage of two as two pulleys are
used. The rope is shortened by pushing the cleat down, allowing
the lifter to move with gravity at the same time as it offers a
mechanical advantage of two.
• Such a rope is used to suspend the heavy parts of the body – the
pelvis, thorax or heavy thighs when these are to be supported
together.

16. PULLEY ROPE :
• This has a dog clip attached at one end of the rope which then
passes over the wheel of the pulley.
• The rope then passes through the cleat and a second dog clip.
• It is used for three dimensional movements of a limb.

17. SLINGS :
• There are following four types of slings:
Single Sling
Double Sling
Three Ring Sling
Head Sling

18. SINGLE SLING :
• Single slings are made of canvas bound with soft webbing and
with a D ring at each end. They measure 68 cm long by 17 cm
wide.
• Used for elbow and knee.
• Folded to support wrist and ankle.

20. DOUBLE SLING :
• Broad slings with D-rings at each end.
• Used to support pelvis, thorax or thigh together, specially
when the knees are to be kept straight.
• 68cm long and 29cm width.

21. THREE RING SLING :
• They are webbing slings
• Consist of 3 D rings. 2 at the end of the sling and 1 in the
middle kept moving.
• 75cm length 3-4cm width.
• Used for wrist and ankle region.

23. HEAD SLING :
• This is a short, split sling with its two halves stitched together
at an angle to create a central slit.
• This allows the head to rest supported at the back under the
lower and upper part of the skull.

24. WOODEN CLEAT :
• It is made of wood and is used for altering of the rope.
• It has two or three holes for the rope passage. The rope itself
hold the cleat by friction resistance.

25. DOG CLIP & S HOOK :
• Used to attach the supporting rope with mesh.
• To attach the sling with supporting rope.

26. STORAGE TROLLEY :
• Storage of slings and ropes is done with the help of hooks.

27. TYPES OF SUSPENSION :
• Vertical Suspension
• Axial Suspension
• Pendular Suspension

28. VERTICAL SUSPENSION :
• COG of the body part or the body is taken as point of
suspension.
• Used to provide support to the body parts of the patient.
• Uses : Relaxation
Prevent pressure sore

29. MECHANISM OF MOVEMENT:
• In using vertical fixation the rope is fixed so that it hangs vertically
above the centre of gravity of the part to be suspended.
• Vertical suspension is used for support as it tends to limit the
movement of the part to a small-range pendular movement on each
side of the central resting point

31. AXIAL SUSPENSION :
• It is the most common type
• Joint is taken as point of suspension
• Gravity eliminated
• Uses : Relaxation
Maintain muscle property
Increase blood circulation
Increases venous and lymphatic drainage

32. MECHANISM OF MOVEMENT :
• This occurs when all the ropes supporting a part are attached to
one “S” hook which is fixed to a point immediately above the
centre of the joint which is to be moved.
• When such fixation is set up the movement of the limb will be on
a flat plane level with the floor. In this way pure angular
movements are obtained.

34. PENDULAR SUSPENSION :
• Point of suspension is shifted away from the joint axis.
• Movement usually takes place against gravity
• Muscles will be getting resistance while moving if the axis is
shifted opposite to that movement
• Uses : increases the muscle strength and muscle endurance.

35. WHICH TYPE OF SUSPENSION ?