This literature review evaluated surgical techniques for preventing neuromas and post-operative neuropathic pain following amputation. A search of multiple databases identified clinical studies comparing various surgical nerve management methods during primary amputation. The studies assessed outcomes like residual limb pain and phantom limb pain incidence. For finger amputations, centro-central nerve union showed the best results in pain prevention. For major limb amputations, techniques like targeted muscle reinnervation, targeted nerve implantation, concomitant nerve coaptation and regenerative peripheral nerve implantation all demonstrated efficacy in neuropathic pain prevention. However, a meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity between studies.