The document discusses surgical dressings and bandages. It defines a surgical dressing as a sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to promote healing, while a bandage is material used to support, cover, immobilize, or exert pressure on part of the body. The document outlines the purpose of bandaging, considerations before bandaging such as the type and patient comfort, different types of bandages based on material and structure, proper bandaging techniques including different turns, important site-specific bandages, and bandage removal.

1. SURGICAL DRESSINGS
Part- II
16/08/2021
UG- 2017 BATCH

2. Learning Objectives
What is the difference between surgical
dressing and bandage?
Purpose of bandaging
Considerations before bandaging
Types of bandages and their characteristics
What is bandaging?
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
Techniques of bandaging
 Bandage removal

3. What is the difference between
surgical dressing and bandage?
Surgical dressing:
Sterile pad or compress applied to a
wound to promote healing and prevent further
harm
Bandage:
A piece of material used to support, cover,
immobilize, or exert pressure to a part of body.

4. Purpose of Bandaging
• First aid measure for injured, esp. bleeding
control
• Immobilize/restrict movement
• Support
• Hold splint securely
• Prevent/reduce swelling
• Protect wound against infection
• Hold surgical dressings

5. Considerations before bandaging
• Type & purpose of bandage
• Comfort of the patient
• Bandaging in most natural position of body
part
• Neatness
• Economy of the bandage

6. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon material
• Roller bandages: length of material wound into a
compact firm roll
• Open weave cotton bandage
• open mesh conforming bandage
• Cotton crepe bandage
• Crepe knit bandage

7. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon material

8. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Roller bandages
• ‘T’ bandages
• Tubular bandages
• Triangular bandages
• Cravat bandages

9. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Roller bandages

10. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• ‘T’ bandages- perineum

11. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Tubular bandages

12. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Triangular bandages

13. Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Cravat bandages

14. Types of bandages and their
characteristics..
• Sizes:

15. Types of bandages and their
characteristics..
• Material:
– Either natural or synthetic
• Open weave cotton bandage
• Superseded by open mesh conforming
bandage- nylon, polyester & viscose
• Cotton crepe bandage- light & woven, elasticity
• Crepe knit bandage- 60% nylon & 40% viscose

16. What is bandaging?
• Technique of application of bandage
• Synonym-Dysmergia

17. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Do’s:
– Patient in comfortable position
– Part to be bandaged to be in natural position
– Person bandaging to stand in front
– Use tightly rolled bandage, not uncomfortably
long
– Unroll bandage at a time for better control
– Unroll outwards

18. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Do’s:
– Start just distal to part to be covered
– Initial two circular turns for firm anchor
– Should be applied distal to proximal
– Place absorbent material between two skin
surfaces (absorb perspiration & avoid friction)
– All prominences to be padded
– Even tension through out (degree of pressure
required depends on purpose of bandaging)

19. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Do’s:
– 1/3rd of each turn of bandage to be left uncovered
– Leave ends of toes/fingers open for checking
circulation
– Finished with a complete turn
– Fixation of ends:
• Adhesive tape, end of bandage- split & tied, safety pin,
or by swing ends

20. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Avoid:
– Wet bandage- shrinks when dry
– Uneven tension
– Reverse turns over wound/ prominences
– Too much bandage
– Incorrect securing of ends

21. Techniques of bandaging..
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
1. Circular-
 horizontal turns around a part
 Used mainly for securing bandage at beginning & end
 To be avoided around limbs

22. Techniques of bandaging..
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
2. Spiral-
 Spiral turns distal to proximal
 Applied over parts with uniform thickness. e.g.,
finger, upper arm

23. Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
3. Reverse Spiral-
 Spirals have reverse turn
 Applied over parts with varying thickness. e.g.,
forearm

24. Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Figure of eight-
 Each complete turn of bandage forms a figure of eight
around limb or torso
 Overlapping turns, each crossing at midpoint &
ascending/ descending alternately
 Used over joints, shoulder, groin, thumb
 SPICA-
 Modification
 One loop is much larger than others
 Name derived- appearance similar to “ear of barley”

25. Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Figure of eight

26. Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Figure of eight- SPICA

27. Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Recurrent-
 Series of alternating turns
 One or two spiral turns, initial turn made across the
middle of area to be covered.
 Succeeding turns passed to & fro over end of first one
side, then another. Until entire area is covered.
 Completed with one or two spiral turns and secured
 Used- amputated stump of limb or to the head.

28. Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Recurrent

29. Important site specific bandaging

30. Important site specific bandaging
• Head bandage

31. Important site specific bandaging
• Head bandage

32. Important site specific bandaging
• Eye bandage

33. Important site specific bandaging
• Ear bandage

34. Important site specific bandaging
• Barrel bandage- fractured jaw

35. Important site specific bandaging
• Shoulder bandages-
– Ascending & descending spica

36. Important site specific bandaging
• Bandage for fracture clavicle

37. Important site specific bandaging
• Bandage to breast

38. Other types of bandages
• Impregnated with medicaments
– Zinc paste BPC
– Zinc oxide & ichthammol BPC 2%
– Zinc oxide, ichthammol & urethane
– Zinc oxide, calamine 5.75% & urethane
– Prepared coal tar #% in zinc paste
– Iodochlorohydroxyquinoline 1% with zinc paste
– Zinc oxide with calamine

39. Other types of bandages..
– Cotton crepe (Elastocrepe)
– Cotton incorporated with rubber threads
– Adhesive elastic strapping

40. Removal of bandage
• For disposable bandage (single use)
– cutting longitudinally, avoiding injury to patient or
self using
• Lister’s scissors
• Surgical blade (sharp edge away from patient)
• For reusable bandage
– Removal of adhesive/pin/knot
– Gentle unrolling
– Wash, sterilize & reuse

41. What did we learn?
What is the difference between surgical
dressing and bandage?
Purpose of bandaging
Considerations before bandaging
Types of bandages and their characteristics
What is bandaging?
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
Techniques of bandaging
 Bandage removal

42. Bibliography
Pye’s Surgical Handicraft, 22nd ed.- Chap.6,
Application of bandages. Page 61

43. Attendance!!
&
?

44. Thank you