bandaging..... definition

1. BANDAGING
SUBMITTED TO:
MRS. JYOTI SHARMA
NURSING TUTOR
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
DMCH, CON, LUDHIANA
EYE, EAR, JAW, FINGER,
ELBOW, KNEE & STUMP
BANDAGING
SUBMITTED BY:
NIKITA SHARMA
MSc (N) 1st Year

2. INTRODUCTION
It is a process by which a wound or injured part is
covered and protected with the help of a bandage.

3. DEFINITION
• Bandaging is the process of covering a wound or injured part
using the most appropriate bandage.

4. PURPOSE
• To immobilize an injured part and relieve pain.
• To support the wound and dressing
• To immobilize a fracture or dislocation
• To control hemorrhage
• To improve venous blood flow from lower extremities by
applying pressure
• To reduce or prevent swelling.

5. TYPES OF BANDAGING
• Roller bandages
• Triangular bandages

6. • Select a bandage of proper size and suitable material.
• Put the patient in a comfortable position.
• Support the injured area while bandaging.
• If a joint is involved, flex it slightly.
PRINCIPLES OF BANDAGING

7. • Face the patient while applying the bandage, except when applying it on
the head.
•Hold the roll of the bandage in the right hand when applying the bandage on
the left side.
•Always start bandaging from inner to outer aspect and far to near end
CONTINUE….

8. • When bandaging a joint, ensure flexibility of the joint (except if
immobilization of joint is required.
• Always start and end with two circular turns.
• Cover the area 2 inches above and below the affected area.
CONTINUE…..

9. • Overlap turns and slightly stretch the bandage.
• Cover 2/3 of the previous turn
• Where possible, leave fingertips or toe tips exposed for observation.
• Do not end the bandage on the wound
CONTINUE…..

10. 1. Appropriate size of bandage
Fingers - 1 inch
Head, arm, eye, and ear - 2 – 2.5 inches
Lower limbs and shoulder - 3 – 3.5 inches
Trunk and groin - 4 – 6 inches
2. Scissors
3. Adhesives/safety pins
4. Padding material
5. Kidney tray
6. Mackintosh with towel.
ARTICLES

11. Pre procedural steps
• Inspect for the presence of and status of wounds open wounds will
require a dressing before a bandage is applied.
• Ask patient about any pain (its location , intensity, onset and quality)
• Note the presence of drainage (amount ,color , odor, viscosity)
• Inspect underlying dressing and if soiled, it must be changed.
• Choose a neatly rolled bandage of correct width and length.
STEPS OF PROCEDURE

12. • Clean and dry the part to be bandaged.
• Provide comfortable position with the part properly
supported.
• Whenever possible, bandage the part in its normal position
with the joint slightly flexed to avoid putting strain on
ligaments and muscle of the joint
CONTINUE….

13. • Dressings with bandages at least 2 inches beyond the edges of the dressing to
prevent the dressing and wound from becoming contaminated.
• Never roll or unroll a bandage and drag it around a limb as it causes discomfort
to patient.
• Do not unwind more bandage than it is absolutely necessary
INTRA PROCEDURAL STEPS :

14. • Never ignore any complaints of pain or discomfort experienced
by patient, it should be investigated and cause should be
removed immediately.
• Do not use wrinkled bandages as they would be uncomfortable
to the patient.
CONTINUE….

15. • When completed, fix the bandages with a circular turn and
secure it with pin or adhesive tapes. Pins, knots or ties
should be away from wound because these materials can
exert localized pressure and irritation.
POST PROCEDURAL STEPS

16. Methods
Circular
Reverse
Spiral
Simple
Spiral
Figure of
eight
Spica at
elbow
Head
bandage
METHODS OF APPLICATION

17. Methods
Elbow
bandage
Hand
bandage
Finger
bandage
Thumb
Spica
bandage
Eye
bandage
Ear
bandage
CONTINUE….

18. Foot
bandage
Ankle
Bandage
Stump
bandage
CONTINUE…..

19. • Lay outer surface of bandage against the forehead and take 2 rounds
circular turns around head away from injured eye
• Carry bandage, round the head until it reaches eye on the affected
side.
EYE BANDAGING:

20. • Take it obliquely to the back of head under the prominences on the back of skull
and from it upward beneath the eye of the affected side.
• Take it further over the pad of the eye to circular turn and continue over head to
starting point.
• Repeat this turn 2 or 3 times until
the dressing is covered.
• Finish with safety-pin just above
the unaffected eye.
CONTINUE….

21. • Anchor bandage with circular bandage around the head
• Continue obliquely down cross back of head, under ear, and
obliquely up across bridge of nose joining primary turn.
CROSS BANDAGE OF BOTH EYES

22. • Continue around head to forehead, then
obliquely down across bridge of nose and
cheek to point below other ear.
• Repeat procedure, each circular turn
covering its predecessor, and each oblique
turn overlying upper one-half or two-third
of the proceeding turn. Continue until eyes
are completely covered, apply turns around
head and secure.
CONTINUE…..

24. • Place the bandage under the chin and carry its
ends upward. Adjust the bandage to make one
end longer than the other.
• Take the longer end over the top of the head to
meet the short end at the temple and cross the
ends over.
• Take the ends in opposite directions to the other
side of the head and tie them over the part of the
bandage that was applied first.
JAW BANDAGE

25. • With the hand pronated fix the bandage by 2 circular turns round the wrist.
• Carry the bandage obliquely over the back of hand to the base of the finger
to be bandaged, taking the in order
• starting from the little finger side.
• Take one spiral turn to the base of the finger nail and then cover the finger
by simple spiral turns.
• Then carry bandage across the back of the hand to the wrist and complete
it with 2 circular turns round the wrist.
• Secure the bandage by safety-Pin or adhesive tape
FINGER BANDAGE:

26. • Bend/flex the elbow at right angle. Support arm on a table or
surface.
• Anchor the bandage with two circular turn away from wound
site.
• Proceed the bandage above the elbow joint around it, and
Then below it, making a figure of eight.
• Carry it above and below the elbow joint, which will overlap
the previous turn by two third of the width of bandage.
Finish/step the bandage above the joint with two circular
turns and secure the end appropriately.
ELBOW BANDAGE:

27. • Place the leg in a natural position and
allow for a slight bend in the knee.
• Hold one end of the bandage firmly against
the kneecap and begin wrapping the
bandage around.
• Make sure to cover above and below the
cap. This provides maximum external
support not just to the joint – but also to the
ligaments, muscles and connective tissue.
KNEE BANDAGING

28. • Don’t wrap too tightly as this will hamper blood circulation to
the affected area.
• Make sure that the patient is comfortable with the pressure.
• Secure the bandage in place with tape or Velcro strip that comes
with it.
CONTINUE……

29. • Use a 4 inch bandage.
• Make 2 circular turns round the limb and place the end of the
bandage in the center of the upper side of the limb
• Carry the bandage over the center of the stump to the same level
behind holding the turns back and front with the thumb and
finger of the other hand.
STUMP BANDAGE:

30. • Repeat the recurrent turns over the end of the stump first on the left
and then on the right side of the original turn, until the whole of the
dressing is covered.
• Fix the loop with a straight turn round the stump and continue the
bandage with finger of eight turns round the limb until the dressing is
completely covered.
• Secure with a safety pin.
CONTINUE…..

31. • The waste is discarded in respective dustbins.
• The articles are washed and dried.
• Recording is done regarding the procedure, comfort of the
patient, site bandaged, skin and wound condition, type
of bandage material used and time of application.
AFTER CARE OF THE ARTICLES
AND RECORDING

32. Today, we have discussed about:
• Definition of bandaging
• Purpose and principles of bandaging
• Types of bandaging
• Articles to be used in bandaging
• Pre, intra and post procedural steps of bandaging
• Methods of bandaging
• Steps of eye, ear, finger, elbow, stump bandaging.
• Aftercare of the articles and recording.
SUMMARIZATION:

33. Fill in the blanks:
1. Support the elbow at ________ angle before bandaging
2. Choose the clean bandage of proper ______
3. Support the _________area while bandaging.
4. Always ______the bandage at last
RECAPTUALIZATION :

34. 1. Face the patient while applying the bandage on head.
2. Always start bandaging from inner to outer aspect and far to
near end.
3. Always start and end with two circular turn.
4. End the bandage on the wound.
5. Cover 2/3 of the previous turn while bandage.
6. Select a bandage of proper size and suitable material.
TRUE AND FALSE

35. Ghai Sandhya, “National Institute of Nursing Education. Clinical
Nursing Procedures (PGIMER, NINE)”. 1st edition. CBS publishers.
Page no- 45-48
TNAI. “Fundamentals of Nursing: A procedure manual”. 3rd edition.
Elsevier Publishers. Page no- 312-16
Patel. MB, Upadhayay YP. “ward Procedures”. 5th edition. Elsevier
publishers, 2009. Page no- 140-42
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