This document provides an overview of common surgical affections in goats and the procedures for diagnosing and treating them. It discusses conditions like gid disease, horn fractures, abscesses, and urolithiasis. For each condition, it outlines the pre-operative management, surgical procedure, and post-operative care. The goal of surgical intervention is to save the animal's life, correct deformities, and treat disease processes. Proper diagnosis, sterile techniques, and post-op care are essential for successful treatment of surgical disorders in goats.

1. Welcome

2. Presented by
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Faculty of Veterinary Science
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

3. Surgical Affections in
Goat

4. Outline
o Introduction
o Common Surgical Affections
o Methods of diagnosis of surgical affection
o Instruments and appliances used
o Pre-operative management
o Surgical procedure
o Post-operative care

5. Introduction
o The management practices of animals and geo-climatic
condition of Bangladesh are favourable for the occurrence of
various diseases and disorders. Most of the diseases are
treated with medicine only; while few cases need surgical
intervention in clinical veterinary practice.
o The importance of surgery is to save the life of an animal, to
prolong the life, to hasten recovery, for elimination of a
disease process, for correcting deformities or malformations,
to make an animal socially acceptable, to aid in diagnosis etc.
o Surgical disorders are the major causes of fatality in animals if
the animals are not treated in time. Surgical disorders are
major threat for our economy and failure of surgical
intervention provides no alternatives except culling.

6. Common Surgical Affections in Goat
o Gid disease
o Horn fracture
o Subcutaneous cyst
o Myiasis
o Abscess
o Urolithiasis
o Rupture of urinary bladder
o Fracture
o Atresia ani
o Irreparable injury

7. Methods of diagnosis of surgical
affections
o Clinical history (Anamnesis)
o Clinical signs
o Physical findings: Pulse, respiration, temperature
o Inspection
o Palpation
o Exploratory surgery

8. Instruments & appliances used
o Razor
o Shaving blade
o Surgical blade
o Artery forceps (straight and curve)
o Rat tooth forceps
o Towel clamps
o Surgical needle (traumatic & atraumatic)
o Scissors (straight and curve)
o Needle holder
o probe

9. Instruments & appliances used
o Catgut
o Nylon threads
o Silk threads
o Cotton
o Gauze
o Surgical drapes
o Antiseptic solution
o Anaesthetic agents

10. Pre-operative Management

11.  General consideration
 Physical examination (pulse, respiration, temperature)
 Starvation for 6-12 hours before surgery
 Operation site preparation
 Clipping & Shaving of hair
 Painting with antiseptic solution
 Sterilization of instruments
 Sterilization of instruments by hot water method (100°C for 30
minutes) or autoclave before use
 Fluid therapy
 Rehydration in dehydrated animals by parenteral
administration of sterile isotonic fluids
 Radiography

12.  Control and anesthesia
 The animal is controlled on dorsal or lateral recumbency
according to the operating procedure
 In goat 2% lignocaine hydrochloride (Jasocaine®, Jayson
Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh) is used locally

13. Surgical Procedure

14. Gid disease
 Clipping and shaving of operative site
 Soaking with antiseptic solution
 Local anaesthetics (2% lidocaine HCl)is used 5-
10 ml, SC
 A cross incision of 2.5 cm diameter is made
with the surgical blade & the edges are hold
with artery forceps to open the site
 Then a small incision is made over the bone
to hold the periosteum with rat tooth forceps

15. Gid disease(Contd..)
 The skull bone should be broken with rat tooth forceps
 The meninges may need to incise very carefully
 Animal head is allowed to move when cyst is appeared
 Cyst is hold with dry cotton and to pull out
 After delivery of cyst, extra fluid is removed by pouring the
fluid on the operative table
 Sulfonilamide powder may be used before suturing the wound
with nylon thread

16. Abscess
 Clipping and shaving of operative site
 Soaking with antiseptic solution
 Local anaesthetics (2% lidocaine HCl) is used 5-10 ml,SC
 An incision should be made with surgical blade
 An artery forceps is then pushed into the abscess cavity so
that pus exudes along with it
 Evacuation of the pus and necrotic tissue should be made by
pressing the part, the secondary pocket should also be
evacuated

17. Abscess(Contd..)
 The cavity should be washed with antiseptic solution
 Then the cavity should be packed with gauze soaked with Tr.
iodine
 Replacement and antiseptic wash should be made on every
alternate day

18. Urolithiasis
Snip off the urethral
process:
 This process is used In rams and bucks to
remove calculi lodging in and obstructing
the urethra
 By gentle manipulation, the penis is pulled
from the prepuce.
 Snip off the urethral process from its base
containing the obstructive calculus.

19. Urolithiasis(Contd..)
Perineal urothrotomy
 Animal is kept in dorsal recumbency
 Posterior epidural anesthesia & local infiltration of the sub cut.
of the median raphe 3-5 cm down the anus is done
 3-5 cm long mid-line cutaneous incision is made below the
anus
 The fascia around the penis is break down bluntly
 Care should be taken not to mistake the retractor penis
muscles for the penis itself.
 The penis is isolated and pulled it outward through the
incision.

20. Urolithiasis(Contd..)
 The penis is incised till reaching the urethra, longitudinally for
3-5 cm
 A catheter is introduced to the bladder
 Suture the urethral mucosa to the wound of the skin using
simple interrupted sutures of silk

21. Rupture of urinary bladder
 Animal is kept in dorsal recumbency
 Operative site is paramedian anterior to scrotum
 Clipping, shaving & soaking with antiseptic solution
 Anterior epidural anesthesia & local infiltration of intended
line of incision with 2% Lidocaine HCl
 An incision of about 10 cm long is made
 Abdominal muscles are incised
 Gradual evacuation of urine from the abdominal cavity is
done
 By gentle gradual manual traction of the bladder draw it
forward toward the abdominal wound

22. Rupture of urinary bladder
(Contd..)
 Explore the bladder for presence of any calculi, wash it with
saline, and introduce a catheter through the bladder to the
urethra
 Suture the bladder with double raw of Lembert sutures using
2/0 catgut
 Flushing the peritoneal cavity with saline solution and put
intra-abdominal antibiotics.
 Close the abdominal wound using nylon thread
 Perform perineal urethrotomy

23. Atresia ani
 The animal is controlled in dorsal recumbency
 Clipping ,shaving & disinfection of the operating site is done
 Caudal epidural anaesthesia & local infiltration is done using
2% lidocaine HCl,SC
 A vertical straight incision is made on perineal region
 Subcutaneous tissue & perineal fat should be removed
 A blunt dissection should be carried out avoiding anal sac
 Pressure on the flank may protrude anal sphincter once the
sphincter is identified it should be grasped by artery forceps

24. Atresia ani(Contd..)
 A probe is passed for detection of anus by observing
meconium on it
 An opening should be made at the centre of the sphincter
 The anal mucous membrane is sutured with skin at 4-5 places
 The rectum is now irrigated to wash meconium using 0.001%
PPM solution
 The sutured part should be cleaned & coconut oil should be
given to the anus

25. Post-operative care

26. o The animals should be kept under supervision for a month to
observe any complication if there is any.
o A course of antibiotic should be given for 5 days, IM
 Streptomycin+Penicillin (Inj.-Strepto-P, Reneta
pharmaceuticals ltd.Dhaka. Bangladesh.)
o A course of antihistaminic should be given for 5 days,IM
 Pheneramine maleate (Inj.-Astavet, Acme laboratory
ltd.Dhaka. Bangladesh )

27. Contd..
 In profuse bleeding cases 5% dextrose-saline about 500-
1000ml should use,IV
 A benzoin seal is necessary and oil of turpentine is used
around the wound.
 The skin stitches are removed within 10-12 days after
operation
 The animal is kept in a clean house for few days especially
until healing the wound

28. References
Book: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science...1st Edition
Author: Prof.Dr.M.A.Samad.(2008)
Book: Ruminant surgery.1996
Author: Tyagi,R.P.S. & Singh
Book: Dollar’s Veterinary Surgery.1980
Author: O’Connor,J.J
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC2387925/
https://en.m. Wikipedia .org/wiki/Veterinar…